Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3

Kim, Chung Koo; Denlinger, Jonathan D.; Kundu, Asish K.; Gu, Genda; Valla, Tonica

doi:10.1063/5.0039059

Title: Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Cr_x(Bi_0.1Sb_0.9)_2-xTe₃

Journal Article · Wed Feb 24 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0039059· OSTI ID:1781515

Kim, Chung Koo ^[1]; Denlinger, Jonathan D. ^[2];

^[1]; Gu, Genda ^[1];

^[1]

Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)

Magnetism breaks the time-reversal symmetry expected to open a Dirac gap in 3D topological insulators that consequently leads to the quantum anomalous Hall effect. The most common approach of inducing a ferromagnetic state is by doping magnetic 3d elements into the bulk of 3D topological insulators. In Cr_0.15(Bi_0.1Sb_0.9)_1.85Te₃, the material where the quantum anomalous Hall effect was initially discovered at temperatures much lower than the ferromagnetic transition, T_C, the scanning tunneling microscopy studies have reported a large Dirac gap of ~20–100 meV. The discrepancy between the low temperature of quantum anomalous Hall effect (<_C) and large spectroscopic Dirac gaps (>>T_C) found in magnetic topological insulators remains puzzling. Here, we used angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study the surface electronic structure of the pristine and potassium doped surface of Cr_0.15(Bi_0.1Sb_0.9)_1.85Te₃. Upon potassium deposition, the p-type surface state of the pristine sample was turned into an n-type, allowing the spectroscopic observation of Dirac point. Finally, we find a gapless surface state, with no evidence of a large Dirac gap reported in tunneling studies.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1781515

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1767327

Report Number(s):: BNL-221357-2021-JAAM; TRN: US2209920

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 129, Issue 8; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (31)

