Effects of Six Sequential Charged Particle Beams on Behavioral and Cognitive Performance in B6D2F1 Female and Male Mice

Raber, Jacob; Fuentes Anaya, Andrea; Torres, Eileen Ruth S.; Lee, Joanne; Boutros, Sydney; Grygoryev, Dmytro; Hammer, Austin; Kasschau, Kristin D; Sharpton, Thomas J; Turker, Mitchell S.; Kronenberg, Amy

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00959

Title: Effects of Six Sequential Charged Particle Beams on Behavioral and Cognitive Performance in B6D2F1 Female and Male Mice

Journal Article · Fri Aug 28 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Frontiers in Physiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00959· OSTI ID:1695716

Raber, Jacob ^[1]; Fuentes Anaya, Andrea ^[1]; Torres, Eileen Ruth S. ^[1]; Lee, Joanne ^[1]; Boutros, Sydney ^[1]; Grygoryev, Dmytro ^[1]; Hammer, Austin ^[2]; Kasschau, Kristin D ^[2]; Sharpton, Thomas J ^[2]; Turker, Mitchell S. ^[1]; Kronenberg, Amy ^[3]

Oregon Health & Science Univ., Portland, OR (United States)
Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

The radiation environment astronauts are exposed to in deep space includes galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) with different proportions of all naturally occurring ions. To assist NASA with assessment of risk to the brain following exposure to a mixture of ions broadly representative of the GCR, we assessed the behavioral and cognitive performance of female and male C57BL/6J × DBA2/J F1 (B6D2F1) mice two months following rapidly delivered, sequential 6 beam irradiation with protons (1 GeV, LET = 0.24 keV, 50%), ⁴He ions (250 MeV/n, LET = 1.6 keV/μm, 20%), ¹⁶O ions (250 MeV/n, LET = 25 keV/μm 7.5%), ²⁸Si ions (263 MeV/n, LET = 78 keV/μm, 7.5%), 48Ti ions (1 GeV/n, LET = 107 keV/μm, 7.5%), and ⁵⁶Fe ions (1 GeV/n, LET = 151 keV/μm, 7.5%) at 0, 25, 50, or 200 cGy) at 4–6 months of age. When the activity over 3 days of open field habituation was analyzed in female mice, those irradiated with 50 cGy moved less and spent less time in the center than sham-irradiated mice. Sham-irradiated female mice and those irradiated with 25 cGy showed object recognition. However, female mice exposed to 50 or 200 cGy did not show object recognition. When fear memory was assessed in passive avoidance tests, sham-irradiated mice and mice irradiated with 25 cGy showed memory retention while mice exposed to 50 or 200 cGy did not. The effects of radiation passive avoidance memory retention were not sex-dependent. There was no effect of radiation on depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test. There was a trend toward an effect of radiation on BDNF levels in the cortex of males, but not for females, with higher levels in male mice irradiated with 50 cGy than sham-irradiated. Finally, sequential 6-ion irradiation impacted the composition of the gut microbiome in a sex-dependent fashion. Taxa were uncovered whose relative abundance in the gut was associated with the radiation dose received. Thus, exposure to sequential six-beam irradiation significantly affects behavioral and cognitive performance and the gut microbiome.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1695716

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Physiology, Vol. 11; ISSN 1664-042X

Publisher:: FrontiersCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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