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Title: Balancing the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Surface Energetics, and Stability of Metallic MoS2 Nanosheets via Covalent Functionalization

Journal Article · · Journal of the American Chemical Society
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b11242· OSTI ID:1416526

We modify the fundamental electronic properties of metallic (1T phase) nanosheets of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) through covalent chemical functionalization, and thereby directly influence the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), surface energetics, and stability. Chemically exfoliated, metallic MoS2 nanosheets are functionalized with organic phenyl rings containing electron donating or withdrawing groups. We find that MoS2 functionalized with the most electron donating functional group (p-(CH3CH2)2NPh-MoS2) is the most efficient catalyst for HER in this series, with initial activity that is slightly worse compared to the pristine metallic phase of MoS2. The p-(CH3CH2)2NPh-MoS2 is more stable than unfunctionalized metallic MoS2 and outperforms unfunctionalized metallic MoS2 for continuous H2 evolution within 10 min under the same conditions. With regards to the entire studied series, the overpotential and Tafel slope for catalytic HER are both directly correlated with the electron donating strength of the functional group. The results are consistent with a mechanism involving ground-state electron donation or withdrawal to/from the MoS2 nanosheets, which modifies the electron transfer kinetics and catalytic activity of the MoS2 nanosheet. The functional groups preserve the metallic nature of the MoS2 nanosheets, inhibiting conversion to the thermodynamically stable semiconducting state (2H) when mildly annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere. We propose that the electron density and, therefore, reactivity of the MoS2 nanosheets are controlled by the attached functional groups. Functionalizing nanosheets of MoS2 and other transition metal dichalcogenides provides a synthetic chemical route for controlling the electronic properties and stability within the traditionally thermally unstable metallic state.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1416526
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5900-68922
Journal Information:
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 140, Issue 1; ISSN 0002-7863
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 204 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Ultrastable In-Plane 1T-2H MoS 2 Heterostructures for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction journal July 2018
Photoemission spectroscopy study of structural defects in molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) journal January 2019
Effective Co x S y HER Electrocatalysts Fabricated by In-Situ Sulfuration of a Metal-Organic Framework journal October 2018
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Hybrid plasmonic nanostructures based on controlled integration of MoS 2 flakes on metallic nanoholes journal January 2018
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First principles methods using CASTEP journal January 2005
Ping-Pong Energy Transfer in Covalently Linked Porphyrin-MoS2 Architectures text January 2020