Synthesis of Mo4VAlC4 MAX Phase and Two-Dimensional Mo4VC4 MXene with Five Atomic Layers of Transition Metals

Deysher, Grayson; Shuck, Christopher Eugene; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Frey, Nathan C.; Foucher, Alexandre C.; Maleski, Kathleen; Sarycheva, Asia; Shenoy, Vivek B.; Stach, Eric A.; Anasori, Babak; Gogotsi, Yury

doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b07708

Title: Synthesis of Mo₄VAlC₄ MAX Phase and Two-Dimensional Mo₄VC₄ MXene with Five Atomic Layers of Transition Metals

Journal Article · Thu Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2019 · ACS Nano

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b07708· OSTI ID:1774171

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Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); Indiana Univ.-Purdue Univ. Indianapolis, IN (United States)

MXenes are a family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides with a general formula of M_n+1X_nT_x, in which two, three, or four atomic layers of a transition metal (M: Ti, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, Ta, etc.) are interleaved with layers of C and/or N (shown as X), and T_x represents surface termination groups such as –OH, =O, and –F. Here, we report the scalable synthesis and characterization of a MXene with five atomic layers of transition metals (Mo₄VC₄T_x), by synthesizing its Mo₄VAlC₄ MAX phase precursor that contains no other MAX phase impurities. These phases display twinning at their central M layers which is not present in any other known MAX phases or MXenes. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to examine the structure of both phases. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to study the composition of these materials. Density functional theory calculations indicate that other five transition metal-layer MAX phases (M'₄M"AlC₄) may be possible, where M' and M" are two different transition metals. The predicted existence of additional Al-containing MAX phases suggests that more M₅C₄T_x MXenes can be synthesized. Additionally, we characterized the optical, electronic, and thermal properties of Mo₄VC₄T_x. Here, this study demonstrates the existence of an additional subfamily of M₅X₄T_x MXenes as well as a twinned structure, allowing for a wider range of 2D structures and compositions for more control over properties, which could lead to many different applications.

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Research Organization:: Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); US Army Research Office (ARO); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018618; SC0012704; SC0012573; W911NF-16-1-0447; CMMI-1727717; EFMA-542879; NNCI-1542153

OSTI ID:: 1774171

Journal Information:: ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 1; ISSN 1936-0851

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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properties
chemical structure
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phase transitions
layers
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Title: Synthesis of Mo4VAlC4 MAX Phase and Two-Dimensional Mo4VC4 MXene with Five Atomic Layers of Transition Metals

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Title: Synthesis of Mo₄VAlC₄ MAX Phase and Two-Dimensional Mo₄VC₄ MXene with Five Atomic Layers of Transition Metals