Strain-induced structural defects and their effects on the electrochemical performances of silicon core/germanium shell nanowire heterostructures

Lin, Yung-Chen; Kim, Dongheun; Li, Zhen; Nguyen, Binh-Minh; Li, Nan; Zhang, Shixiong; Yoo, Jinkyoung

doi:10.1039/C6NR07681E

Strain-induced structural defects and their effects on the electrochemical performances of silicon core/germanium shell nanowire heterostructures

Journal Article · Wed Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Nanoscale

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NR07681E· OSTI ID:1345930

Lin, Yung-Chen ^[1]; Kim, Dongheun ^[1]; Li, Zhen ^[2]; Nguyen, Binh-Minh ^[1]; ^[1]; Zhang, Shixiong ^[2]; ^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics

Here we report on strain-induced structural defect formation in core Si nanowire of Si/Ge core/shell nanowire heterostructure and influences of the structural defects on the electrochemical performances in lithium-ion battery anodes based on Si/Ge core/shell nanowire heterostructures. The induced structural defects consisting of stacking faults and dislocations in the core Si nanowire were observed for the first time. The generation of stacking faults in Si/Ge core/shell nanowire heterostructure is observed to prefer settling in either only Ge shell region or in both Ge shell and Si core regions and is associated with the increase of the shell volume fraction. The relax of misfit strain in [112] oriented core/shell nanowire heterostructure leads to subsequent gliding of Shockley partial dislocations, preferentially forming the twins. The observation of cross-over defect formation is of great importance for the understanding of heteroepitaxy in radial heterostructures at nanoscale and building the three dimensional heterostructures for the various applications. In addition, the effect of the defect formation on nanomaterial’s functionality is investigated by electrochemical performance test. The Si/Ge core/shell nanowire heterostructures enhance the gravimetric capacity of lithium ion battery anodes under fast charging/discharging rates compared to Si nanowires. However, the induced structural defects hamper lithiation of the Si/Ge core/shell nanowire heterostructure.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1345930

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-23503

Journal Information:: Nanoscale, Journal Name: Nanoscale Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 9; ISSN 2040-3364

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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