Phase transformation mechanism in lithium manganese nickel oxide revealed by single-crystal hard X-ray microscopy

Kuppan, Saravanan; Xu, Yahong; Liu, Yijin; Chen, Guoying

doi:10.1038/ncomms14309

Title: Phase transformation mechanism in lithium manganese nickel oxide revealed by single-crystal hard X-ray microscopy

Journal Article · Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14309· OSTI ID:1347552

Kuppan, Saravanan ^[1]; Xu, Yahong ^[2];

^[3]; Chen, Guoying ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Donghua Univ., Shanghai (China)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

© 2017 The Author(s). Understanding the reaction pathway and kinetics of solid-state phase transformation is critical in designing advanced electrode materials with better performance and stability. Despite the first-order phase transition with a large lattice mismatch between the involved phases, spinel LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 is capable of fast rate even at large particle size, presenting an enigma yet to be understood. The present study uses advanced two-dimensional and three-dimensional nano-Tomography on a series of well-formed Li x Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 (0≤x≤1) crystals to visualize the mesoscale phase distribution, as a function of Li content at the sub-particle level. Inhomogeneity along with the coexistence of Li-rich and Li-poor phases are broadly observed on partially delithiated crystals, providing direct evidence for a concurrent nucleation and growth process instead of a shrinking-core or a particle-by-particle process. Superior kinetics of (100) facets at the vertices of truncated octahedral particles promote preferential delithiation, whereas the observation of strain-induced cracking suggests mechanical degradation in the material.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1347552

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1379708

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 8; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 92 works

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