bhlight: General Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics with Monte Carlo Transport

Ryan, Benjamin R; Dolence, Joshua C.; Gammie, Charles F.

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/31

Title: bhlight: General Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics with Monte Carlo Transport

Journal Article · Thu Jun 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/31· OSTI ID:1329564

Ryan, Benjamin R ^[1]; Dolence, Joshua C. ^[2]; Gammie, Charles F. ^[3]

Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Astronomy; Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Physics

We present bhlight, a numerical scheme for solving the equations of general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics using a direct Monte Carlo solution of the frequency-dependent radiative transport equation. bhlight is designed to evolve black hole accretion flows at intermediate accretion rate, in the regime between the classical radiatively efficient disk and the radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF), in which global radiative effects play a sub-dominant but non-negligible role in disk dynamics. We describe the governing equations, numerical method, idiosyncrasies of our implementation, and a suite of test and convergence results. We also describe example applications to radiative Bondi accretion and to a slowly accreting Kerr black hole in axisymmetry.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; AST 13-33612; NNX10AD03G; OCI-0725070; ACI-1238993

OSTI ID:: 1329564

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-15-20947

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 807, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 42 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (43)

Multiline transfer and the dynamics of stellar winds Abbott, D. C.; Lucy, L. B. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 288 https://doi.org/10.1086/162834	journal	January 1985
A new Monte Carlo Method for Time-Dependent Neutrino Radiation Transport Abdikamalov, Ernazar; Burrows, Adam; Ott, Christian D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 755, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/111	journal	August 2012
Slim accretion disks Abramowicz, M. A.; Czerny, B.; Lasota, J. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 332 https://doi.org/10.1086/166683	journal	September 1988
A powerful local shear instability in weakly magnetized disks. I - Linear analysis. II - Nonlinear evolution Balbus, Steven A.; Hawley, John F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 376 https://doi.org/10.1086/170270	journal	July 1991
Inverse Comptonization by one-dimensional relativistic electrons Canfield, E.; Howard, W. M.; Liang, E. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 323 https://doi.org/10.1086/165853	journal	December 1987
The size of the jet launching region in M87 Dexter, Jason; McKinney, Jonathan C.; Agol, Eric Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 421, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20409.x	journal	February 2012
grmonty: A MONTE CARLO CODE FOR RELATIVISTIC RADIATIVE TRANSPORT Dolence, Joshua C.; Gammie, Charles F.; Mościbrodzka, Monika The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 184, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/184/2/387	journal	October 2009
Relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics in dynamical spacetimes: Numerical methods and tests Farris, Brian D.; Li, Tsz Ka; Liu, Yuk Tung Physical Review D, Vol. 78, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.78.024023	journal	July 2008
Relativistic fluid disks in orbit around Kerr black holes Fishbone, L. G.; Moncrief, V. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 207 https://doi.org/10.1086/154565	journal	July 1976
Numerical Simulations of Optically Thick Accretion onto a Black Hole. i. Spherical case Fragile, P. Chris; Gillespie, Anna; Monahan, Timothy The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 201, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/201/2/9	journal	June 2012
HARM: A Numerical Scheme for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Gammie, Charles F.; McKinney, Jonathan C.; Toth, Gabor The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 589, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/374594	journal	May 2003
Effects of Compton Cooling on Outflow in a Two-Component Accretion flow Around a Black Hole: Results of a Coupled Monte Carlo Total Variation Diminishing Simulation Garain, Sudip K.; Ghosh, Himadri; Chakrabarti, Sandip K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 758, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/114	journal	October 2012
The Black hole mass in m87 from Gemini/Nifs Adaptive Optics Observations Gebhardt, Karl; Adams, Joshua; Richstone, Douglas The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 729, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/729/2/119	journal	February 2011
Effects of Compton cooling on the hydrodynamic and the spectral properties of a two-component accretion flow around a black hole: Coupled Monte Carlo TVD simulation Ghosh, Himadri; Garain, Sudip K.; Giri, Kinsuk Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 416, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19090.x	journal	July 2011
A numerical study of nonspherical black hole accretion. I Equations and test problems Hawley, J. F.; Wilson, J. R.; Smarr, L. L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 277 https://doi.org/10.1086/161696	journal	February 1984
Radiation hydrodynamics of triggered star formation: the effect of the diffuse radiation field: Radiation hydrodynamics of star formation Haworth, Thomas J.; Harries, Tim J. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 420, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20062.x	journal	November 2011
Convection Causes Enhanced Magnetic Turbulence in Accretion Disks in Outburst Hirose, Shigenobu; Blaes, Omer; Krolik, Julian H. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 787, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/787/1/1	journal	April 2014
A Godunov Method for Multidimensional Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics Based on a Variable Eddington Tensor Jiang, Yan-Fei; Stone, James M.; Davis, Shane W. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 199, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/199/1/14	journal	February 2012
