Effect of Cationic (Na+) and Anionic (F–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Wang, Hua; Hashem, Ahmed M.; Abdel-Ghany, Ashraf E.; Abbas, Somia M.; El-Tawil, Rasha S.; Li, Tianyi; Li, Xintong; El-Mounayri, Hazim; Tovar, Andres; Zhu, Likun; Mauger, Alain; Julien, Christian M.

doi:10.3390/ijms23126755

Title: Effect of Cationic (Na⁺) and Anionic (F^–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Elemental doping for substituting lithium or oxygen sites has become a simple and effective technique to improve the electrochemical performance of layered cathode materials. Compared with single-element doping, this work presents an unprecedented contribution to the study of the effect of Na⁺/F^– co-doping on the structure and electrochemical performance of LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂. The co-doped Li_1-zNa_zNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O_2-zF_z (z = 0.025) and pristine LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ materials were synthesized via the sol–gel method using EDTA as a chelating agent. Structural analyses, carried out by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, revealed that the Na⁺ and F^– dopants were successfully incorporated into the Li and O sites, respectively. The co-doping resulted in larger Li-slab spacing, a lower degree of cation mixing, and the stabilization of the surface structure, which substantially enhanced the cycling stability and rate capability of the cathode material. The Na/F co-doped LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ electrode delivered an initial specific capacity of 142 mAh g^–1 at a 1C rate (178 mAh g^–1 at 0.1C), and it maintained 50% of its initial capacity after 1000 charge–discharge cycles at a 1C rate.

Authors:

Wang, Hua ^[1]; Hashem, Ahmed M. ^[2];

^[2]; Abbas, Somia M. ^[2]; El-Tawil, Rasha S. ^[2];

^[3];

^[1]; El-Mounayri, Hazim ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Mauger, Alain ^[4];

^[4]

Indiana Univ.-Purdue Univ. Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN (United States)
National Research Centre, Giza (Egypt)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (France); Sorbonne Univ., Paris (France)

Publication Date:: Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022

Research Org.:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 2217534

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online); Journal Volume: 23; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1422-0067

Publisher:: MDPI

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂; Na/F co-doping; layered oxide; cathode material; long-life cycling; lithium-ion batteries

Citation Formats


                    Wang, Hua, Hashem, Ahmed M., Abdel-Ghany, Ashraf E., Abbas, Somia M., El-Tawil, Rasha S., Li, Tianyi, Li, Xintong, El-Mounayri, Hazim, Tovar, Andres, Zhu, Likun, Mauger, Alain, and Julien, Christian M. Effect of Cationic (Na+) and Anionic (F–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.  United States: N. p., 2022. 
Web.  doi:10.3390/ijms23126755.

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                    Wang, Hua, Hashem, Ahmed M., Abdel-Ghany, Ashraf E., Abbas, Somia M., El-Tawil, Rasha S., Li, Tianyi, Li, Xintong, El-Mounayri, Hazim, Tovar, Andres, Zhu, Likun, Mauger, Alain, & Julien, Christian M. Effect of Cationic (Na+) and Anionic (F–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126755

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                    Wang, Hua, Hashem, Ahmed M., Abdel-Ghany, Ashraf E., Abbas, Somia M., El-Tawil, Rasha S., Li, Tianyi, Li, Xintong, El-Mounayri, Hazim, Tovar, Andres, Zhu, Likun, Mauger, Alain, and Julien, Christian M. Fri .  
"Effect of Cationic (Na+) and Anionic (F–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126755.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2217534.

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@article{osti_2217534,

  title        = {Effect of Cationic (Na+) and Anionic (F–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries},

  author       = {Wang, Hua and Hashem, Ahmed M. and Abdel-Ghany, Ashraf E. and Abbas, Somia M. and El-Tawil, Rasha S. and Li, Tianyi and Li, Xintong and El-Mounayri, Hazim and Tovar, Andres and Zhu, Likun and Mauger, Alain and Julien, Christian M.},

