Ethylene Carbonate–Free Electrolytes for Stable, Safer High–Nickel Lithium–Ion Batteries

Pan, Ruijun; Cui, Zehao; Yi, Michael; Xie, Qiang; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1002/aenm.202103806

Title: Ethylene Carbonate–Free Electrolytes for Stable, Safer High–Nickel Lithium–Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103806· OSTI ID:1972446

Pan, Ruijun ^[1]; Cui, Zehao ^[1]; Yi, Michael ^[1]; Xie, Qiang ^[1];

^[1]

Univ. of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Ethylene carbonate (EC) is an important component in state-of-the-art electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, EC is highly susceptible to oxidation on the surface of high-nickel layered oxide cathodes, making it undesirable for next-generation high-energy-density LIBs. In this study, a simple, yet effective, EC-free electrolyte (20F1.5M-1TDI) is presented by adding 20 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and 1 wt% lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazole (LiTDI) into 1.5 _M LiPF₆ in an ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) electrolyte. The 20F1.5M-1TDI electrolyte is found to efficiently passivate the graphite anode and stabilize high-nickel cathodes by a synergistic decomposition of FEC and LiTDI. The LiNi_0.9Mn_0.05Al_0.05O₂ (NMA90)/graphite full cell with the 20F1.5M-1TDI electrolyte, therefore, exhibits an enhanced cycling stability and a suppressed voltage hysteresis growth compared to that with an EC-containing baseline electrolyte (1 _M LiPF₆ in EC:EMC, 3:7 in weight, with 2 wt% vinyl carbonate). Advanced analytical tools, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, are employed to understand the underlying working mechanism of the EC-free electrolyte. Furthermore, the present study clearly showcases the great potential of EC-free electrolytes as a straightforward, practical approach for LIBs with high-nickel cathodes.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO); Welch Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008445; F-1254

OSTI ID:: 1972446

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 19; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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