Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices

Addiego, Christopher; Zorn, Jacob A.; Gao, Wenpei; Das, Sujit; Guo, Jiaqi; Qu, Chengqing; Zhao, Liming; Martin, Lane W.; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy; Chen, Long-Qing; Pan, Xiaoqing

doi:10.1063/5.0146713

Title: Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO₃/SrTiO₃ superlattices

Abstract

In ferroelectric heterostructures, the interaction between intrinsic polarization and the electric field generates a rich set of localized electrical properties. The local electric field is determined by several connected factors, including the charge distribution of individual unit cells, the interfacial electromechanical boundary conditions, and chemical composition of the interfaces. However, especially in ferroelectric perovskites, a complete description of the local electric field across micro-, nano-, and atomic-length scales is missing. Here, by applying four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) with multiple probe sizes matching the size of structural features, we directly image the electric field of polarization vortices in (PbTiO₃)₁₆/(SrTiO₃)₁₆ superlattices and reveal different electric field configurations corresponding to the atomic scale electronic ordering and the nanoscale boundary conditions. The separability of two different fields probed by 4D STEM offers the possibility to reveal how each contributes to the electronic properties of the film.

Authors:

^[1]; Zorn, Jacob A. ^[2];

^[1];

^[3];

^[1];

^[4];

^[3];

^[2];

^[1]

University of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division

Publication Date:: Thu May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2023

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 2229303

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; SC0014430; SC0020145; ACI-1548562; TG-DMR1700006

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: APL Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2166-532X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Superlattices; Electrical properties and parameters; Electronic devices; Heterostructures; Electric fields; Electron diffraction; Ferroelectric materials; Perovskites, Thin films; Transmission electron microscopy

Citation Formats


                    Addiego, Christopher, Zorn, Jacob A., Gao, Wenpei, Das, Sujit, Guo, Jiaqi, Qu, Chengqing, Zhao, Liming, Martin, Lane W., Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, Chen, Long-Qing, and Pan, Xiaoqing. Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices.  United States: N. p., 2023. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/5.0146713.

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                    Addiego, Christopher, Zorn, Jacob A., Gao, Wenpei, Das, Sujit, Guo, Jiaqi, Qu, Chengqing, Zhao, Liming, Martin, Lane W., Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, Chen, Long-Qing, & Pan, Xiaoqing. Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146713

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                    Addiego, Christopher, Zorn, Jacob A., Gao, Wenpei, Das, Sujit, Guo, Jiaqi, Qu, Chengqing, Zhao, Liming, Martin, Lane W., Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, Chen, Long-Qing, and Pan, Xiaoqing. Thu .  
"Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146713.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2229303.

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@article{osti_2229303,

  title        = {Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices},

  author       = {Addiego, Christopher and Zorn, Jacob A. and Gao, Wenpei and Das, Sujit and Guo, Jiaqi and Qu, Chengqing and Zhao, Liming and Martin, Lane W. and Ramesh, Ramamoorthy and Chen, Long-Qing and Pan, Xiaoqing},

  abstractNote = {In ferroelectric heterostructures, the interaction between intrinsic polarization and the electric field generates a rich set of localized electrical properties. The local electric field is determined by several connected factors, including the charge distribution of individual unit cells, the interfacial electromechanical boundary conditions, and chemical composition of the interfaces. However, especially in ferroelectric perovskites, a complete description of the local electric field across micro-, nano-, and atomic-length scales is missing. Here, by applying four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) with multiple probe sizes matching the size of structural features, we directly image the electric field of polarization vortices in (PbTiO3)16/(SrTiO3)16 superlattices and reveal different electric field configurations corresponding to the atomic scale electronic ordering and the nanoscale boundary conditions. The separability of two different fields probed by 4D STEM offers the possibility to reveal how each contributes to the electronic properties of the film.},

  doi          = {10.1063/5.0146713},

  journal      = {APL Materials},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 11,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2023},

  month        = {Thu May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2023}

}

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Title: Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices

Abstract

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Title: Multiscale electric-field imaging of polarization vortex structures in PbTiO₃/SrTiO₃ superlattices

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First-principles studies of lone-pair-induced distortions in epitaxial phases of perovskite ${SnTiO}_{3}$ and ${PbTiO}_{3}$
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Spatially resolved steady-state negative capacitance
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Intrinsic Conductance of Domain Walls in BiFeO 3
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Influence of lens aberrations, specimen thickness and tilt on differential phase contrast STEM images
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Real-space charge-density imaging with sub-ångström resolution by four-dimensional electron microscopy
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journal, September 2003

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Emerging memories: resistive switching mechanisms and current status
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journal, September 2018

Discovery of a magnetic conductive interface in PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 /SrTiO3 heterostructures
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journal, July 2015

Strain mapping at nanometer resolution using advanced nano-beam electron diffraction
journal, June 2015

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Thickness and defocus dependence of inter-atomic electric fields measured by scanning diffraction
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XSEDE: Accelerating Scientific Discovery
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journal, July 1992

Electric field imaging of single atoms
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Giant Resistive Switching via Control of Ferroelectric Charged Domain Walls
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Differential phase-contrast microscopy at atomic resolution
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Dynamical diffraction of high-energy electrons investigated by focal series momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy at atomic resolution
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journal, April 2021

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journal, August 2013

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journal, December 2014

Measurement of atomic electric fields and charge densities from average momentum transfers using scanning transmission electron microscopy
journal, July 2017

Strain Tuning of Ferroelectric Thin Films
journal, August 2007

Device Physics of Ferroelectric Thin-Film Memories
journal, April 1999