Ventilation requirements for control of occupancy odor and tobacco smoke odor: laboratory studies. Final report
Experiments on occupancy odor addressed the question of why required ventilation rate per occupant increased progressively with increases in the number of persons in a space. In order to investigate ventilation requirements under approximately ideal conditions, we constructed an aluminum-lined environmental chamber with excellent control over environmental conditions and a ventilation system that provided rapid and uniform mixing of air. Psychophysical experiments on occupancy odor explored 47 different combinations of occupancy density, temperature and humidity, and ventilation rate. The experiments collected judgements both from visitors, who smelled air from the chamber only once every few minutes, and from occupants, who remained in the chamber for an hour at a time. The judgements of visitors revealed that occupancy odor increased only gradually over time and rarely reached very high or objectionable levels. Judgements of occupants also revealed rather minor dissatisfaction. Only during combinations of high temperature and humidity did objectionability become more than a minor issue to either group. Experiments on cigarette smoking explored rates of 4, 8, and 16 cigarettes per hour under various environmental conditions and with ventilation rates as high as 68 cfm (34 L.s/sup -1/) per occupant. As soon as occupants lit cigarettes in the chamber, the odor level increased dramatically. At ventilation rates far greater than necessary to control occupancy odor, the odor from cigarette smoking remained quite intense. In general, the odor proved impossible to control adequately even with a ventilation rate of 68 cfm (34 L.s/sup -1/) per occupant (4 occupants) and even when only one occupant smoked at a time. As in the case of occupancy odor, a combination of high temperature and humidity exacerbated the odor problem.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 6420914
- Report Number(s):
- LBL-12589
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
BUILDINGS
VENTILATION
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
POLLUTION CONTROL
ODOR
TOBACCO SMOKES
ENERGY DEMAND
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HUMIDITY
MAN
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMALS
COLLOIDS
CONTROL
DATA
DEMAND
DISPERSIONS
INFORMATION
MAMMALS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES
POLLUTION
PRIMATES
RESIDUES
SMOKES
SOLS
VERTEBRATES
560400* - Other Environmental Pollutant Effects