  abstractNote = {Elemental doping for substituting lithium or oxygen sites has become a simple and effective technique to improve the electrochemical performance of layered cathode materials. Compared with single-element doping, this work presents an unprecedented contribution to the study of the effect of Na+/F– co-doping on the structure and electrochemical performance of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2. The co-doped Li1-zNazNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2-zFz (z = 0.025) and pristine LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 materials were synthesized via the sol–gel method using EDTA as a chelating agent. Structural analyses, carried out by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, revealed that the Na+ and F– dopants were successfully incorporated into the Li and O sites, respectively. The co-doping resulted in larger Li-slab spacing, a lower degree of cation mixing, and the stabilization of the surface structure, which substantially enhanced the cycling stability and rate capability of the cathode material. The Na/F co-doped LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 electrode delivered an initial specific capacity of 142 mAh g–1 at a 1C rate (178 mAh g–1 at 0.1C), and it maintained 50% of its initial capacity after 1000 charge–discharge cycles at a 1C rate.},

  doi          = {10.3390/ijms23126755},

  journal      = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 23,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022},

  month        = {Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022}

}

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Graphical abstract: A low-temperature reaction route is introduced based on hydroxide precipitation method to synthesize a cathode material LiNi{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}O{sub 2}. The charge-discharge tests were performed at 1000 mA g{sup -1} between 2.5 and 4.5 V and the discharge capacity is about 160 mAh g{sup -1}. The discharge capacity of the material is strongly impacted by the reaction temperature. The powders sintered at 850 {sup o}C show the best electrochemical performance. Highlights: {yields} A low-temperature reaction route is introduced based on hydroxide precipitation method to synthesize a novel cathode material LiNi{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}O{sub 2}. {yields} The charge-dischargemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2011.07.004
A novel process for recycling and resynthesizing LiNi{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}O{sub 2} from the cathode scraps intended for lithium-ion batteries

Journal Article Zhang, Xihua ; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 ; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Beijing 100190 ; ... - Waste Management

Highlights: • A simple process to recycle cathode scraps intended for lithium-ion batteries. • Complete separation of the cathode material from the aluminum foil is achieved. • The recovered aluminum foil is highly pure. • LiNi{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}O{sub 2} is directly resynthesized from the separated cathode material. - Abstract: To solve the recycling challenge for aqueous binder based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), a novel process for recycling and resynthesizing LiNi{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}O{sub 2} from the cathode scraps generated during manufacturing process is proposed in this study. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is employed to separate the cathode material from the aluminummore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WASMAN.2014.05.023
LiNi_xFe_yAl_zO₂, a new cobalt-free layered cathode material for advanced Li-ion batteries

Journal Article Muralidharan, Nitin ; Essehli, Rachid ; Hermann, Raphael P. ; ... - Journal of Power Sources

Recently, rapid fluctuations in cobalt prices have created a worsening supply chain constraint that has become a serious cause of concern amidst global battery manufacturers. To address this challenge, we report herein a new class of cobalt-free, nickel-rich layered cathode material termed the NFA class with general formula LiNi_xFe_yAl_zO₂ (x + y + z = 1). Using co-precipitation reaction in a continuous stirred tank reactor, we synthesized NFA(OH)₂ precursors with the constituent Ni, Fe and Al elements successfully incorporated. The obtained LiNFAO₂ cathode was characterized using X-Ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical behavior was assessed using cyclicmore »« less
Cited by 37
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228389

Full Text Available
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiNi{sub 0.375}Co{sub 0.25}Mn{sub 0.375-x}Cr{sub x}O{sub 2-x}F{sub x} cathode materials prepared by sol-gel method

Journal Article Yanhuai, Ding ; Institute of Fundamental Mechanics and Material Engineering, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105 ; Ping, Zhang ; ... - Materials Research Bulletin

Layer-structured cathode material for lithium ion batteries LiNi{sub 0.375}Co{sub 0.25}Mn{sub 0.375-x}Cr{sub x}O{sub 2-x}F{sub x} (0 {<=} x < 0.1) has been synthesized from sol-gel precursors. Its structure and electrochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a variety of electrochemical techniques. The XRD results reveal that LiNi{sub 0.375}Co{sub 0.25}Mn{sub 0.375-x}Cr{sub x}O{sub 2-x}F{sub x} has typical hexagonal structure without impurity. The Cr-F co-doped materials show higher specific discharge capacity and improved cycling performance compared with the raw materials as x in the range of 0.00-0.06. LiNi{sub 0.375}Co{sub 0.25}Mn{sub 0.315}Cr{sub 0.06}O{sub 1.94}F{sub 0.06} demonstrates an initial discharge capacity of 168.5 mAhmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.10.009

