Heat transfer and pseudo phase transition for low-Reynolds, mixed-convection channel flow in the supercritical thermodynamic regime

Barney, R.; Nourgaliev, R.; McCallen, R.; Delplanque, J. -P.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121572

Title: Heat transfer and pseudo phase transition for low-Reynolds, mixed-convection channel flow in the supercritical thermodynamic regime

Journal Article · Fri Jul 09 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121572· OSTI ID:1815363

^[1]; Nourgaliev, R. ^[2]; McCallen, R. ^[2];

^[2]

Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Fluids at supercritical thermodynamic conditions are inherently complex due to the large variations in thermodynamic and transport properties. Multiple recent numerical and experimental investigations indicate ongoing interest for these fluids, especially supercritical CO and supercritical water, for a variety of applications. The potential heat transfer benefits in this regime are directly influenced by the extreme variations in thermodynamic and transport properties, which occur at, and above, the critical point. Limited studies have been conducted for low-Reynolds/intermediate-Rayleigh numbers mixed-convection channel flow of supercritical water, which is the focus of this study. To investigate the thermally driven hydrodynamic instabilities in this regime, we use a high-order fully-implicit numerical method. As expected, in this channel configuration and flow regime, a competition arises between the forced and the natural convection. Buoyancy, driven by the thermal gradient at the wall, pushes the fluid upwards in the channel, while inertial forces drive the fluid from inlet to outlet. We observe significant differences in the heat transfer coefficient between the top and bottom walls of the channel flow, due to natural convection, and unstable plumes. We further quantify the buoyancy forces along the channel flow through evaluation of the Richardson number. Simulations show that with a higher negative Richardson number, there are more unstable structures along the channel, resulting in enhanced mixing. Furthermore, we demonstrate the existence of gas-like, liquid-like, and the possibility of pseudo-two-phase regimes in the supercritical fluid. The pseudo-two-phase regime occurs when the range of fluid temperatures is crossing the pseudo-critical line, also known as the Widom line. The density of the fluid varies significantly near the Widom line, and further influences the natural convection and heat transfer in the flow.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1815363

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-817726; 1027278

Journal Information:: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 178; ISSN 0017-9310

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Heat transfer and pseudo phase transition for low-Reynolds, mixed-convection channel flow in the supercritical thermodynamic regime

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