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Title: Structure of 3-mercaptopropionic acid dioxygenase with a substrate analog reveals bidentate substrate binding at the iron center

Journal Article · · Journal of Biological Chemistry
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5];  [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry
  2. Univ. of Texas, Arlington, TX (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry
  3. Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States). Dept. of Pharmacology
  4. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
  5. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Depts. of Biological Structure and Biochemistry
  6. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). School of Medicine, Dept. of Ophthalmology
  7. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). School of Medicine, Dept. of Ophthalmology; Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). School of Medicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics; VA Long Beach Healthcare System, CA (United States). Research Service

Thiol dioxygenases are a subset of nonheme iron oxygenases that catalyze the formation of sulfinic acids from sulfhydryl-containing substrates and dioxygen. Among this class, cysteine dioxygenases (CDOs) and 3-mercaptopropionic acid dioxygenases (3MDOs) are the best characterized, and the mode of substrate binding for CDOs is well understood. However, the manner in which 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA) coordinates to the nonheme iron site in 3MDO remains a matter of debate. A model for bidentate 3MPA coordination at the 3MDO Fe-site has been proposed on the basis of computational docking, whereas steady-state kinetics and EPR spectroscopic measurements suggest a thiolate-only coordination of the substrate. To address this gap in knowledge, we determined the structure of Azobacter vinelandii 3MDO (Av3MDO) in complex with the substrate analog and competitive inhibitor, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HPA). The structure together with DFT computational modeling demonstrates that 3HPA and 3MPA associate with iron as chelate complexes with the substrate-carboxylate group forming an additional interaction with Arg168 and the thiol bound at the same position as in CDO. A chloride ligand was bound to iron in the coordination site assigned as the O2-binding site. Supporting HYSCORE spectroscopic experiments were performed on the (3MPA/NO)-bound Av3MDO iron nitrosyl (S = 3/2) site. In combination with spectroscopic simulations and optimized DFT models, this work provides an experimentally verified model of the Av3MDO enzyme–substrate complex, effectively resolving a debate in the literature regarding the preferred substrate-binding denticity. These results elegantly explain the observed 3MDO substrate specificity, but leave unanswered questions regarding the mechanism of substrate-gated reactivity with dioxygen.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704
OSTI ID:
1778798
Report Number(s):
BNL-221309-2021-JAAM
Journal Information:
Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 296; ISSN 0021-9258
Publisher:
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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