In vitro and in vivo assessment of direct effects of simulated solar and galactic cosmic radiation on human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells

Rodman, C.; Almeida-Porada, G.; George, S. K.; Moon, J.; Soker, S.; Pardee, T.; Beaty, M.; Guida, P.; Sajuthi, S. P.; Langefeld, C. D.; Walker, S. J.; Wilson, PF.; Porada, C. D.

doi:10.1038/leu.2016.344

In vitro and in vivo assessment of direct effects of simulated solar and galactic cosmic radiation on human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells

Journal Article · Thu Nov 24 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Leukemia

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.344· OSTI ID:1389216

Rodman, C. ^[1]; Almeida-Porada, G. ^[1]; George, S. K. ^[1]; Moon, J. ^[1]; Soker, S. ^[1]; Pardee, T. ^[1]; Beaty, M. ^[1]; Guida, P. ^[2]; Sajuthi, S. P. ^[1]; Langefeld, C. D. ^[1]; Walker, S. J. ^[1]; Wilson, PF. ^[3]; Porada, C. D. ^[1]

Wake Forest Univ. of School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)

Future deep space missions to Mars and near-Earth asteroids will expose astronauts to chronic solar energetic particles (SEP) and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) radiation,and likely one or more solar particle events (SPEs).Given the inherent radiosensitivity of hematopoietic cells and short latency period of leukemias, space radiation-induced hematopoietic damage poses a particular threat to astronauts on extended missions.We show that exposing human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells(HSC) toextended mission-relevant doses of accelerated high-energyprotons andiron ions leads to the following: (1) introduces mutations that are frequently located within genes involved in hematopoiesis and are distinct from those induced by γ-radiation; (2) markedly reduces in vitro colony formation; (3)markedly alters engraftment and lineage commitment in vivo; and (4) leads to the development, in vivo, ofwhat appears to be T-ALL. Sequential exposure to protons and iron ions (as typically occurs in deep space) proved far more deleterious to HSC genome integrity and function than either particle species alone.Our results represent a critical step for more accurately estimating risks to the human hematopoietic system from space radiation, identifying and better defining molecular mechanisms by which space radiation impairs hematopoiesis and induces leukemogenesis, as well as for developing appropriately targeted countermeasures.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1389216

Report Number(s):: BNL--114101-2017-JA

Journal Information:: Leukemia, Journal Name: Leukemia Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 31; ISSN 0887-6924

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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