An Algorithm for Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics Based on Solving the Time-Dependent Transfer Equation Jiang, Yan-Fei; Stone, James M.; Davis, Shane W. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 213, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/213/1/7	journal	June 2014
A Global Three-Dimensional Radiation Magneto-Hydrodynamic Simulation of Super-Eddington Accretion Disks Jiang, Yan-Fei; Stone, James M.; Davis, Shane W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 796, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/106	journal	November 2014
Firehose and Mirror Instabilities in a Collisionless Shearing Plasma Kunz, Matthew W.; Schekochihin, Alexander A.; Stone, James M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.205003	journal	May 2014
Measuring mass Accretion rate onto the Supermassive Black hole in m87 Using Faraday Rotation Measure with the Submillimeter Array Kuo, C. Y.; Asada, K.; Rao, R. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 783, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/783/2/L33	journal	February 2014
Numerical Calculation of Magnetobremsstrahlung Emission and Absorption Coefficients Leung, Po Kin; Gammie, Charles F.; Noble, Scott C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 737, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/21	journal	July 2011
Relativistic transport theory Lindquist, Richard W. Annals of Physics, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4916(66)90207-7	journal	May 1966
A Measurement of the Electromagnetic Luminosity of a Kerr Black Hole McKinney, Jonathan C.; Gammie, Charles F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 611, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/422244	journal	August 2004
Three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamical simulation of super-Eddington accretion, using a new code harmrad with M1 closure McKinney, Jonathan C.; Tchekhovskoy, Alexander; Sadowski, Aleksander Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 441, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu762	journal	May 2014
Equation of state in relativistic magnetohydrodynamics: variable versus constant adiabatic index Mignone, A.; McKinney, Jonathan C. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 378, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11849.x	journal	June 2007
Pair Production in Low-Luminosity Galactic Nuclei Mościbrodzka, M.; Gammie, C. F.; Dolence, J. C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 735, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/735/1/9	journal	June 2011
Advection-dominated Accretion: Underfed Black Holes and Neutron Stars Narayan, Ramesh; Yi, Insu The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 452 https://doi.org/10.1086/176343	journal	October 1995
Spherical accretion onto black holes - A complete analysis of stationary solutions Nobili, Luciano; Turolla, Roberto; Zampieri, Luca The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 383 https://doi.org/10.1086/170781	journal	December 1991
Primitive Variable Solvers for Conservative General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Noble, Scott C.; Gammie, Charles F.; McKinney, Jonathan C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 641, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/500349	journal	April 2006
Monte Carlo radiation hydrodynamics: methods, tests and application to Type Ia supernova ejecta: Monte Carlo radiation hydrodynamics Noebauer, U. M.; Sim, S. A.; Kromer, M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 425, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21600.x	journal	August 2012
Self-consistent models of spherical accretion onto black holes. I - One-temperature solutions. II - Two-temperatures solutions with pairs Park, Myeong-Gu The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 354 https://doi.org/10.1086/168668	journal	May 1990
General relativistic radiation hydrodynamics of accretion flows - II. Treating stiff source terms and exploring physical limitations: GR-RHD II: Numerical & physical limitations Roedig, C.; Zanotti, O.; Alic, D. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 426, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21821.x	journal	October 2012
Semi-implicit scheme for treating radiation under M1 closure in general relativistic conservative fluid dynamics codes Sądowski, Aleksander; Narayan, Ramesh; Tchekhovskoy, Alexander Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 429, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts632	journal	January 2013
ZEUS-2D: A radiation magnetohydrodynamics code for astrophysical flows in two space dimensions. III - The radiation hydrodynamic algorithms and tests Stone, James M.; Mihalas, Dimitri; Norman, Michael L. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 80 https://doi.org/10.1086/191682	journal	May 1992
Benchmark results for the non-equilibrium Marshak diffusion problem Bingjing, Su; Olson, Gordon L. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 56, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(96)84524-9	journal	September 1996
The ∇·B=0 Constraint in Shock-Capturing Magnetohydrodynamics Codes Tóth, Gábor Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 161, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.2000.6519	journal	July 2000
Optically thick, time-dependent spherical accretion onto a black hole. I - Equations and numerical methods Vitello, P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 284 https://doi.org/10.1086/162419	journal	September 1984
Radiation Transport for Explosive Outflows: a Multigroup Hybrid Monte Carlo Method Wollaeger, Ryan T.; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Graziani, Carlo The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 209, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/209/2/36	journal	November 2013
Hot Accretion Flows Around Black Holes Yuan, Feng; Narayan, Ramesh Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 52, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082812-141003	journal	August 2014
Hot One‐Temperature Accretion Flows Revisited Yuan, Feng; Taam, Ronald E.; Xue, Yongquan The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 636, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/497980	journal	January 2006
General relativistic radiation hydrodynamics of accretion flows - I. Bondi-Hoyle accretion: GR radiation hydrodynamics of accretion flows Zanotti, O.; Roedig, C.; Rezzolla, L. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 417, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19451.x	journal	September 2011

