Understanding asymmetries using integrated simulations of capsule implosions in low gas-fill hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility

Milovich, J. L.; Casey, D. C.; MacGowan, B.; Clark, D.; Mariscal, D.; Ma, T.; Baker, K.; Bionta, R.; Hahn, K.; Moore, A.; Schlossberg, D.; Hartouni, E.; Sepke, S.; Landen, O.

doi:10.1088/1361-6587/abcdfb

Title: Understanding asymmetries using integrated simulations of capsule implosions in low gas-fill hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility

Journal Article · Tue Dec 22 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/abcdfb· OSTI ID:1763185

^[1]; Casey, D. C. ^[1]; MacGowan, B. ^[1]; Clark, D. ^[1]; Mariscal, D. ^[1]; Ma, T. ^[1]; Baker, K. ^[1]; Bionta, R. ^[1]; Hahn, K. ^[1]; Moore, A. ^[1]; Schlossberg, D. ^[1]; Hartouni, E. ^[1]; Sepke, S. ^[1]; Landen, O. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Current capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) using high-density-carbon ablators and laser energies close to 2 MJ have shown neutron yields in excess of 50 kJ. Improving on this performance requires understanding of the different degradation mechanisms. For many NIF implosions, nuclear diagnostic signatures have inferred residual hot-spot velocities that correlate with fuel areal density variations consistent with a low-order mode-1 asymmetry. A current working hypothesis attributes these asymmetries to a combination of beam to beam variations in the laser delivery and possibly coupling to target features, such as the diagnostic holes needed for x-ray imaging. Recently, a new source has been identified, thickness variation in the ablator shell. To gain better understanding and eventually mitigate the causes of <ρR> asymmetries, 3D integrated simulations using the actual delivered laser powers are needed. To capture the effect of the diagnostic holes (DHs) using direct numerical simulation would require significantly large computational resources. Instead, our 3D simulations make use of a subgrid model developed using highly-resolved 2D simulations that include several details of the DH engineering complexity. Simulations of NIF shots using hohlraums without DHs, to isolate the effect of beam-to-beam variations, reproduce fairly well the observed nuclear diagnostic signatures. Similarly, reasonable agreement between data and simulations is also obtained in the presence of diagnostic holes. To account for the remaining discrepancies a sensitivity study of ablator thickness variation showed that 1% thickness asymmetries are comparable in effect to 1% peak drive mode-1 asymmetries. Furthermore, this study identified sensitivity to variations in the imbedded doped layer (needed to shield the DT ice from the high energy x-rays generated in the hohlraum) thickness even when the inner and outer surface of the ablator are perfectly spherical.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1763185

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-813010; 1020501; TRN: US2205943

Journal Information:: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 63, Issue 2; ISSN 0741-3335

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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