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Title: Heinz-resistant tomato cultivars exhibit a lignin-based resistance to field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) parasitism

Journal Article · · Plant Physiology (Bethesda)
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [7]
  1. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)
  2. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); The Better Meat Co., West Sacramento, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Nanjing Normal University (China)
  4. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Dark Heart Nursery, Davis, CA (United States)
  5. Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  6. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Univ. of Tokyo (Japan)
  7. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
  8. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Cuscuta species (dodders) are agriculturally destructive, parasitic angiosperms. These parasitic plants use haustoria as physiological bridges to extract nutrients and water from hosts. Cuscuta campestris has a broad host range and wide geographical distribution. While some wild tomato relatives are resistant, cultivated tomatoes are generally susceptible to C. campestris infestations. However, some specific Heinz tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid cultivars exhibit resistance to dodders in the field, but their defense mechanism was previously unknown. Here, we discovered that the stem cortex in these resistant lines responds with local lignification upon C. campestris attachment, preventing parasite entry into the host. Lignin Induction Factor 1 (LIF1, an AP2-like transcription factor), SlMYB55, and Cuscuta R-gene for Lignin-based Resistance 1, a CC-NBS-LRR (CuRLR1) are identified as factors that confer host resistance by regulating lignification. SlWRKY16 is upregulated upon C. campestris infestation and potentially negatively regulates LIF1 function. Intriguingly, CuRLR1 may play a role in signaling or function as an intracellular receptor for receiving Cuscuta signals or effectors, thereby regulating lignification-based resistance. In summary, these four regulators control the lignin-based resistance response in specific Heinz tomato cultivars, preventing C. campestris from parasitizing resistant tomatoes. This discovery provides a foundation for investigating multilayer resistance against Cuscuta species and has potential for application in other essential crops attacked by parasitic plants.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDA; National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); Taiwan Government; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1891488
Journal Information:
Plant Physiology (Bethesda), Vol. 189, Issue 1; ISSN 0032-0889
Publisher:
American Society of Plant BiologistsCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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