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Title: Effect of Cationic (Na+) and Anionic (F–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Citation Formats

Effect of surface fluorine substitution on high voltage electrochemical performances of layered LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials journal, May 2016

X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram journal, January 1953

Performance of layered Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as cathode for Li-ion batteries journal, November 2002

Facile Redox Synthesis of Layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 for Rechargeable Li-ion Batteries journal, January 2017

First-Principles Investigation on Electrochemical Performance of Na-Doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 journal, February 2021

(PO4)3− polyanions doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2: An ultrafast-rate, long-life and high-voltage cathode material for Li-ion rechargeable batteries journal, May 2016

Structural and electrochemical properties of layered Li6Ni0.5Mn0.591?xCoxO2 positive materials synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method journal, July 2004

Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications journal, September 2003

Aluminum and fluorine co-doping for promotion of stability and safety of lithium-rich layered cathode material journal, May 2017

Syntheses and electrochemical properties of layered Li 0.95 Na 0.05 Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 and LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 journal, February 2014

Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Properties of Fluorinated Nickel‐Cobalt‐Manganese Cathode Active Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries journal, March 2020

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of the Lithium-Manganese-Rich Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries with Na and F CoDoping journal, September 2019

Mitigating Voltage Fade in Cathode Materials by Improving the Atomic Level Uniformity of Elemental Distribution journal, April 2014

Structural and Electrochemical Study of Hierarchical LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, September 2015

Structural design of high-performance Ni-rich LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 cathode materials enhanced by Mg2+ doping and Li3PO4 coating for lithium ion battery journal, February 2022

Synthesis and Characterization of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2−xClx as Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries at 55°C journal, January 2013

Morphology and electrochemical properties of Al doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanofibers prepared by electrospinning journal, November 2009

Structural and electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2−F prepared by solid state reaction journal, June 2006

Strengthened the structural stability of in-situ F− doping Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries journal, June 2022

Structural and electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 material prepared by a two-step synthesis via oxalate precursor journal, October 2011

The electrochemical property of ZrFx-coated Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 cathode material journal, September 2010

Electrochemistry and Structural Chemistry of LiNiO[sub 2] (R3m) for 4 Volt Secondary Lithium Cells journal, January 1993

Improvement of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Cathode Materials by Nano-MgO Doping journal, January 2011

Enhanced electrochemical properties of Ni-rich layered cathode materials via Mg2+ and Ti4+ co-doping for lithium-ion batteries journal, November 2021

Synthesis and characterization of high tap-density layered Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 cathode material via hydroxide co-precipitation journal, July 2006

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of layered Li[Ni0.333Co0.333Mn0.293Al0.04]O2−zFz cathode materials prepared by the sol–gel method journal, September 2006

Al, B, and F doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 as cathode material of lithium-ion batteries journal, November 2006

Synergistic coupling effect of sodium and fluorine co-substitution on enhancing rate capability and cycling performance of Ni-rich cathode for lithium ion battery journal, May 2019

Comparative Issues of Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries journal, March 2014

Improvement of electrochemical properties of layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 positive electrode material by zirconium doping journal, May 2011

Effects of Fluorine and Chromium Doping on the Performance of Lithium-Rich Li 1+ x MO 2 (M = Ni, Mn, Co) Positive Electrodes journal, November 2017

Facile synthesis of fluorine doped single crystal Ni-rich cathode material for lithium-ion batteries journal, December 2019

Enhanced electrochemical performance of LiF-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries journal, March 2013

High Performance and Structural Stability of K and Cl Co-Doped LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Cathode Materials in 4.6 Voltage journal, January 2019

Na-doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 with enhanced rate performance as a cathode for Li-ion batteries journal, March 2022

Effects of fluorine doping on structure, surface chemistry, and electrochemical performance of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 journal, August 2015

Fluorine-Doped LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, September 2020

Synergistic Na+ and F− co-doping modification strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li1·20Mn0·54Ni0·13Co0·13O2 cathode journal, October 2020

A cation/anion co-doped Li1.12Na0.08Ni0.2Mn0.6O1.95F0.05 cathode for lithium ion batteries journal, April 2019

A low temperature fluorine substitution on the electrochemical performance of layered LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2−zFz cathode materials journal, March 2013

Synthesis of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2−zFz cathode material from oxalate precursors for lithium ion battery journal, February 2007

