Functional variability in specific root respiration translates to autotrophic differences in soil respiration in a temperate deciduous forest

Aaron Hogan, J.; Labbé, Jessy L.; Carrell, Alyssa A.; Franklin, Jennifer; Hoyt, Kevin P.; Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J.; Baraloto, Christopher; Warren, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116414

Title: Functional variability in specific root respiration translates to autotrophic differences in soil respiration in a temperate deciduous forest

Journal Article · Thu Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Geoderma

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116414· OSTI ID:1960712

Aaron Hogan, J. ^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4]; Hoyt, Kevin P. ^[5];

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Florida International Univ. (FIU), Miami, FL (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Invaio Sciences, Cambridge, MA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Forest Resources AgResearch and Education Center
Florida International Univ. (FIU), Miami, FL (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute

CO₂ release from forest soils (R_s) is a prominent flux in the global carbon cycle. Rs is derived from roots (autotrophic respiration, R_a) and microbial (heterotrophic) respiration and is highly dynamic, as it depends on edaphic and environmental conditions as well as root functional traits and microbial community composition. It is unclear how root functional traits affect root and microbial respiration rates; however, their consideration may help parse out the relative contributions of root and microbial respiration to R_s. At a temperate forest site, root systems of 3–4 functional root orders and their surrounding surface soil were carefully excavated and placed into custom trays designed to repeatedly measure R_s in situ on eight temperate tree species that varied in their root functional strategies and mycorrhizal affinity. R_s was measured bi-weekly to monthly for nearly one year using a custom chamber attached to a gas exchange system. R_s varied over time, ranging from 0.3 to 12 µmol m^-2 s^-1. Comparable root systems of the same species were excised from the soil and specific root respiration rates (R_r) were measured. Rr ranged from 2.5 to 9.0 nmol g^-1 s^-1 and was negatively correlated with root tissue density and positively related to root tissue nitrogen concentration. Using R_r to estimate R_a, we estimate that R_a accounts for <10%, on average 2–3%, of R_s for individual root systems (averaging 1.2 g dry biomass) housed in surrounding soil (average 1.3 kg dry mass) in situ; thus, Ra was roughly 20 times greater than Rh per unit mass. The contribution of R_a peaked in the fall and coincided with leaf senescence of the forest canopy. A soil-sterilizing experimental treatment designed to help isolate R_a in situ reduced bacterial biomass and shifted fungal community composition, but there was no reduction in Rs of the in-situ root-soil tray systems. The relative R_a to R_s ratio increased with root functional strategies characterized by greater specific root length and tip abundance, but also to greater root tissue density. The ratio of R_a to R_s also increased with warmer soil temperatures and decreased slightly with increasing soil moisture. We discuss how incorporating root functional traits as modulators of the autotrophic contribution to R_s could be considered when modeling total soil CO₂ efflux from forests.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1960712

Journal Information:: Geoderma, Vol. 432, Issue 1; ISSN 0016-7061

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Functional variability in specific root respiration translates to autotrophic differences in soil respiration in a temperate deciduous forest

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