CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter]

Bloser, Peter Forbes; Murphy, David; Fiore, Fabrizio; Perkins, Jeremy

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_53-1

Title: CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter]

Abstract

After many years of flying in space primarily for educational purposes, CubeSats – tiny satellites with form factors corresponding to arrangements of “1U” units, or cubes, each 10 cm on a side – have come into their own as valuable platforms for technology advancement and scientific investigations. CubeSats offer comparatively rapid, low-cost access to space for payloads that can be built, tested, and operated by relatively small teams, with substantial contributions from students and early career researchers. Continuing advances in compact, low-power detectors, readout electronics, and flight computers have now enabled X-ray and gamma-ray sensing payloads that can fit within the constraints of CubeSat missions, permitting in-orbit demonstrations of new techniques and innovative high-energy astronomy observations. Gamma-ray-sensing CubeSats are certain to make an important contribution in the new era of multi-messenger, time-domain astronomy by detecting and localizing bright transients such as gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes; however, other astrophysical science areas requiring long observations in a low-background environment, including gamma-ray polarimetry, studies of nuclear lines, and measurement of diffuse backgrounds, will likely benefit as well. Here we present the primary benefits of CubeSats for high-energy astronomy, highlight the scientific areas currently or soon to be studied, andmore »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Murphy, David ^[2]; Fiore, Fabrizio ^[3]; Perkins, Jeremy ^[4]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
University College Dublin (Ireland)
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Trieste (Italy). Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Nov 29 00:00:00 EST 2022

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; Science Foundation Ireland

OSTI Identifier:: 1961382

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-22-30861
Journal ID: ISBN 978-981-16-4544-0

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; 19/FFP/6777

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics

Additional Journal Information:: Related Information: Chapter in the book titled "Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics", ed. by Cosimo Bambi and Andrea Santangelo

Publisher:: Springer, Singapore

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; CubeSats; gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray detectors; gamma-ray bursts; solar flares; terrestrial gamma-ray flashes; multi-messenger astronomy; transients; nanosatellites; constellations

Citation Formats


                    Bloser, Peter Forbes, Murphy, David, Fiore, Fabrizio, and Perkins, Jeremy. CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter].  United States: N. p., 2022. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_53-1.

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                    Bloser, Peter Forbes, Murphy, David, Fiore, Fabrizio, & Perkins, Jeremy. CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter].  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_53-1

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                    Bloser, Peter Forbes, Murphy, David, Fiore, Fabrizio, and Perkins, Jeremy. Tue .  
"CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter]".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_53-1.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1961382.

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@article{osti_1961382,

  title        = {CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter]},

  author       = {Bloser, Peter Forbes and Murphy, David and Fiore, Fabrizio and Perkins, Jeremy},

  abstractNote = {After many years of flying in space primarily for educational purposes, CubeSats – tiny satellites with form factors corresponding to arrangements of “1U” units, or cubes, each 10 cm on a side – have come into their own as valuable platforms for technology advancement and scientific investigations. CubeSats offer comparatively rapid, low-cost access to space for payloads that can be built, tested, and operated by relatively small teams, with substantial contributions from students and early career researchers. Continuing advances in compact, low-power detectors, readout electronics, and flight computers have now enabled X-ray and gamma-ray sensing payloads that can fit within the constraints of CubeSat missions, permitting in-orbit demonstrations of new techniques and innovative high-energy astronomy observations. Gamma-ray-sensing CubeSats are certain to make an important contribution in the new era of multi-messenger, time-domain astronomy by detecting and localizing bright transients such as gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes; however, other astrophysical science areas requiring long observations in a low-background environment, including gamma-ray polarimetry, studies of nuclear lines, and measurement of diffuse backgrounds, will likely benefit as well. Here we present the primary benefits of CubeSats for high-energy astronomy, highlight the scientific areas currently or soon to be studied, and review the missions that are currently operating, under development, or proposed. A rich portfolio of CubeSats for gamma-ray astronomy already exists, and the potential for a broad range of creative and scientifically productive missions in the near future is very high.},

  doi          = {10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_53-1},

  journal      = {Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Nov 29 00:00:00 EST 2022},

  month        = {Tue Nov 29 00:00:00 EST 2022}

}

Copy to clipboard

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Title: CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy [Book Chapter]

Abstract

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GAGG Radiation Instrumentation (GARI) conference, August 2021

Balloon flight test of a Compton telescope based on scintillators with silicon photomultiplier readouts journal, March 2016

CUSP: a two cubesats constellation for space weather and solar flares x-ray polarimetry conference, August 2022

The ASIM Mission on the International Space Station journal, March 2019

In-orbit radiation damage characterization of SiPMs in the GRID-02 CubeSat detector journal, December 2022

A Complete Mission Concept Design and Analysis of the Student-Led CubeSat Project: Light-1 journal, September 2021

