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Title: Structural Basis of Arc Binding to Synaptic Proteins: Implications for Cognitive Disease

Journal Article · · Neuron
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [2];  [1]
  1. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). School of Medicine, Solomon H. Snyder Dept. of Neuroscience
  2. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). School of Medicine, Dept. of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry
  3. Incheon National Univ. (Korea). Dept. of Nano-Bioengineering
  4. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). School of Medicine, Dept. of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences

Arc is a cellular immediate-early gene (IEG) that functions at excitatory synapses and is required for learning and memory. Here we report crystal structures of Arc subdomains that form a bi-lobar architecture remarkably similar to the capsid domain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag protein. Analysis indicates Arc originated from the Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposon family and was “domesticated” in higher vertebrates for synaptic functions. The Arc N-terminal lobe evolved a unique hydrophobic pocket that mediates intermolecular binding with synaptic proteins as resolved in complexes with TARPγ2 (Stargazin) and CaMKII peptides and is essential for Arc’s synaptic function. A consensus sequence for Arc binding identifies several additional partners that include genes implicated in schizophrenia. Arc N-lobe binding is inhibited by small chemicals suggesting Arc’s synaptic action may be druggable. Finally, these studies reveal the remarkable evolutionary origin of Arc and provide a structural basis for understanding Arc’s contribution to neural plasticity and disease.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
RO1 MH053608
OSTI ID:
1213728
Journal Information:
Neuron, Vol. 86, Issue 2; ISSN 0896-6273
Publisher:
Cell Press / ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 100 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (31)

Reward Network Immediate Early Gene Expression in Mood Disorders journal April 2017
Structure of Drosophila melanogaster ARC1 reveals a repurposed molecule with characteristics of retroviral Gag journal January 2020
Structures of virus-like capsids formed by the Drosophila neuronal Arc proteins journal January 2020
Association of SNPs in EGR3 and ARC with Schizophrenia Supports a Biological Pathway for Schizophrenia Risk journal October 2015
Structure of an Arc-ane virus-like capsid journal January 2020
Molecular determinants of Arc oligomerization and formation of virus-like capsids preprint November 2019
Therapeutic Potential of Selectively Targeting the α2C-Adrenoceptor in Cognition, Depression, and Schizophrenia—New Developments and Future Perspective journal August 2017
Chemogenomic analysis reveals key role for lysine acetylation in regulating Arc stability journal November 2017
Role of Immediate-Early Genes in Synaptic Plasticity and Neuronal Ensembles Underlying the Memory Trace journal January 2016
Structure of monomeric full-length ARC sheds light on molecular flexibility, protein interactions, and functional modalities journal September 2018
Transposon expression in the Drosophila brain is driven by neighboring genes and diversifies the neural transcriptome posted_content November 2019
A comparative analysis of the foamy and ortho virus capsid structures reveals an ancient domain duplication journal April 2017
Human Endogenous Retroviruses Are Ancient Acquired Elements Still Shaping Innate Immune Responses journal September 2018
Structure of the Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposon capsid and the evolution of retroviruses journal April 2019
Structural basis for PDZ domain interactions in the post-synaptic density scaffolding protein Shank3 journal June 2018
Structure of monomeric full-length ARC sheds light on molecular flexibility, protein interactions, and functional modalities posted_content May 2018
Transposon expression in the Drosophila brain is driven by neighboring genes and diversifies the neural transcriptome journal September 2020
Structure of Drosophila melanogaster ARC1 reveals a repurposed molecule with characteristics of retroviral Gag. text January 2020
Genetic Disruption of Arc/Arg3.1 in Mice Causes Alterations in Dopamine and Neurobehavioral Phenotypes Related to Schizophrenia journal August 2016
Arc Requires PSD95 for Assembly into Postsynaptic Complexes Involved with Neural Dysfunction and Intelligence journal October 2017
La protéine neuronale Arc : une capside de rétrotransposon recyclée pour des fonctions clés dans les synapses journal November 2020
Examining non-LTR retrotransposons in the context of the evolving primate brain journal August 2017
Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein Controls AMPAR Endocytosis through a Direct Interaction with Clathrin-Adaptor Protein 2 journal May 2016
Schizophrenia: What’s Arc Got to Do with It? journal September 2017
Immediate-Early Genes Modulation by Antipsychotics: Translational Implications for a Putative Gateway to Drug-Induced Long-Term Brain Changes journal December 2017
Arc Interacts with the Integral Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein, Calnexin journal September 2017
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Enhances Expression of the Synaptic Protein Arc for Its Own Benefit journal January 2019
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Higher Arc Nucleus-to-Cytoplasm Ratio during Sleep in the Superficial Layers of the Mouse Cortex journal August 2017
GSK3α and GSK3β Phosphorylate Arc and Regulate its Degradation journal June 2017
Dynamic Arc SUMOylation and Selective Interaction with F-Actin-Binding Protein Drebrin A in LTP Consolidation In Vivo journal May 2017

Figures / Tables (5)


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