Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Abareshi, B.; Aguilar, J.; Ahlen, S.; Alam, Shadab; Alexander, David M.; Alfarsy, R.; Allen, L.; Prieto, C. Allende; Alves, O.; Ameel, J.; Armengaud, E.; Asorey, J.; Aviles, Alejandro; Bailey, S.; Balaguera-Antolínez, A.; Ballester, O.; Baltay, C.; Bault, A.; Beltran, S. F.; Benavides, B.; BenZvi, S.; Berti, A.; Besuner, R.; Beutler, Florian; Bianchi, D.; Blake, C.; Blanc, P.; Blum, R.; Bolton, A.; Bose, S.; Bramall, D.; Brieden, S.; Brodzeller, A.; Brooks, D.; Brownewell, C.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Cahn, R. N.; Cai, Z.; Canning, R.; Capasso, R.; Rosell, A. Carnero; Carton, P.; Casas, R.; Castander, F. J.; Cervantes-Cota, J. L.; Chabanier, S.; Chaussidon, E.; Chuang, C.; Circosta, C.; Cole, S.; Cooper, A. P.; Costa, L. da; Cousinou, M. -C.; Cuceu, A.; Davis, T. M.; Dawson, K.; Cruz-Noriega, R. la; Macorra, A. la; Mattia, A. de; Costa, J. Della; Demmer, P.; Derwent, M.; Dey, A.; Dey, B.; Dhungana, G.; Ding, Z.; Dobson, C.; Doel, P.; Donald-McCann, J.; Donaldson, J.; Douglass, K.; Duan, Y.; Dunlop, P.; Edelstein, J.; Eftekharzadeh, S.; Eisenstein, D. J.; Enriquez-Vargas, M.; Escoffier, S.; Evatt, M.; Fagrelius, P.; Fan, X.; Fanning, K.; Fawcett, V. A.; Ferraro, S.; Ereza, J.; Flaugher, B.; Font-Ribera, A.; Forero-Romero, J. E.; Frenk, C. S.; Fromenteau, S.; Gänsicke, B. T.; Garcia-Quintero, C.; Garrison, L.; Gaztañaga, E.; Gerardi, F.; Gil-Marín, H.; A Gontcho, S. Gontcho; Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X.; Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G.; Gonzalez-Perez, V.; Gordon, C.; Graur, O.; Green, D.; Grove, C.; Gruen, D.; Gutierrez, G.; Guy, J.; Hahn, C.; Harris, S.; Herrera, D.; Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K.; Honscheid, K.; Howlett, C.; Huterer, D.; Iršič, V.; Ishak, M.; Jelinsky, P.; Jiang, L.; Jimenez, J.; Jing, Y. P.; Joyce, R.; Jullo, E.; Juneau, S.; Karaçaylı, N. G.; Karamanis, M.; Karcher, A.; Karim, T.; Kehoe, R.; Kent, S.; Kirkby, D.; Kisner, T.; Kitaura, F.; Koposov, S. E.; Kovács, A.; Kremin, A.; Krolewski, Alex; L’Huillier, B.; Lahav, O.; Lambert, A.; Lamman, C.; Lan, Ting-Wen; Landriau, M.; Lane, S.; Lang, D.; Lange, J. U.; Lasker, J.; Guillou, L. Le; Leauthaud, A.; Van Suu, A. Le; Levi, Michael E.; Li, T. S.; Magneville, C.; Manera, M.; Manser, Christopher J.; Marshall, B.; Martini, Paul; McCollam, W.; McDonald, P.; Meisner, Aaron M.; Mena-Fernández, J.; Meneses-Rizo, J.; Mezcua, M.; Miller, T.; Miquel, R.; Montero-Camacho, P.; Moon, J.; Moustakas, J.; Mueller, E.; Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea; Myers, Adam D.; Nadathur, S.; Najita, J.; Napolitano, L.; Neilsen, E.; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Nie, J. D.; Ning, Y.; Niz, G.; Norberg, P.; Noriega, Hernán E.; O’Brien, T.; Obuljen, A.; Palanque-Delabrouille, N.; Palmese, A.; Zhiwei, P.; Pappalardo, D.; PENG, X.; Percival, W. J.; Perruchot, S.; Pogge, R.; Poppett, C.; Porredon, A.; Prada, F.; Prochaska, J.; Pucha, R.; Pérez-Fernández, A.; Pérez-Ràfols, I.; Rabinowitz, D.; Raichoor, A.; Ramirez-Solano, S.; Ramírez-Pérez, César; Ravoux, C.; Reil, K.; Rezaie, M.; Rocher, A.; Rockosi, C.; Roe, N. A.; Roodman, A.; Ross, A. J.; Rossi, G.; Ruggeri, R.; Ruhlmann-Kleider, V.; Sabiu, C. G.; Safonova, S.; Said, K.; Saintonge, A.; Catonga, Javier Salas; Samushia, L.; Sanchez, E.; Saulder, C.; Schaan, E.; Schlafly, E.; Schlegel, D.; Schmoll, J.; Scholte, D.; Schubnell, M.; Secroun, A.; Seo, H.; Serrano, S.; Sharples, Ray M.; Sholl, Michael J.; Silber, Joseph Harry; Silva, D. R.; Sirk, M.; Siudek, M.; Smith, A.; Sprayberry, D.; Staten, R.; Stupak, B.; Tan, T.; Tarlé, Gregory; Tie, Suk Sien; Tojeiro, R.; Ureña-López, L. A.; Valdes, F.; Valenzuela, O.; Valluri, M.; Vargas-Magaña, M.; Verde, L.; Walther, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, M. S.; Weaver, B. A.; Weaverdyck, C.; Wechsler, R.; Wilson, Michael J.; Yang, J.; Yu, Y.; Yuan, S.; Yèche, Christophe; Zhang, H.; Zhang, K.; Zhao, Cheng; Zhou, Rongpu; Zhou, Zhimin; Zou, H.; Zou, J.; Zou, S.; Zu, Y.

