A Perovskite Electrolyte That Is Stable in Moist Air for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Thu Jun 07 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Angewandte Chemie (International Edition)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201804114· OSTI ID:1441039

Li, Yutao ^[1]; Xu, Henghui ^[1]; Chien, Po‐Hsiu ^[2]; Wu, Nan ^[1]; Xin, Sen ^[1]; Xue, Leigang ^[1]; Park, Kyusung ^[1]; Hu, Yan‐Yan ^[3]; Goodenough, John B.  ^[1]

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1. Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA
2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee FL 32310 USA

Abstract Solid‐oxide Li ⁺ electrolytes of a rechargeable cell are generally sensitive to moisture in the air as H ⁺ exchanges for the mobile Li ⁺ of the electrolyte and forms insulating surface phases at the electrolyte interfaces and in the grain boundaries of a polycrystalline membrane. These surface phases dominate the total interfacial resistance of a conventional rechargeable cell with a solid–electrolyte separator. We report a new perovskite Li ⁺ solid electrolyte, Li _0.38 Sr _0.44 Ta _0.7 Hf _0.3 O _2.95 F _0.05 , with a lithium‐ion conductivity of σ _Li =4.8×10 ⁻⁴  S cm ⁻¹ at 25 °C that does not react with water having 3≤pH≤14. The solid electrolyte with a thin Li ⁺ ‐conducting polymer on its surface to prevent reduction of Ta ⁵⁺ is wet by metallic lithium and provides low‐impedance dendrite‐free plating/stripping of a lithium anode. It is also stable upon contact with a composite polymer cathode. With this solid electrolyte, we demonstrate excellent cycling performance of an all‐solid‐state Li/LiFePO ₄ cell, a Li‐S cell with a polymer‐gel cathode, and a supercapacitor.

• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• Grant/Contract Number: EE0007762; 7223523
• OSTI ID: 1441039
• Journal Information: Angewandte Chemie (International Edition), Journal Name: Angewandte Chemie (International Edition) Vol. 57 Journal Issue: 28; ISSN 1433-7851
• Publisher: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
• Country of Publication: Germany
• Language: English