Improvement of Electrochemical Performances of Li[Ni[sub 0.8]Co[sub 0.1]Mn[sub 0.1]]O[sub 2] Cathode Materials by Fluorine Substitution journal, January 2007

TEM and Raman spectroscopy evidence of layered to spinel phase transformation in layered LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 upon cycling to higher voltages journal, November 2014

A reflection on lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry journal, March 2020

Synthesis and surface treatment of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries journal, January 2009

Porous Electrode Model with Particle Stress Effects for Li(Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 )O 2 Electrode journal, January 2019

Enhanced electrochemical performances of Na-doped cathode material LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 for lithium-ion batteries journal, August 2017

Improved electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode material by fluorine incorporation journal, August 2013

Improvement of high-voltage cycling behavior of Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 cathodes by Mg, Cr, and Al substitution journal, October 2008

Functional behavior of AlF3 coatings for high-performance cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries journal, January 2019

Application of A-C Techniques to the Study of Lithium Diffusion in Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films journal, January 1980

K-doped layered LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 cathode material: Towards the superior rate capability and cycling performance journal, March 2017

Unraveling Na and F coupling effects in stabilizing Li, Mn-rich layered oxide cathodes via local ordering modification journal, October 2020

Characterization of Na-substituted LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion battery journal, November 2013

In situ Raman analyses of electrode materials for Li-ion batteries journal, January 2018

Study of the local structure of LiNi0.33+δMn0.33+δCo0.33−2δO2 (0.025≤δ≤0.075) oxides journal, July 2012

Effects of Cr2O3-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries journal, December 2016

Layered Lithium Insertion Material of LiCo 1/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, July 2001

Hierarchical Porous LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Nano-/Micro Spherical Cathode Material: Minimized Cation Mixing and Improved Li+ Mobility for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance journal, May 2016

Characterization of Li[Ni[sub 1∕3]Co[sub 1∕3]Mn[sub 1∕3]]O[sub 2] Synthesized Via Salvolatile Coprecipitation for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, January 2007

Title: Effect of Cationic (Na⁺) and Anionic (F^–) Co-Doping on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Effect of surface fluorine substitution on high voltage electrochemical performances of layered LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ cathode materials
journal, May 2016

X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram
journal, January 1953

Performance of layered Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as cathode for Li-ion batteries
journal, November 2002

Facile Redox Synthesis of Layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 for Rechargeable Li-ion Batteries
journal, January 2017

First-Principles Investigation on Electrochemical Performance of Na-Doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2
journal, February 2021

(PO4)3− polyanions doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2: An ultrafast-rate, long-life and high-voltage cathode material for Li-ion rechargeable batteries
journal, May 2016

Structural and electrochemical properties of layered Li6Ni0.5Mn0.591?xCoxO2 positive materials synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method
journal, July 2004

Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications
journal, September 2003

Aluminum and fluorine co-doping for promotion of stability and safety of lithium-rich layered cathode material
journal, May 2017

Syntheses and electrochemical properties of layered Li 0.95 Na 0.05 Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 and LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2
journal, February 2014

Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Properties of Fluorinated Nickel‐Cobalt‐Manganese Cathode Active Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
journal, March 2020

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of the Lithium-Manganese-Rich Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries with Na and F CoDoping
journal, September 2019

Mitigating Voltage Fade in Cathode Materials by Improving the Atomic Level Uniformity of Elemental Distribution
journal, April 2014

Structural and Electrochemical Study of Hierarchical LiNi _1/3 Co _1/3 Mn _1/3 O ₂ Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, September 2015

Structural design of high-performance Ni-rich LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 cathode materials enhanced by Mg2+ doping and Li3PO4 coating for lithium ion battery
journal, February 2022

Synthesis and Characterization of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2−xClx as Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries at 55°C
journal, January 2013

Morphology and electrochemical properties of Al doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanofibers prepared by electrospinning
journal, November 2009

Structural and electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2−F prepared by solid state reaction
journal, June 2006

Strengthened the structural stability of in-situ F− doping Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
journal, June 2022

Structural and electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 material prepared by a two-step synthesis via oxalate precursor
journal, October 2011

The electrochemical property of ZrFx-coated Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 cathode material
journal, September 2010

Electrochemistry and Structural Chemistry of LiNiO[sub 2] (R3m) for 4 Volt Secondary Lithium Cells
journal, January 1993