THE EVOLUTION OF SWIFT /BAT BLAZARS AND THE ORIGIN OF THE MeV BACKGROUND journal, June 2009

Mission Test Campaign for the EIRSAT-1 Engineering Qualification Model journal, February 2022

Scintillators with silicon photomultiplier readouts for high-energy astrophysics and heliophysics conference, July 2014

Instrument description and performance of the Imaging Gamma-Ray Telescope COMPTEL aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory journal, May 1993

Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A journal, October 2017

The physics of gamma-ray bursts & relativistic jets journal, February 2015

FIRST LIGHT: MeV ASTROPHYSICS FROM THE MOON journal, May 2016

Design and test of a portable Gamma-Ray Burst simulator for GECAM journal, July 2021

The Fermi-GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog: 10 yr of Data journal, May 2021

GRIPS - Gamma-Ray Imaging, Polarimetry and Spectroscopy journal, August 2011

Feasibility of Observing Gamma-Ray Polarization from Cygnus X-1 Using a CubeSat journal, July 2020

Calibrations of the Compton Spectrometer and Imager journal, May 2022

Miniature X-Ray Solar Spectrometer: A Science-Oriented, University 3U CubeSat journal, March 2016

The Gamma-ray Transients Monitor (GTM) on board Formosat-8B and its GRB detection efficiency journal, January 2022

Development of the EIRSAT-1 CubeSat through Functional Verification of the Engineering Qualification Model journal, September 2021

Polarized Gamma-Ray Emission from the Galactic Black Hole Cygnus X-1 journal, March 2011

The COMPTEL instrumental line background journal, March 2001

Radiation damage study of SensL J-series silicon photomultipliers using 101.4 MeV protons journal, October 2020

Localisation of gamma-ray interaction points in thick monolithic CeBr 3 and LaBr 3 :Ce scintillators journal, February 2017

GRBAlpha: a 1U CubeSat mission for validating timing-based gamma-ray burst localization conference, December 2020

A Review of Requirements for Gamma Radiation Detection in Space Using CubeSats journal, March 2021

Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts journal, August 2014

The COMPTEL instrumental-line background conference, January 2000

The Gamma Cube: a novel concept of gamma-ray telescope conference, July 2014

LECX: a cubesat experiment to detect and localize cosmic explosions in hard X-rays journal, February 2020

A DUAL mission for nuclear astrophysics journal, April 2012

IGOSat - A 3U Cubesat for measuring the radiative/electrons content in low Earth orbit and ionosphere journal, December 2018

CloudScout: A Deep Neural Network for On-Board Cloud Detection on Hyperspectral Images journal, July 2020

Reanalysis of the Apollo cosmic gamma-ray spectrum in the 0.3 to 10 MeV energy region journal, March 1977

Sensor for small satellite relative PNT in deep-space conference, April 2016

GRID: a student project to monitor the transient gamma-ray sky in the multi-messenger astronomy era journal, August 2019

Strontium iodide radiation instrumentation II (SIRI-2) conference, September 2019

THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY BURST MONITOR journal, August 2009

THE ORIGIN OF THE COSMIC GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND IN THE MeV RANGE journal, March 2016

AMEGO: exploring the extreme multi-messenger universe conference, December 2020

Gamma-ray spectroscopy of positron annihilation in the Milky Way journal, January 2016

Introducing the MeVCube concept: a CubeSat for MeV observations journal, August 2022

High-Energy Multimessenger Transient Astrophysics journal, October 2019

Gamma-ray observations of cosmic nuclei journal, January 2022

The physics of gamma-ray bursts journal, January 2005

Statistical Properties of Gamma-Ray Burst Polarization journal, May 2009

LICIACube - The Light Italian Cubesat for Imaging of Asteroids In support of the NASA DART mission towards asteroid (65803) Didymos
journal, May 2021

A compact instrument for gamma-ray burst detection on a CubeSat platform I
journal, August 2021

Constraining the magnetic field structure in collisionless relativistic shocks with a radio afterglow polarization upper limit in GW 170817
journal, November 2019

GRB 210121A: A Typical Fireball Burst Detected by Two Small Missions
journal, December 2021

Results from the Advanced Scintillator Compton Telescope (ASCOT) balloon payload
conference, December 2020

Characterisation of a CeBr₃(LB) detector for space application
journal, September 2019

Small satellites for space science
journal, October 2019

The MeV cosmic gamma-ray background measured with SMM
conference, January 2000

Thermal Vacuum Test Campaign of the EIRSAT-1 Engineering Qualification Model
journal, February 2022

A compact instrument for gamma-ray burst detection on a CubeSat platform II
journal, March 2022

First identification and modelling of SPI background lines
journal, November 2003

Recent Advances in Understanding Particle Acceleration Processes in Solar Flares
journal, July 2011

