Radiological dose assessments in the northern Marshall Islands (1989--1991)
The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is located in the central Pacific Ocean about 3500 km southeast of Hawaii and 4500 km east of Manila, Philippines. It consists of 34 atolls and 2 coral island, having a total land area of about 180 km{sup 2}, distributed over more than 2.5 {times} 10{sup 6} km{sup 2} of ocean. Between 1946 and 1958 the United States conducted nuclear tests there: 43 at Enewetak and 23 at Bikini. Thirty-three years after the cessation of nuclear testing in the RMI, the impact of these operations on the health and radiological safety of the people living in or planing to return to their contaminated homelands is still an important concern. The present Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Marshall Islands Radiological Safety Program (MIRSP) began in 1987 with funding from the US Department of Energy (DOE). The objectives of the MIRSP are to determine the radionuclides present in the bodies of those people potentially exposed to residual radionuclide from weapon tests and fallout, and to assess their present and lifetime dose from external and internal sources. Field bioassay missions involving whole-body counting (WBC) and urine sample collection have, therefore, been important components of the program. WBC is used to measure {gamma}-emitters, such as {sup 40}K, {sup 60}Co and {sup 137}Cs, present in individuals. Urine samples are used to measure {alpha} and {beta}-emitting nuclides, such as {sup 239}Pu and {sup 90}Sr, that are undetectable by WBC routine methods. 6 refs.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH00016
- OSTI ID:
- 5816167
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-45868-Rev.12/91; CONF-920501-12-Rev.1; ON: DE92007174
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 8. international Radiation Protection Association conference, Montreal (Canada), 17-22 May 1992
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Radiological dose assessments in the northern Marshall Islands (1989--1991). Revision
Radiological dose assessments in the northern Marshall Islands (1989--1991)
Related Subjects
61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY
CESIUM 137
RADIATION DETECTION
HUMAN POPULATIONS
RADIATION DOSES
MARSHALL ISLANDS
PLUTONIUM 239
COBALT 60
POTASSIUM 40
RADIOACTIVITY
STRONTIUM 90
URINE
WHOLE-BODY COUNTING
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALKA
ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
BODY FLUIDS
CESIUM ISOTOPES
COBALT ISOTOPES
COUNTING TECHNIQUES
DETECTION
DOSES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
HEAVY NUCLEI
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
ISLANDS
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MATERIALS
MICRONESIA
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NANOSEC LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NUCLEI
OCEANIA
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES
POPULATIONS
POTASSIUM ISOTOPES
RADIOISOTOPES
SPONTANEOUS FISSION RADIOISOTOPES
STRONTIUM ISOTOPES
WASTES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOT
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
560161* - Radionuclide Effects
Kinetics
& Toxicology- Man
560101 - Biomedical Sciences
Applied Studies- Radiation Effects- Dosimetry & Monitoring- (1992-)