Retrievals of Riming and Snow Density From Vertically Pointing Doppler Radars

Mason, S. L.; Chiu, C. J.; Hogan, R. J.; Moisseev, D.; Kneifel, S.

doi:10.1029/2018jd028603

Title: Retrievals of Riming and Snow Density From Vertically Pointing Doppler Radars

Journal Article · Tue Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd028603· OSTI ID:1611644

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Univ. of Reading, Reading (United Kingdom). National Centre for Earth Observation
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
Univ. of Reading, Reading (United Kingdom); European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Helsinki (Finland). Inst. for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics; Finnish Meteorological Inst., Helsinki (Finland)
Univ. of Cologne (Germany). Inst. of Geophysics and Meteorology

Abstract Retrievals of ice and snow are made from Ka‐ and W‐band zenith‐pointing Doppler radars at Hyytiälä, Finland, during the snow experiment component of the Biogenic Aerosols: Effects on Clouds and Climate (2014) field campaign. In a novel optimal estimation retrieval, mean Doppler velocity is exploited to retrieve a density factor parameter, which modulates the mass, shape, terminal velocity, and backscatter cross sections of ice particles. In a case study including aggregate snow and graupel we find that snow rate and ensemble mean ice density can be retrieved to within 50% of in situ measurements at the surface using dual‐frequency Doppler radar retrievals. While Doppler measurements are essential to the retrieval of particle density, the dual‐frequency ratio provides a strong constraint on particle size. The retrieved density factor is strongly correlated with liquid water path, indicating that riming is the primary process by which the density factor is modulated. Using liquid water path as a proxy for riming, profiles classified as unrimed snow, rimed snow, and graupel exhibit distinct features characteristic of aggregation and riming processes, suggesting the potential to make estimates of process rates from these retrievals. We discuss the potential application of the technique to future satellite missions.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Reading, Reading (United Kingdom)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO); European Space Agency; European Union (EU); Academy of Finland; German Science Foundation (DFG)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0011666; 4000112030/15/NL/CT; 689443; 307331; 305175; KN 1112/2-1

OSTI ID:: 1611644

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1786845

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 24; ISSN 2169-897X

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 48 works

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