Normalized Quantitative PCR Measurements as Predictors for Ethene Formation at Sites Impacted with Chlorinated Ethenes

Clark, Katherine; Taggart, Dora M.; Baldwin, Brett R.; Ritalahti, Kirsti M.; Murdoch, Robert W.; Hatt, Janet K.; Löffler, Frank E.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b04373

Title: Normalized Quantitative PCR Measurements as Predictors for Ethene Formation at Sites Impacted with Chlorinated Ethenes

Journal Article · Fri Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Environmental Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b04373· OSTI ID:1545203

Clark, Katherine ^[1]; Taggart, Dora M. ^[1]; Baldwin, Brett R. ^[1]; Ritalahti, Kirsti M. ^[2]; Murdoch, Robert W. ^[3]; Hatt, Janet K. ^[4];

^[5]

Microbial Insights, Incorporated, Knoxville,TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Center for Environmental Biotechnology and Dept. of Microbiology
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Center for Environmental Biotechnology
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Dept. of Microbiology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Dept. of Biosystems Engineering & Soil Science; Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Biosciences Division and Joint Inst. for Biological Sciences (JIBS)

Quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc) biomarker genes supports effective management at sites impacted with chlorinated ethenes. To establish correlations between Dhc biomarker gene abundances and ethene formation (i.e., detoxification), 859 groundwater samples representing 62 sites undergoing monitored natural attenuation or enhanced remediation were analyzed. Dhc 16S rRNA genes and the vinyl chloride (VC) reductive dehalogenase genes bvcA and vcrA were detected in 88% and 61% of samples, respectively, from wells with ethene. Dhc 16S rRNA, bvcA, vcrA, and tceA (implicated in cometabolic reductive VC dechlorination) gene abundances all positively correlated with ethene formation. Significantly greater ethene concentrations were observed when Dhc 16S rRNA gene and VC RDase gene abundances exceeded 10⁷ and 10⁶ copies L^–1, respectively, and when Dhc 16S rRNA- and bvcA + vcrA-to-total bacterial 16S rRNA gene ratios exceeded 0.1%. Dhc 16S rRNA gene-to-vcrA/bvcA ratios near unity also indicated elevated ethene; yet, no increased ethene was observed in 19 wells where vcrA and/or bvcA gene copy numbers exceeded Dhc cell numbers 10- to 10 000-fold. Approximately one-third of samples with detectable ethene lacked bvcA, vcrA, and tceA, implying that comprehensive understanding of VC detoxification biomarkers has not been achieved. Although the current biomarker suite is incomplete, the data analysis corroborates the value of the available Dhc DNA biomarkers for prognostic and diagnostic groundwater monitoring at sites impacted with chlorinated ethenes.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1545203

Journal Information:: Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 52, Issue 22; ISSN 0013-936X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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