Cited By (30)

Monte Carlo radiative transfer Noebauer, Ulrich M.; Sim, Stuart A. Living Reviews in Computational Astrophysics, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41115-019-0004-9	journal	June 2019
Astrophysical science metrics for next-generation gravitational-wave detectors Adhikari, R. X.; Ajith, P.; Chen, Y. Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 36, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab3cff	journal	November 2019
Turbulence in core-collapse supernovae Radice, David; Abdikamalov, Ernazar; Ott, Christian D. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 45, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aab872	journal	April 2018
Monitoring of the radio galaxy M 87 during a low-emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa014	journal	January 2020
Radiative, two-temperature simulations of low-luminosity black hole accretion flows in general relativity Sądowski, Aleksander; Wielgus, Maciek; Narayan, Ramesh Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 466, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3116	journal	December 2016
Kinetic and radiative power from optically thin accretion flows Sądowski, Aleksander; Gaspari, Massimo Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 468, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx543	journal	March 2017
Hydrodynamic simulations of the inner accretion flow of Sagittarius A* fuelled by stellar winds Ressler, S. M.; Quataert, E.; Stone, J. M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1146	journal	May 2018
The role of electron heating physics in images and variability of the Galactic Centre black hole Sagittarius A* Chael, Andrew; Rowan, Michael; Narayan, Ramesh Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1261	journal	June 2018
The multiwavelength spectrum of NGC 3115: hot accretion flow properties Almeida, Ivan; Nemmen, Rodrigo; Wong, Ka-Wah Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 475, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty128	journal	January 2018
Two-temperature, Magnetically Arrested Disc simulations of the jet from the supermassive black hole in M87 Chael, Andrew; Narayan, Ramesh; Johnson, Michael D. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz988	journal	April 2019
What Sets the Line Profiles in Tidal Disruption Events? Roth, Nathaniel; Kasen, Daniel The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaaec6	journal	March 2018
Two-temperature GRRMHD Simulations of M87 Ryan, Benjamin R.; Ressler, Sean M.; Dolence, Joshua C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 864, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad73a	journal	September 2018
Covariant Radiative Transfer for Black Hole Spacetimes Davis, Shane W.; Gammie, Charles F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 888, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5950	journal	January 2020
Generalized, Energy-conserving Numerical Simulations of Particles in General Relativity. II. Test Particles in Electromagnetic Fields and GRMHD Bacchini, F.; Ripperda, B.; Porth, O. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 240, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aafcb3	journal	February 2019
ν `bhlight` : Radiation GRMHD for Neutrino-driven Accretion Flows Miller, Jonah M.; Ryan, Ben. R.; Dolence, Joshua C. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 241, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab09fc	journal	April 2019
The Event Horizon General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Code Comparison Project Porth, Oliver; Chatterjee, Koushik; Narayan, Ramesh The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 243, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab29fd	journal	August 2019
