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Title: Polarized vector oscillons

Abstract

Oscillons are spatially localized, time-periodic, and long-lived configurations that were primarily proposed in scalar field theories with attractive self-interactions. In this paper, we demonstrate that oscillons also exist in the low-energy effective theory of an interacting massive (real) vector field. We provide two types of vector oscillons with vanishing orbital angular momentum, and approximately spherically symmetric energy density, but not field configurations. These are: (1) “directional” oscillons (linearly polarized), with vanishing total intrinsic spin, and (2) “spinning” oscillons (circularly polarized) with a macroscopic intrinsic spin equal to ℏ× number of particles in the oscillon. In contrast to the case with only gravitational interactions, the two oscillons have different energy at a fixed particle number even in the nonrelativistic limit. By carrying out relativistic 3+1d simulations, we show that these oscillons can be long-lived (compared to the oscillation time for the fields), and can arise from a range of Gaussian initial spatial profiles. These considerations make vector oscillons potentially relevant during the early universe and in dark photon dark matter, with novel phenomenology related to their polarization.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1982800
Grant/Contract Number:  
80NSSC20K0518
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review. D.
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 105; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Physics; classicl solutions in field theory; dark matter; polarization; spin

Citation Formats

Zhang, Hong-Yi, Jain, Mudit, and Amin, Mustafa A. Polarized vector oscillons. United States: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.1103/physrevd.105.096037.
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Zhang, Hong-Yi, Jain, Mudit, & Amin, Mustafa A. Polarized vector oscillons. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.105.096037
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Zhang, Hong-Yi, Jain, Mudit, and Amin, Mustafa A. Fri . "Polarized vector oscillons". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.105.096037. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1982800.
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@article{osti_1982800,
title = {Polarized vector oscillons},
author = {Zhang, Hong-Yi and Jain, Mudit and Amin, Mustafa A.},
abstractNote = {Oscillons are spatially localized, time-periodic, and long-lived configurations that were primarily proposed in scalar field theories with attractive self-interactions. In this paper, we demonstrate that oscillons also exist in the low-energy effective theory of an interacting massive (real) vector field. We provide two types of vector oscillons with vanishing orbital angular momentum, and approximately spherically symmetric energy density, but not field configurations. These are: (1) “directional” oscillons (linearly polarized), with vanishing total intrinsic spin, and (2) “spinning” oscillons (circularly polarized) with a macroscopic intrinsic spin equal to ℏ× number of particles in the oscillon. In contrast to the case with only gravitational interactions, the two oscillons have different energy at a fixed particle number even in the nonrelativistic limit. By carrying out relativistic 3+1d simulations, we show that these oscillons can be long-lived (compared to the oscillation time for the fields), and can arise from a range of Gaussian initial spatial profiles. These considerations make vector oscillons potentially relevant during the early universe and in dark photon dark matter, with novel phenomenology related to their polarization.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevd.105.096037},
journal = {Physical Review. D.},
number = 9,
volume = 105,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri May 27 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Fri May 27 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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