Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties

Kohl, Lukas; Myers‐Pigg, Allison; Edwards, Kate A.; Billings, Sharon A.; Warren, Jamie; Podrebarac, Frances A.; Ziegler, Susan E.

doi:10.1111/gcb.15420

Title: Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties

Journal Article · Mon Nov 16 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Global Change Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15420· OSTI ID:1812728

^[1];

^[2]; Edwards, Kate A. ^[3]; Billings, Sharon A. ^[4]; Warren, Jamie ^[5]; Podrebarac, Frances A. ^[5];

^[5]

Memorial Univ., St. Johns, NL (Canada). Dept. of Earth Sciences; Univ. of Helsinki (Finland). Dept. of Agricultural Sciences; Univ. of Helsinki (Finland). Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research - Forest Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry
Memorial Univ., St. Johns, NL (Canada). Dept. of Earth Sciences; Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Natural Resources Canada, Corner Brook NL (Canada). Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre
Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, KS (United States). Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Kansas Biological Survey
Memorial Univ., St. Johns, NL (Canada). Dept. of Earth Sciences

Plant litter chemistry is altered during decomposition but it remains unknown if these alterations, and thus the composition of residual litter, will change in response to climate. Selective microbial mineralization of litter components and the accumulation of microbial necromass can drive litter compositional change, but the extent to which these mechanisms respond to climate remains poorly understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by studying needle litter decomposition along a boreal forest climate transect. Specifically, we investigated how the composition and/or metabolism of the decomposer community varies with climate, and if that variation is associated with distinct modifications of litter chemistry during decomposition. We analyzed the composition of microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) in the litter layer and measured natural abundance δ¹³CPLFA values as an integrated measure of microbial metabolisms. Changes in litter chemistry and δ¹³C values were measured in litterbag experiments conducted at each transect site. A warmer climate was associated with higher litter nitrogen concentrations as well as altered microbial community structure (lower fungi:bacteria ratios) and microbial metabolism (higher δ¹³CPLFA). Litter in warmer transect regions accumulated less aliphatic-C (lipids, waxes) and retained more O-alkyl-C (carbohydrates), consistent with enhanced ¹³C-enrichment in residual litter, than in colder regions. These results suggest that chemical changes during litter decomposition will change with climate, driven primarily by indirect climate effects (e.g. greater nitrogen availability and decreased fungi:bacteria ratios) rather than direct temperature effects. A positive correlation between microbial biomass δ¹³C values and ¹³C-enrichment during decomposition suggests that change in litter chemistry is driven more by distinct microbial necromass inputs than differences in the selective removal of litter components. Our study highlights the role that microbial inputs during early litter decomposition can play in shaping surface litter contribution to soil organic matter as it responds to climate warming effects such as greater nitrogen availability.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canadian Forest Service; Center for Forestry Science and Innovation; Canada Research Chairs

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; SPG-479224-15; RGPIN-341863)

OSTI ID:: 1812728

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-162887

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Vol. 27, Issue 2; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties

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