Electrochemical, thermodynamic, and physical properties of tetradecyltrihexylphosphonium ([P_{6,6, 6,14}]⁺) and methyl-propyl piperidinium containing ionic liquids and their propylene carbonate solutions

Journal Article · Sat Jan 29 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Journal of Molecular Liquids

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118607· OSTI ID:1908250

Rodriguez, Rene G. ^[1]; Baek, Donna L.  ^[2]; Orme, Kennalee ^[2]; Case, Mary E.  ^[2]; Fox, Robert V.  ^[2]

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1. Idaho State Univ., Pocatello, ID (United States)
2. Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States). Critical Materials Institute

Here, the viscosity, conductivity, electrochemical window and related thermodynamic properties such as excess volume and dynamic viscosity deviation of two phosphonium ionic liquids were measured and calculated for “as-supplied” and dried neat liquids and also v/v mixtures of 99/1, 95/5, 90/10, 75/25, and 50/50 of the ionic liquids with propylene carbonate (PC). Tetradecyltrihexylphosphonium dicyanamide ([P_6,6,6,14]⁺dicyanamide), Cyphos 105, and tetradecyltrihexylphosphonium bis(trifluororomethanesulfonyl)imide (called bistriflimide) ([P_6,6,6,14]⁺bistriflimide), Cyphos 109, ionic liquids were studied. Generally speaking, there were slight differences in the measured properties of the wet and dried IL solutions which were reflected in differences if the calculated properties. The measured and calculated properties were compared with those collected and derived from a piperidinium-based ionic liquid, methyl-propyl piperidinium bistriflimide. Arrhenius plots for both the viscosity and conductivity were linear, with the linearity of the Litovitz plots being slightly higher. The viscosity and conductivity of the phosphonium solutions yielded Walden Plots that differed from Walden plots of piperidinium solutions and other ionic liquid solutions. For the phosphonium based ionic liquids, the ionicity was found to increase with increasing dilution in propylene carbonate. The electrochemical windows of the ionic liquids were determined as a function of the concentration of the ionic liquid present in the solution. The size of the window generally initially decreased and then increased with the addition of PC for the [P_6,6,6,14]⁺dicyanamide ionic liquid increasing from 3.4 V in the 95/5 v/v (volume Cyphos 105) to volume of PC solvent) to 3.7 in the 50/50 dried IL case. The electrochemical windows of the dried liquids were slightly larger 3.5 V for the 95/5 v/v and 4.2 V for the 50/50 v/v Cyphos 105/PC solutions. The electrochemical window was larger and the conductivity was higher for the piperidinium IL solutions, but since the ionicity increases with dilution, the phosphonium based IL solutions may prove favorable for processes such as electrochemical reduction.

• Research Organization: Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC07-05ID14517; DE AC07 05ID14517
• OSTI ID: 1908250
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1868587
• Report Number(s): INL/JOU-20-60767-Rev001; TRN: US2312026
• Journal Information: Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 352; ISSN 0167-7322
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
ionic liquid
Walden plot
viscosity
phosphonium
conductivity