The Radiative Efficiency and Spectra of Slowly Accreting Black Holes from Two-temperature GRRMHD Simulations Ryan, Benjamin R.; Ressler, Sean M.; Dolence, Joshua C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 844, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa8034	journal	July 2017
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0f43	journal	April 2019
The Event Horizon General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Code Comparison Project Porth, Oliver; Chatterjee, Koushik; Narayan, Ramesh Maryland Shared Open Access Repository https://doi.org/10.13016/m2htjg-wbul	collection	January 2019
Radiative, two-temperature simulations of low luminosity black hole accretion flows in general relativity Sadowski, A.; Wielgus, M.; Narayan, R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.03184	text	January 2016
Kinetic and radiative power from optically thin accretion flows Sadowski, A.; Gaspari, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1701.07033	text	January 2017
The Radiative Efficiency and Spectra of Slowly Accreting Black Holes from Two-Temperature GRRMHD Simulations Ryan, Benjamin R.; Ressler, Sean M.; Dolence, Joshua C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1707.04238	text	January 2017
The role of electron heating physics in images and variability of the Galactic Centre black hole Sagittarius A* Chael, Andrew; Rowan, Michael E.; Narayan, Ramesh arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.06416	text	January 2018
Hydrodynamic Simulations of the Inner Accretion Flow of Sagittarius A* Fueled By Stellar Winds Ressler, Sean M.; Quataert, Eliot; Stone, James M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1805.00474	text	January 2018
Two-Temperature GRRMHD Simulations of M87 Ryan, Benjamin R.; Ressler, Sean M.; Dolence, Joshua C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.01958	text	January 2018
Generalized, energy-conserving numerical simulations of particles in general relativity. II. Test particles in electromagnetic fields and GRMHD Bacchini, Fabio; Ripperda, Bart; Porth, Oliver arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1810.00842	text	January 2018
The Event Horizon General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Code Comparison Project Porth, Oliver; Chatterjee, Koushik; Narayan, Ramesh arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.04923	text	January 2019
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring Collaboration, The Event Horizon Telescope arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.11242	text	January 2019
Covariant Radiative Transfer for Black Hole Spacetimes Davis, Shane W.; Gammie, Charles F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1911.07950	text	January 2019
Monitoring of the radio galaxy M87 during a low emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC Collaboration, Magic; Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.01643	text	January 2020

Similar Records

bhlight: GENERAL RELATIVISTIC RADIATION MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS WITH MONTE CARLO TRANSPORT

Journal Article · Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1329564

Ryan, B. R.; Gammie, C. F.; Dolence, J. C.

SPINS OF SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES IN M87. II. FULLY GENERAL RELATIVISTIC CALCULATIONS

Journal Article · Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1329564

Yanrong, Li; Jianmin, Wang; Shu, Zhang; +2 more

Testing the no-hair theorem with event horizon telescope observations of Sagittarius A*

Journal Article · Thu Mar 20 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1329564

Broderick, Avery E.; Johannsen, Tim; Loeb, Abraham; +1 more

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
black hole physics
methods numerical
relativistic processes

Title: bhlight: General Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics with Monte Carlo Transport

Citation Formats

References (43)

Cited By (30)

Similar Records

Related Subjects