Laboratory Evaluation of the Thermal Breakout Method for Maximum Horizontal Stress Measurement

Trzeciak, Maciej; Sone, Hiroki; Voegeli, Samuel; Bate, Charlotte E.; Wang, Herbert

doi:10.1007/s00603-021-02617-6

Title: Laboratory Evaluation of the Thermal Breakout Method for Maximum Horizontal Stress Measurement

Journal Article · Mon Oct 04 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02617-6· OSTI ID:1838032

^[1]; Sone, Hiroki ^[1]; Voegeli, Samuel ^[2]; Bate, Charlotte E. ^[1]; Wang, Herbert ^[1]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
RESPEC, Rapid City, SD (United States)

Measuring in situ stress is essential for many problems in geomechanics, and the maximum horizontal stress is the most difficult to constrain. We are developing an extension of the breakout method to measure maximum horizontal stress in regions where natural breakouts do not occur. In the novel thermal breakout method, additional compression which leads to breakout development is induced by heating the borehole wall. In the present study, we validated the method experimentally in a true-triaxial apparatus on samples with predrilled boreholes. Two rocks were selected for laboratory testing: high-porosity Berea sandstone and low-porosity Niagaran dolomite. Prior to main true-triaxial tests, we carried out standard testing to characterize the strength, elasticity and thermal properties. The true-triaxial experiments consisted of: (1) room-temperature tests where samples were first loaded mechanically until the breakout formed, and (2) elevated-temperature tests where samples were loaded mechanically within the elastic range with additional compression induced thermally. Breakout initiation was monitored by acoustic emission sensors mounted on the pistons that applied horizontal stresses. Furthermore, the magnitude of induced thermal stress was calculated from temperature measurements around the borehole wall. In both rock types, we created thermally induced breakouts and examined analytical expressions to constrain maximum horizontal stress based on strength, elastic and thermal properties of the rocks.

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Research Organization:: RESPEC, Rapid City, SD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0031688

OSTI ID:: 1838032

Journal Information:: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 55; ISSN 0723-2632

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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