Improvement of LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ Cathode Materials by Nano-MgO Doping
journal, January 2011

Enhanced electrochemical properties of Ni-rich layered cathode materials via Mg2+ and Ti4+ co-doping for lithium-ion batteries
journal, November 2021

Synthesis and characterization of high tap-density layered Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 cathode material via hydroxide co-precipitation
journal, July 2006

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of layered Li[Ni0.333Co0.333Mn0.293Al0.04]O2−zFz cathode materials prepared by the sol–gel method
journal, September 2006

Al, B, and F doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 as cathode material of lithium-ion batteries
journal, November 2006

Synergistic coupling effect of sodium and fluorine co-substitution on enhancing rate capability and cycling performance of Ni-rich cathode for lithium ion battery
journal, May 2019

Comparative Issues of Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, March 2014

Improvement of electrochemical properties of layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 positive electrode material by zirconium doping
journal, May 2011

Effects of Fluorine and Chromium Doping on the Performance of Lithium-Rich Li _{1+ x} MO ₂ (M = Ni, Mn, Co) Positive Electrodes
journal, November 2017

Facile synthesis of fluorine doped single crystal Ni-rich cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
journal, December 2019

Enhanced electrochemical performance of LiF-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries
journal, March 2013

High Performance and Structural Stability of K and Cl Co-Doped LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Cathode Materials in 4.6 Voltage
journal, January 2019

Na-doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 with enhanced rate performance as a cathode for Li-ion batteries
journal, March 2022

Effects of fluorine doping on structure, surface chemistry, and electrochemical performance of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂
journal, August 2015

Fluorine-Doped LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, September 2020

Synergistic Na+ and F− co-doping modification strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li1·20Mn0·54Ni0·13Co0·13O2 cathode
journal, October 2020

A cation/anion co-doped Li1.12Na0.08Ni0.2Mn0.6O1.95F0.05 cathode for lithium ion batteries
journal, April 2019

A low temperature fluorine substitution on the electrochemical performance of layered LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2−zFz cathode materials
journal, March 2013

Synthesis of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2−zFz cathode material from oxalate precursors for lithium ion battery
journal, February 2007

Improvement of Electrochemical Performances of Li[Ni[sub 0.8]Co[sub 0.1]Mn[sub 0.1]]O[sub 2] Cathode Materials by Fluorine Substitution
journal, January 2007

TEM and Raman spectroscopy evidence of layered to spinel phase transformation in layered LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 upon cycling to higher voltages
journal, November 2014

A reflection on lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry
journal, March 2020

Synthesis and surface treatment of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2009

Porous Electrode Model with Particle Stress Effects for Li(Ni _1/3 Co _1/3 Mn _1/3 )O ₂ Electrode
journal, January 2019

Enhanced electrochemical performances of Na-doped cathode material LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 for lithium-ion batteries
journal, August 2017

Improved electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode material by fluorine incorporation
journal, August 2013

Improvement of high-voltage cycling behavior of Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 cathodes by Mg, Cr, and Al substitution
journal, October 2008

Functional behavior of AlF₃ coatings for high-performance cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
journal, January 2019

Application of A-C Techniques to the Study of Lithium Diffusion in Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films
journal, January 1980

K-doped layered LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 cathode material: Towards the superior rate capability and cycling performance
journal, March 2017

Unraveling Na and F coupling effects in stabilizing Li, Mn-rich layered oxide cathodes via local ordering modification
journal, October 2020

Characterization of Na-substituted LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion battery
journal, November 2013

In situ Raman analyses of electrode materials for Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2018

Study of the local structure of LiNi0.33+δMn0.33+δCo0.33−2δO2 (0.025≤δ≤0.075) oxides
journal, July 2012

Effects of Cr2O3-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries
journal, December 2016

Layered Lithium Insertion Material of LiCo _1/3 Ni _1/3 Mn _1/3 O ₂ for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, July 2001

Hierarchical Porous LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Nano-/Micro Spherical Cathode Material: Minimized Cation Mixing and Improved Li+ Mobility for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance
journal, May 2016

Characterization of Li[Ni[sub 1∕3]Co[sub 1∕3]Mn[sub 1∕3]]O[sub 2] Synthesized Via Salvolatile Coprecipitation for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2007