“Standoff Biofinder” for Fast, Noncontact, Nondestructive, Large-Area Detection of Biological Materials for Planetary Exploration

Misra, Anupam K.; Acosta-Maeda, Tayro E.; Sharma, Shiv K.; McKay, Christopher P.; Gasda, Patrick J.; Taylor, G. Jeffrey; Lucey, Paul G.; Flynn, Luke; Abedin, M. Nurul; Clegg, Samuel M.; Wiens, Roger

doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1400

Title: “Standoff Biofinder” for Fast, Noncontact, Nondestructive, Large-Area Detection of Biological Materials for Planetary Exploration

Journal Article · Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Astrobiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2015.1400· OSTI ID:1369192

Misra, Anupam K. ^[1]; Acosta-Maeda, Tayro E. ^[1]; Sharma, Shiv K. ^[1]; McKay, Christopher P. ^[2]; Gasda, Patrick J. ^[3]; Taylor, G. Jeffrey ^[1]; Lucey, Paul G. ^[1]; Flynn, Luke ^[1]; Abedin, M. Nurul ^[4]; Clegg, Samuel M. ^[3]; Wiens, Roger ^[3]

Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States). Hawaii Inst. of Geophysics and Planetology
NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)

In this paper, we developed a prototype instrument called the Standoff Biofinder, which can quickly locate biological material in a 500 cm² area from a 2 m standoff distance with a detection time of 0.1 s. All biogenic materials give strong fluorescence signals when excited with UV and visible lasers. In addition, the luminescence decay time of biogenic compounds is much shorter (<100 ns) than the micro- to millisecond decay time of transition metal ions and rare-earth ions in minerals and rocks. The Standoff Biofinder takes advantage of the short lifetime of biofluorescent materials to obtain real-time fluorescence images that show the locations of biological materials among luminescent minerals in a geological context. The Standoff Biofinder instrument will be useful for locating biological material during future NASA rover, lander, and crewed missions. Additionally, the instrument can be used for nondestructive detection of biological materials in unique samples, such as those obtained by sample return missions from the outer planets and asteroids. Finally, the Standoff Biofinder also has the capacity to detect microbes and bacteria on space instruments for planetary protection purposes.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Contributing Organization:: NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States); NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; NNX13AM98A

OSTI ID:: 1369192

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-28668

Journal Information:: Astrobiology, Vol. 16, Issue 9; ISSN 1531-1074

Publisher:: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 11 works

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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Time-resolved fluorescence
Biofluorescence
Planetary exploration
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Noncontact nondestructive biodetection

Title: “Standoff Biofinder” for Fast, Noncontact, Nondestructive, Large-Area Detection of Biological Materials for Planetary Exploration

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