Non-linear plasma wake growth of electron holes

Hutchinson, I. H.; Haakonsen, C. B.; Zhou, C.

doi:10.1063/1.4915526

Title: Non-linear plasma wake growth of electron holes

Journal Article · Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4915526· OSTI ID:1546884

Hutchinson, I. H. ^[1];

^[1]; Zhou, C. ^[1]

Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

We report that an object's wake in a plasma with small Debye length that drifts across the magnetic field is subject to electrostatic electron instabilities. Such situations include, for example, the moon in the solar wind and probes in magnetized laboratory plasmas. The instability drive mechanism can equivalently be considered drift down the potential-energy gradient or drift up the density-gradient. The gradients arise because the plasma wake has a region of depressed density and electrostatic potential into which ions are attracted along the field. The non-linear consequences of the instability are analysed in this paper. At physical ratios of electron to ion mass, neither linear nor quasilinear treatment can explain the observation of large-amplitude perturbations that disrupt the ion streams well before they become ion-ion unstable. Here we show, however, that electron holes, once formed, continue to grow, driven by the drift mechanism, and if they remain in the wake may reach a maximum non-linearly stable size, beyond which their uncontrolled growth disrupts the ions. The hole growth calculations provide a quantitative prediction of hole profile and size evolution. Hole growth appears to explain the observations of recent particle-in-cell simulations.

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Research Organization:: Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010491

OSTI ID:: 1546884

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1228575

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 3; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 10 works

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References (29)

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Cited By (5)

Electron phase-space hole transverse instability at high magnetic field Hutchinson, I. H. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022377819000564	journal	September 2019
Prediction and Observation of Electron Instabilities and Phase Space Holes Concentrated in the Lunar Plasma Wake: ARTEMIS LUNAR WAKE Hutchinson, Ian H.; Malaspina, David M. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017gl076880	journal	May 2018
Properties of Electron Phase Space Holes in the Lunar Plasma Environment Malaspina, David M.; Hutchinson, Ian H. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019ja026857	journal	July 2019
Electron holes in phase space: What they are and why they matter Hutchinson, I. H. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4976854	journal	May 2017
Plasma electron-hole kinematics: momentum conservation Hutchinson, I. H.; Zhou, C. T. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.06520	preprint	January 2016

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