Analysis and comparison of biomass pyrolysis/gasification condensates: Final report
This report provides results of chemical and physical analysis of condensates from eleven biomass gasification and pyrolysis systems. The samples were representative of the various reactor configurations being researched within the Department of Energy, Biomass Thermochemical Conversion program. The condensates included tar phases and aqueous phases. The analyses included gross compositional analysis (elemental analysis, ash, moisture), physical characterization (pour point, viscosity, density, heat of combustion, distillation), specific chemical analysis (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, infrared spectrophotometry, proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry) and biological activity (Ames assay and mouse skin tumorigenicity tests). These results are the first step of a longer term program to determine the properties, handling requirements, and utility of the condensates recovered from biomass gasification and pyrolysis. The analytical data demonstrates the wide range of chemical composition of the organics recovered in the condensates and suggests a direct relationship between operating temperature and chemical composition of the condensates. A continuous pathway of thermal degradation of the tar components as a function of temperature is proposed. Variations in the chemical composition of the organic components in the tars are reflected in the physical properties of tars and phase stability in relation to water in the condensate. The biological activity appears to be limited to the tars produced at high temperatures. 56 refs., 25 figs., 21 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 7049810
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-5943; ON: DE87003597
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products. Original copy available until stock is exhausted
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BIOMASS
GASIFICATION
PYROLYSIS
TAR
CARCINOGENESIS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FLUIDIZED BEDS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
INFRARED SPECTRA
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
NAPHTHALENE
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
PH VALUE
PHENOLS
AROMATICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CONDENSED AROMATICS
DATA
DECOMPOSITION
ENERGY SOURCES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
RESONANCE
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SPECTRA
SPECTROSCOPY
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
140504* - Solar Energy Conversion- Biomass Production & Conversion- (-1989)
090122 - Hydrocarbon Fuels- Preparation from Wastes or Biomass- (1976-1989)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology