Voltage gated inter-cation selective ion channels from graphene nanopores

Cantley, Lauren; Swett, Jacob L.; Lloyd, David; Cullen, David A.; Zhou, Ke; Bedworth, Peter V.; Heise, Scott; Rondinone, Adam J.; Xu, Zhiping; Sinton, Steve; Bunch, J. Scott

doi:10.1039/C8NR10360G

Title: Voltage gated inter-cation selective ion channels from graphene nanopores

Journal Article · Mon May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nanoscale

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NR10360G· OSTI ID:1531231

^[1]; Swett, Jacob L. ^[2]; Lloyd, David ^[1]; Cullen, David A. ^[3];

^[4]; Bedworth, Peter V. ^[2]; Heise, Scott ^[2]; Rondinone, Adam J. ^[3];

^[4]; Sinton, Steve ^[2]; Bunch, J. Scott ^[1]

Boston Univ., MA (United States)
Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center (ATC), Palo Alto, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China)

With the ability to selectively control ionic flux, biological protein ion channels perform a fundamental role in many physiological processes. For practical applications that require the functionality of a biological ion channel, graphene provides a promising solid-state alternative, due to its atomic thinness and mechanical strength. Here, we demonstrate that nanopores introduced into graphene membranes, as large as 50 nm in diameter, exhibit inter-cation selectivity with a ~20× preference for K⁺ over divalent cations and can be modulated by an applied gate voltage. Liquid atomic force microscopy of the graphene devices reveals surface nanobubbles near the pore to be responsible for the observed selective behavior. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that translocation of ions across the pore likely occurs via a thin water layer at the edge of the pore and the nanobubble. Our results reflect a significant improvement in the inter-cation selectivity displayed by a solid-state nanopore device and by utilizing the pores in a de-wetted state, offers a method to fabricate selective graphene membranes that does not rely on the fabrication of sub-nm pores.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1531231

Journal Information:: Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 20; ISSN 2040-3364

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 34 works

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Title: Voltage gated inter-cation selective ion channels from graphene nanopores

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