Results of toxicological testing of Jefferson Paris pilot plant samples
Five toxicological tests were performed using concentrated drinking water samples collected at a pilot-scale drinking water treatment plant that had streams treated with different disinfectants (no disinfectant, ozone, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, or chlorine) before treatment with granular activated carbon (GAC). The toxicological tests used in this study were the Ames Salmonella assay, a subchronic in vivo toxicity assay in mice, the SENCAR mouse skin initiation-promotion assay, a rat liver foci assay, and the lung adenoma assay in strain A mice. These tests were conducted to determine the general toxicity and the mutagenic/carcinogenic potential association with the use of disinfection and/or GAC in the treatment of drinking water. Results indicated that the samples remained mutagenic for the duration of the tests. All the drinking water concentrates (4000 x) prepared by the XAD resin adsorption procedure failed to provide statistically significant indication of carcinogenic activity in the SENCAR mouse, rat liver foci, and the lung adenoma assays. However, concentrates of the chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and monochloramine treated waters gave consistent mutagenic responses in the Ames Salmonella assay. GAC was effective for 6 months in removing both the mutagenicity of chlorine-treated water and the potential of water to become mutagenic when treated with chlorine. A consistent pattern of these differences indicating overt toxicity was not detected.
- Research Organization:
- Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH
- OSTI ID:
- 5554929
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Health Perspect.; (United States), Vol. 69
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
TOXICITY
DRINKING WATER
CARCINOGEN SCREENING
MUTAGEN SCREENING
WATER TREATMENT
OZONE
ACTIVATED CARBON
ADENOMAS
CARCINOGENESIS
CHLORAMINES
CHLORINATION
CHLORINE OXIDES
ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY
LIVER
LOUISIANA
LUNGS
MICE
MUTAGENESIS
PILOT PLANTS
RATS
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SKIN
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
ADSORBENTS
AMINES
ANIMALS
BACTERIA
BODY
CARBON
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DISEASES
ELEMENTS
FEDERAL REGION VI
FUNCTIONAL MODELS
GLANDS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENATION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
MICROORGANISMS
NEOPLASMS
NONMETALS
NORTH AMERICA
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SCREENING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
USA
VERTEBRATES
WATER
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology