Electrochromic Properties of Perovskite NdNiO3 Thin Films for Smart Windows

Sun, Yifei; Wang, Qi; Park, Tae Joon; Gage, Thomas Edward; Zhang, Zhen; Wang, Xuejing; Zhang, Di; Sun, Xing; He, Jiazhi; Zhou, Hua; Lim, Daw Gen; Huang, Chengzi; Yu, Haoming; Chen, Xuegang; Wang, Haiyan; Mei, Jianguo; Deguns, Eric; Ramanathan, Shriram

doi:10.1021/acsaelm.1c00030

Title: Electrochromic Properties of Perovskite NdNiO₃ Thin Films for Smart Windows

Journal Article · Wed Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · ACS Applied Electronic Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.1c00030· OSTI ID:1839085

^[1];

^[1]; Park, Tae Joon ^[1]; Gage, Thomas Edward ^[2]; Zhang, Zhen ^[1]; Wang, Xuejing ^[1]; Zhang, Di ^[1]; Sun, Xing ^[1]; He, Jiazhi ^[1];

^[2]; Lim, Daw Gen ^[1]; Huang, Chengzi ^[1]; Yu, Haoming ^[1]; Chen, Xuegang ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Deguns, Eric ^[3]; Ramanathan, Shriram ^[1]

Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Veeco ALD, Waltham, MA (United States)

Semiconductors with electrically tunable band gaps are of great interest in controlling transparency to electromagnetic radiation. Thin films of perovskite nickelate NdNiO₃ (NNO), a class of correlated oxides, were deposited on single-crystal (LaAlO₃ (LAO)) and polycrystalline (fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated glass (FTO)) substrates by magnetron sputtering, chemical solution deposition (CSD), and atomic layer deposition (ALD). Their electrochromic behaviors were investigated using a three-electrode setup in basic (KOH solution, pH = 12) electrolyte. During bleaching/coloration process, the proton intercalation/deintercalation and simultaneous electron compensation in the NNO lattice under electrical bias led to crossover of the material between the pristine-conducting phase (Ni³⁺) and the strongly correlated insulating phase (Ni²⁺), which serves as the working principle for electrochromic (tunable opacity in the visible range) behavior. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans demonstrate that NNO films are electrochemically stable in basic solutions for all three film deposition methods explored here. CV scans at varying rates enabled the extraction of diffusion coefficient of protons in thin film NNO, which is similar to 10^–7 cm² s^–1 among all films studied. Large light transmittance modulation by bleaching and coloration was observed on films grown on both LAO and FTO substrates, suggesting its potential as an electrochromic material candidate for smart windows and optical shutter applications. Here, porous NNO films obtained by chemical solution deposition tend to demonstrate stronger electrochromic activity than dense films grown by sputtering or ALD.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1839085

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Electronic Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 4; ISSN 2637-6113

Publisher:: ACS PublicationsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
electrochromic
perovskite
nickelate
thin film
strongly correlated
smart windows
tunable optics

Title: Electrochromic Properties of Perovskite NdNiO3 Thin Films for Smart Windows

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Title: Electrochromic Properties of Perovskite NdNiO₃ Thin Films for Smart Windows