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac882b

Title: Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Journal Article · Thu Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · The Astronomical Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac882b· OSTI ID:1869965

Abareshi, B.;

;

; Alfarsy, R.;

;

; Alves, O.;

; Armengaud, E.;

; Aviles, Alejandro;

;

; Baltay, C.;

;

; Benavides, B. more »

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) embarked on an ambitious 5 yr survey in 2021 May to explore the nature of dark energy with spectroscopic measurements of 40 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will determine precise redshifts and employ the baryon acoustic oscillation method to measure distances from the nearby universe to beyond redshift z > 3.5, and employ redshift space distortions to measure the growth of structure and probe potential modifications to general relativity. We describe the significant instrumentation we developed to conduct the DESI survey. This includes: a wide-field, 3_{$$_.^°$$}2 diameter prime-focus corrector; a focal plane system with 5020 fiber positioners on the 0.812 m diameter, aspheric focal surface; 10 continuous, high-efficiency fiber cable bundles that connect the focal plane to the spectrographs; and 10 identical spectrographs. Each spectrograph employs a pair of dichroics to split the light into three channels that together record the light from 360–980 nm with a spectral resolution that ranges from 2000–5000. We describe the science requirements, their connection to the technical requirements, the management of the project, and interfaces between subsystems. DESI was installed at the 4 m Mayall Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory and has achieved all of its performance goals. Some performance highlights include an rms positioner accuracy of better than 0_{$$_.^"$$}1 and a median signal-to-noise ratio of 7 of the [O ii] doublet at 8 × 10^–17 erg ^–1 cm^–2 in 1000 s for galaxies at z = 1.4–1.6. We conclude with additional highlights from the on-sky validation and commissioning, key successes, and lessons learned.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Organization:: DESI Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; SC0008475; SC0019193

OSTI ID:: 1869965

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1901724; OSTI ID: 1974525

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-22-436-PPD; arXiv:2205.10939; oai:inspirehep.net:2086621; TRN: US2306480

Journal Information:: The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 164, Issue 5; ISSN 0004-6256

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: mapping the distance-redshift relation with baryon acoustic oscillations: WiggleZ Survey: BAOs in redshift slices Blake, Chris; Kazin, Eyal A.; Beutler, Florian Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 418, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19592.x	journal	October 2011
DESI commissioning instrument metrology Coles, Rebecca A.; Tie, Suk Sien; Ross, Ashley J. Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation III https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312592	conference	July 2018
A new image acquisition system for the Kitt Peak National Observatory Mosaic-1 imager Sawyer, David G.; Daly, Philip N.; Howell, Steve B. SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857619	conference	July 2010

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