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Title: Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Atomic Interactions in the Vancomycin Binding Site

Journal Article · · ACS Omega

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic produced by Amycolaptopsis orientalis used to treat serious infections by Gram- positive pathogens including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Vancomycin inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by targeting lipid II, which is the membrane-bound peptidoglycan precursor. The heptapeptide aglycon structure of vancomycin binds to the D-Ala-D-Ala of the pentapeptide stem structure in lipid II. The third residue of vancomycin aglycon is asparagine, which is not directly involved in the dipeptide binding. Nonetheless, asparagine plays a crucial role in substrate recognition, as the vancomycin analogue with asparagine substituted by aspartic acid (VD) shows a reduction in antibacterial activities. To characterize the function of asparagine, binding of vancomycin and its aspartic-acid-substituted analogue VD to L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala and L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Lac was investigated using molecular dynamic simulations. Binding interactions were analyzed using root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), two-dimensional (2D) contour plots, hydrogen bond analysis, and free energy calculations of the complexes. The analysis shows that the aspartate substitution introduced a negative charge to the binding cleft of VD, which altered the aglycon conformation that minimized the repulsive lone pair interaction in the binding of a depsipeptide. Our findings provide new insight for the development of novel glycopeptide antibiotics against the emerging vancomycin-resistant pathogens by chemical modification at the third residue in vancomycin to improve its binding affinity to the D-Ala-D-Lac-terminated peptidoglycan in lipid resistant S. aureus.

Research Organization:
Baylor Univ., Waco, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0019327
OSTI ID:
1756771
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1830727
Journal Information:
ACS Omega, Vol. 6, Issue 1; ISSN 2470-1343
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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