Evolution of redox couples in Li- and Mn-rich cathode materials and mitigation of voltage fade by reducing oxygen release
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Chemistry Division
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Chemistry Division; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). Beijing National Lab. for Condensed Matter Physics and Inst. of Physics
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Chemistry Division and Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Dongguk Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of). Dept. of Energy and Materials Engineering
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
- National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Material Measurement Lab.
Here, voltage fade is a major problem in battery applications for high-energy Lithium- and Manganese-rich (LMR) layered materials. Because of the complexity in the LMR structure, the voltage fade mechanism is not well understood. Here we conduct in situ and ex situ studies on a typical LMR material (Li1.2Ni0.15Co0.1Mn0.55O2) during charge-discharge cycling, using multi-length-scale X-ray spectroscopic and 3D electron microscopic imaging techniques. Through probing from surface to bulk, from individual to the whole ensembles of particles, we show that the average valence states of each type of transition metal cations are continuously reduced, which is attributed to the oxygen release from LMR.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; SC0012704; 2016YFA0202500; 51421002; NRF-2017M1A2A2044502; AC02-98CH10886
- OSTI ID:
- 1467843
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1460715
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-207813-2018-JAAM; 144252
- Journal Information:
- Nature Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 8; ISSN 2058-7546
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Cited by: 552 works
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