Energy Spectra of Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts
journal, October 1973

MinXSS-2 CubeSat mission overview: Improvements from the successful MinXSS-1 mission
journal, July 2020

Gamma-ray astrophysics in the MeV range
journal, June 2021

Discovery of Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes of Atmospheric Origin
journal, May 1994

Observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts of Cosmic Origin
journal, May 1973

Balloon flight test of a CeBr3 detector with silicon photomultiplier readout
journal, June 2021

GAGG Radiation Instrumentation (GARI)
conference, August 2021

Balloon flight test of a Compton telescope based on scintillators with silicon photomultiplier readouts
journal, March 2016

CUSP: a two cubesats constellation for space weather and solar flares x-ray polarimetry
conference, August 2022

The ASIM Mission on the International Space Station
journal, March 2019

In-orbit radiation damage characterization of SiPMs in the GRID-02 CubeSat detector
journal, December 2022

A Complete Mission Concept Design and Analysis of the Student-Led CubeSat Project: Light-1
journal, September 2021

THE EVOLUTION OF SWIFT /BAT BLAZARS AND THE ORIGIN OF THE MeV BACKGROUND
journal, June 2009

Mission Test Campaign for the EIRSAT-1 Engineering Qualification Model
journal, February 2022

Scintillators with silicon photomultiplier readouts for high-energy astrophysics and heliophysics
conference, July 2014

Instrument description and performance of the Imaging Gamma-Ray Telescope COMPTEL aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory
journal, May 1993

Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
journal, October 2017

The physics of gamma-ray bursts & relativistic jets
journal, February 2015

FIRST LIGHT: MeV ASTROPHYSICS FROM THE MOON
journal, May 2016

Design and test of a portable Gamma-Ray Burst simulator for GECAM
journal, July 2021

The Fermi-GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog: 10 yr of Data
journal, May 2021

GRIPS - Gamma-Ray Imaging, Polarimetry and Spectroscopy
journal, August 2011

Feasibility of Observing Gamma-Ray Polarization from Cygnus X-1 Using a CubeSat
journal, July 2020

Calibrations of the Compton Spectrometer and Imager
journal, May 2022

Miniature X-Ray Solar Spectrometer: A Science-Oriented, University 3U CubeSat
journal, March 2016

The Gamma-ray Transients Monitor (GTM) on board Formosat-8B and its GRB detection efficiency
journal, January 2022

Development of the EIRSAT-1 CubeSat through Functional Verification of the Engineering Qualification Model
journal, September 2021

Polarized Gamma-Ray Emission from the Galactic Black Hole Cygnus X-1
journal, March 2011

The COMPTEL instrumental line background
journal, March 2001

Radiation damage study of SensL J-series silicon photomultipliers using 101.4 MeV protons
journal, October 2020

Localisation of gamma-ray interaction points in thick monolithic CeBr 3 and LaBr 3 :Ce scintillators
journal, February 2017

GRBAlpha: a 1U CubeSat mission for validating timing-based gamma-ray burst localization
conference, December 2020

A Review of Requirements for Gamma Radiation Detection in Space Using CubeSats
journal, March 2021

Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
journal, August 2014

The COMPTEL instrumental-line background
conference, January 2000

The Gamma Cube: a novel concept of gamma-ray telescope
conference, July 2014

LECX: a cubesat experiment to detect and localize cosmic explosions in hard X-rays
journal, February 2020

A DUAL mission for nuclear astrophysics
journal, April 2012

IGOSat - A 3U Cubesat for measuring the radiative/electrons content in low Earth orbit and ionosphere
journal, December 2018

CloudScout: A Deep Neural Network for On-Board Cloud Detection on Hyperspectral Images
journal, July 2020

Reanalysis of the Apollo cosmic gamma-ray spectrum in the 0.3 to 10 MeV energy region
journal, March 1977

Sensor for small satellite relative PNT in deep-space
conference, April 2016

GRID: a student project to monitor the transient gamma-ray sky in the multi-messenger astronomy era
journal, August 2019

Strontium iodide radiation instrumentation II (SIRI-2)
conference, September 2019

THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY BURST MONITOR
journal, August 2009

THE ORIGIN OF THE COSMIC GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND IN THE MeV RANGE
journal, March 2016

AMEGO: exploring the extreme multi-messenger universe
conference, December 2020

Gamma-ray spectroscopy of positron annihilation in the Milky Way
journal, January 2016

Introducing the MeVCube concept: a CubeSat for MeV observations
journal, August 2022

High-Energy Multimessenger Transient Astrophysics
journal, October 2019

Gamma-ray observations of cosmic nuclei
journal, January 2022

The physics of gamma-ray bursts
journal, January 2005

Statistical Properties of Gamma-Ray Burst Polarization
journal, May 2009