Deeply conserved synteny and the evolution of metazoan chromosomes

Simakov, Oleg; Bredeson, Jessen; Berkoff, Kodiak; Marletaz, Ferdinand; Mitros, Therese; Schultz, Darrin T.; O’Connell, Brendan L.; Dear, Paul; Martinez, Daniel E.; Steele, Robert E.; Green, Richard E.; David, Charles N.; Rokhsar, Daniel S.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abi5884

Title: Deeply conserved synteny and the evolution of metazoan chromosomes

Journal Article · Wed Feb 02 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abi5884· OSTI ID:1904095

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University of Vienna (Austria)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna (Okinawa ); University College London (United Kingdom)
University of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States); Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA (United States)
University of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
Mote Research Ltd, Cambridge (United Kingdom)
Pomona College, Claremont, CA (United States)
University of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich (Germany)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna (Okinawa); Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Joint Genome Institute (JGI)

Animal genomes show networks of deeply conserved gene linkages whose phylogenetic scope and chromosomal context remain unclear. Here, we report chromosome-scale conservation of synteny among bilaterians, cnidarians, and sponges and use comparative analysis to reconstruct ancestral chromosomes across major animal groups. Comparisons among diverse metazoans reveal the processes of chromosome evolution that produced contemporary karyotypes from their Precambrian progenitors. On the basis of these findings, we introduce a simple algebraic representation of chromosomal change and use it to establish a unified systematic framework for metazoan chromosome evolution. We find that fusion-with-mixing, a previously unappreciated mode of chromosome change, has played a central role. We find that relicts of several metazoan chromosomal units are preserved in unicellular eukaryotes. These conserved pre-metazoan linkages include the chromosomal unit that encodes the most diverse set of metazoan homeobox genes, suggesting a candidate genomic context for the early diversification of this key gene family.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Joint Genome Institute (JGI)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF); University of California, Irvine; Marthella Foskett Brown Chair; Austrian Science Fund (FWF); European Research Council (ERC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; RO1 HD080708; DEB-1542679; P30CA-062203; 1S10RR025496-01; 1S10OD010794-01; 1S10OD021718-01; P32190; 945026

OSTI ID:: 1904095

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 5; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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