3D dynamics and morphology of bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae

Barkov, Maxim V.; Lyutikov, Maxim; Khangulyan, Dmitry

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz213

Title: 3D dynamics and morphology of bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae

Journal Article · Wed Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz213· OSTI ID:1612509

^[1]; Lyutikov, Maxim ^[2];

^[3]

Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); Space Research Inst. of the Russian Academy of Science (IKI), Moscow (Russia); RIKEN, Saitama (Japan)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Rikkyo Univ., Tokyo (Japan)

Bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) show a variety of morphological shapes. We attribute this diversity to the geometrical factors: relative orientations of the pulsar rotation axis, proper velocity, and the line of sight (magnetic inclination angle may also have certain influence on the morphology). We identify three basic types of bow-shock nebulae: (i) a rifle bullet (pulsar spin axis and proper velocity are aligned), (ii) a ‘Frisbee’ (pulsar spin axis and proper velocity are orthogonal with the spin axis lying in the plane of the sky), and (iii) a ‘Cart wheel’ (such as frisbee but the spin axis is perpendicular to the plane of the sky). Using results of the 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulations, as well as analytical calculations, we reproduce the key morphological features of the bow-shock PWNe, as well as variations seen across different systems. Magnetic stresses within the shocked pulsar wind affect the overall structure strongly, producing ‘whiskers’, ‘tails’, ‘filled-in’, and ‘mushroom’ shapes, as well as non-symmetric morphologies. On the other hand, the interstellar medium inhomogeneities and the anisotropy of the energy flux in the pulsar wind have only a mild impact of the PWN morphology. In a few cases, when we clearly identify specific morphological structures, our results do not favour alignment of the pulsar spin axis and proper velocity. Here, our calculations of the underlying emission processes explain the low-synchrotron X-ray efficiency (in terms of the spin-down luminosity) and imply an energetically subdominant contribution of the inverse Compton process.

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Research Organization:: Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016369; AST-1306672; 80NSSC17K0757; JSPS KAKENHI; JP18H03722; JP24105007; JP16H02170

OSTI ID:: 1612509

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 484, Issue 4; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 27 works

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Kinetic ‘jets’ from fast-moving pulsars Barkov, Maxim V.; Lyutikov, Maxim; Klingler, Noel Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 485, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz521	journal	February 2019
Did GW170817 Harbor a Pulsar? Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico; Andrews, Jeff J.; Schrøder, Sophie L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab3f2c	journal	September 2019
Full-3D relativistic MHD simulations of bow shock pulsar wind nebulae: emission and polarization Olmi, B.; Bucciantini, N. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 488, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2089	journal	July 2019
On the nature of radio filaments near the Galactic Centre Barkov, Maxim V.; Lyutikov, Maxim Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 489, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slz124	journal	August 2019
GeV–TeV Cosmic-Ray Leptons in the Solar System from the Bow Shock Wind Nebula of the Nearest Millisecond Pulsar J0437–4715 Bykov, A. M.; Petrov, A. E.; Krassilchtchikov, A. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab1922	journal	April 2019
Detection of ultra-high-energy gamma rays from the Crab Nebula: physical implications Khangulyan, Dmitry; Arakawa, Masanori; Aharonian, Felix Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 491, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3261	journal	December 2019
Discovery of a Pulsar-powered Bow Shock Nebula in the Small Magellanic Cloud Supernova Remnant DEMS5 Alsaberi, Rami Z. E.; Maitra, C.; Filipovi'c, M. D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.03226	text	January 2019
Did GW170817 harbor a pulsar? Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico; Andrews, Jeff J.; Schrøder, Sophie L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.09179	text	January 2019
Modelling the interaction between relativistic and non-relativistic winds in binary pulsar systems: strong magnetization of the pulsar wind Bogovalov, Sergey V.; Khangulyan, Dmitry; Koldoba, Alexander V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1911.07441	text	January 2019

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
astronomy & astrophysics
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