Massive Dirac Fermion on the Surface of a Magnetically Doped Topological Insulator Chen, Y. L.; Chu, J. - H.; Analytis, J. G. Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5992 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1189924	journal	August 2010
Topological insulators and superconductors Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, Shou-Cheng Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.83.1057	journal	October 2011
Coexistence of Surface Ferromagnetism and a Gapless Topological State in ${MnBi}_{2} {Te}_{4}$ Nevola, D.; Li, H. X.; Yan, J. -Q. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 125, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.117205	journal	September 2020
Gapless Surface Dirac Cone in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator ${MnBi}_{2} {Te}_{4}$ Hao, Yu-Jie; Liu, Pengfei; Feng, Yue Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.041038	journal	November 2019
Dirac Surface States in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Insulators EuSn 2 As 2 and MnBi 2 n Te 3 n + 1 Li, Hang; Gao, Shun-Ye; Duan, Shao-Feng Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.041039	journal	November 2019
Photoemission Spectroscopy of Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Impurities on the Surface of the ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Topological Insulator Valla, T.; Pan, Z. -H.; Gardner, D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.117601	journal	March 2012
Chemical Aspects of the Candidate Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ Zeugner, Alexander; Nietschke, Frederik; Wolter, Anja U. B. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b05017	journal	March 2019
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234414	journal	March 2013
Momentum-resolved Landau-level spectroscopy of Dirac surface state in ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Hanaguri, T.; Igarashi, K.; Kawamura, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.081305	journal	August 2010
Gapless Dirac surface states in the antiferromagnetic topological insulator ${MnBi}_{2} {Te}_{4}$ Swatek, Przemyslaw; Wu, Yun; Wang, Lin-Lin Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.161109	journal	April 2020
Nonmagnetic band gap at the Dirac point of the magnetic topological insulator (Bi1−xMnx)2Se3 Sánchez-Barriga, J.; Varykhalov, A.; Springholz, G. Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10559	journal	February 2016
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulator phases in the Sb doped MnBi2Te4 bulks and thin flakes Chen, Bo; Fei, Fucong; Zhang, Dongqin Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12485-y	journal	October 2019
Robust axion insulator and Chern insulator phases in a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic topological insulator Liu, Chang; Wang, Yongchao; Li, Hao Nature Materials https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0573-3	journal	January 2020
Quantum anomalous Hall effect in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ Deng, Yujun; Yu, Yijun; Shi, Meng Zhu Science, Vol. 367, Issue 6480 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax8156	journal	January 2020
Quantum anomalous Hall effect He, Ke; Wang, Yayu; Xue, Qi-Kun National Science Review, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwt029	journal	December 2013
Topological Electronic Structure and Its Temperature Evolution in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 Chen, Y. J.; Xu, L. X.; Li, J. H. Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.041040	journal	November 2019
Nature of the Dirac gap modulation and surface magnetic interaction in axion antiferromagnetic topological insulator $${\hbox {MnBi}}_2 {\hbox {Te}}_4$$ Shikin, A. M.; Estyunin, D. A.; Klimovskikh, I. I. Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70089-9	journal	August 2020
Simultaneous Quantization of Bulk Conduction and Valence States through Adsorption of Nonmagnetic Impurities on ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Bianchi, Marco; Hatch, Richard C.; Mi, Jianli Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.086802	journal	August 2011
Imaging Dirac-mass disorder from magnetic dopant atoms in the ferromagnetic topological insulator Cr _x (Bi _0.1 Sb _0.9 ) _2-x Te ₃ Lee, Inhee; Kim, Chung Koo; Lee, Jinho Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1424322112	journal	January 2015
Dirac mass generation from crystal symmetry breaking on the surfaces of topological crystalline insulators Zeljkovic, Ilija; Okada, Yoshinori; Serbyn, Maksym Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4215	journal	February 2015
Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407	journal	March 2008
Quasiparticle interference on the surface of the topological crystalline insulator Pb $_{1 - x}$ Sn $_{x}$ Se Gyenis, A.; Drozdov, I. K.; Nadj-Perge, S. Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.125414	journal	September 2013
A topological insulator surface under strong Coulomb, magnetic and disorder perturbations Wray, L. Andrew; Xu, Su-Yang; Xia, Yuqi Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1838	journal	December 2010
Prediction and observation of an antiferromagnetic topological insulator Otrokov, M. M.; Klimovskikh, I. I.; Bentmann, H. Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1840-9	journal	December 2019
Imaging standing waves in a two-dimensional electron gas Crommie, M. F.; Lutz, C. P.; Eigler, D. M. Nature, Vol. 363, Issue 6429 https://doi.org/10.1038/363524a0	journal	June 1993
Hedgehog spin texture and Berry’s phase tuning in a magnetic topological insulator Xu, Su-Yang; Neupane, Madhab; Liu, Chang Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2351	journal	June 2012
Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators Yu, R.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, H. -J. Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5987 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1187485	journal	June 2010
A New Magnetic Topological Quantum Material Candidate by Design Gui, Xin; Pletikosic, Ivo; Cao, Huibo ACS Central Science https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00202	journal	April 2019
Large magnetic gap at the Dirac point in Bi2Te3/MnBi2Te4 heterostructures Rienks, E. D. L.; Wimmer, S.; Sánchez-Barriga, J. Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1826-7	journal	December 2019
Cross-axis adaptation improves 3D vestibulo-ocular reflex alignment during chronic stimulation via a head-mounted multichannel vestibular prosthesis Dai, Chenkai; Fridman, Gene Y.; Chiang, Bryce Experimental Brain Research, Vol. 210, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2591-5	journal	March 2011
Prospective Associations of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Leptin-Adiponectin Ratio with Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Lee, Kyung Won; Shin, Dayeon International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 17, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093287	journal	May 2020

Similar Records

Severe Dirac Mass Gap Suppression in Sb₂Te₃-Based Quantum Anomalous Hall Materials

Journal Article · Mon Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nano Letters · OSTI ID:1781515

Chong, Yi Xue; Liu, Xiaolong; Sharma, Rahul; +5 more

Magnetic modulation doping in topological insulators toward higher-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect

Journal Article · Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Applied Physics Letters · OSTI ID:1781515

Yoshimi, R.; Yasuda, K.; Kozuka, Y.; +4 more

Realizing gapped surface states in the magnetic topological insulator

Mn {Bi}_{2 - x} {Sb}_{x} {Te}_{4}

Journal Article · Thu Sep 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review B · OSTI ID:1781515

Ko, Wonhee; Kolmer, Marek; Yan, Jiaqiang; +7 more

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
topological materials and devices

Title: Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3

Citation Formats

References (31)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Cr_x(Bi_0.1Sb_0.9)_2-xTe₃