Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3H and 3He

Abstract

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure, and mapping out the strength and the isospin structure (neutron-proton (np) versus proton-proton (pp) pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modelling a range of nuclear, particle and astrophysics measurements. Two-nucleon knockout or 'triple coincidence' reactions have been used to measure the relative contribution of np-SRCs and pp-SRCs by knocking out a proton from the SRC and detecting its partner nucleon (proton or neutron). These measurements have shown that SRCs are almost exclusively np pairs, but they had limited statistics and required large model-dependent final-state interaction corrections. Here we report on measurements using inclusive scattering from the mirror nuclei hydrogen-3 and helium-3 to extract the np/pp ratio of SRCs in systems with a mass number of three. In this work we obtain a measure of the np/pp SRC ratio that is an order of magnitudemore » more precise than previous experiments, and find a marked deviation from the near-total np dominance observed in heavy nuclei. This result implies an unexpected structure in the high-momentum wavefunction for hydrogen-3 and helium-3. Understanding these results will improve our understanding of the short-range part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [7];  [8]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [11];  [10]; ORCiD logo [11];  [12];  [13];  [14];  [14];  [15];  [16] more »;  [17];  [18];  [10];  [17];  [19];  [20];  [21];  [17];  [11]; ORCiD logo [5];  [14];  [22];  [5];  [23];  [15];  [24];  [17];  [20];  [15];  [25]; ORCiD logo [17];  [16];  [26]; ORCiD logo [17];  [27]; ORCiD logo [16];  [24];  [24];  [14];  [25];  [17];  [16];  [21]; ORCiD logo [28];  [29];  [30];  [21];  [15];  [10];  [31];  [5];  [30];  [32];  [18];  [17];  [23]; ORCiD logo [17];  [12];  [17];  [33];  [34];  [24];  [5];  [5];  [25];  [35];  [12]; ORCiD logo [10];  [5];  [15];  [12];  [21];  [10];  [19];  [36];  [5];  [37];  [38]; ORCiD logo [27];  [18];  [27];  [28];  [39]; ORCiD logo [12];  [12];  [12];  [40];  [30];  [30];  [41];  [25];  [17];  [17];  [17];  [42];  [43]; ORCiD logo [13];  [24];  [24];  [23]; ORCiD logo [19]; ORCiD logo [44]; ORCiD logo [17];  [17];  [5]; ORCiD logo [5] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  2. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  4. Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  5. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
  6. Kent State Univ., Kent, OH (United States); Univ. of Glasgow, Scotland (United Kingdom)
  7. King Saud Univ., Riyadh (Saudi Arabia)
  8. Univ. of Zagreb (Croatia)
  9. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  10. California State Univ., Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  11. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA (United States)
  12. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  13. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  14. National Inst. of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Catania (Italy)
  15. Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)
  16. Hampton Univ., Hampton, VA (United States)
  17. Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States)
  18. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  19. Florida International Univ. (FIU), Miami, FL (United States)
  20. Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States); Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States)
  21. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
  22. State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Stony Brook, NY (United States)
  23. Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
  24. National Inst. of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Rome (Italy)
  25. Kent State Univ., Kent, OH (United States)
  26. Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan)
  27. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  28. Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)
  29. Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States)
  30. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
  31. Nuclear Research Center Negev, Beer Sheva (Israel)
  32. Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
  33. Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB (Canada); Jozef Stefan Inst. (IJS), Ljubljana (Slovenia); Univ. of Ljubljana (Slovenia)
  34. Johannes Gutenberg Univ., Mainz (Germany)
  35. Christopher Newport Univ., Newport News, VA (United States)
  36. Saint Norbert College, De Pere, WI (United States)
  37. Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology (Ukraine)
  38. Norfolk State Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States)
  39. Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (United States)
  40. Universidad Ana G. Méndez, San Juan (Puerto Rico)
  41. Jozef Stefan Inst. (IJS), Ljubljana (Slovenia); Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB (Canada)
  42. Yerevan Physics Inst. (YerPhI) (Armenia)
  43. Syracuse Univ., NY (United States)
  44. Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1894352
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1897485; OSTI ID: 1902344; OSTI ID: 1906396
Report Number(s):
JLAB-PHY-22-3577; DOE/OR/23177-5636
Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836; TRN: US2310269
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-06OR23177; AC02-05CH11231; FG02-96ER40950; FG02-88ER40410; SC0014168; NSF PHY-1714809; AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature (London)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Nature (London); Journal Volume: 609; Journal Issue: 7925; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats

Li, S., Cruz-Torres, R., Santiesteban, N., Ye, Z. H., Abrams, D., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Arrington, J., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bane, J., Barcus, S., Barrow, J., Beck, A., Bellini, V., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Bulumulla, D., Camsonne, A., Castellanos, J., Chen, J., Chen, J. -P., Chrisman, D., Christy, M. E., Clarke, C., Covrig, S., Craycraft, K., Day, D., Dutta, D., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Garibaldi, F., Gautam, T. N., Gogami, T., Gomez, J., Guèye, P., Habarakada, A., Hague, T. J., Hansen, J. O., Hauenstein, F., Henry, W., Higinbotham, D. W., Holt, R. J., Hyde, C., Itabashi, T., Kaneta, M., Karki, A., Katramatou, A. T., Keppel, C. E., Khachatryan, M., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Korover, I., Kurbany, L., Kutz, T., Lashley-Colthirst, N., Li, W. B., Liu, H., Liyanage, N., Long, E., Mammei, J., Markowitz, P., McClellan, R. E., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Beck, S. Mey-Tal, Michaels, R., Mihovilovič, M., Moyer, A., Nagao, S., Nelyubin, V., Nguyen, D., Nycz, M., Olson, M., Ou, L., Owen, V., Palatchi, C., Pandey, B., Papadopoulou, A., Park, S., Paul, S., Petkovic, T., Pomatsalyuk, R., Premathilake, S., Punjabi, V., Ransome, R. D., Reimer, P. E., Reinhold, J., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Rodriguez, V. M., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Segarra, E. P., Shahinyan, A., Slifer, K., Solvignon, P., Širca, S., Su, T., Suleiman, R., Szumila-Vance, H., Tang, L., Tian, Y., Tireman, W., Tortorici, F., Toyama, Y., Uehara, K., Urciuoli, G. M., Votaw, D., Williamson, J., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Zhang, J., and Zheng, X. Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3H and 3He. United States: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2.
Copy to clipboard
Li, S., Cruz-Torres, R., Santiesteban, N., Ye, Z. H., Abrams, D., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Arrington, J., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bane, J., Barcus, S., Barrow, J., Beck, A., Bellini, V., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Bulumulla, D., Camsonne, A., Castellanos, J., Chen, J., Chen, J. -P., Chrisman, D., Christy, M. E., Clarke, C., Covrig, S., Craycraft, K., Day, D., Dutta, D., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Garibaldi, F., Gautam, T. N., Gogami, T., Gomez, J., Guèye, P., Habarakada, A., Hague, T. J., Hansen, J. O., Hauenstein, F., Henry, W., Higinbotham, D. W., Holt, R. J., Hyde, C., Itabashi, T., Kaneta, M., Karki, A., Katramatou, A. T., Keppel, C. E., Khachatryan, M., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Korover, I., Kurbany, L., Kutz, T., Lashley-Colthirst, N., Li, W. B., Liu, H., Liyanage, N., Long, E., Mammei, J., Markowitz, P., McClellan, R. E., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Beck, S. Mey-Tal, Michaels, R., Mihovilovič, M., Moyer, A., Nagao, S., Nelyubin, V., Nguyen, D., Nycz, M., Olson, M., Ou, L., Owen, V., Palatchi, C., Pandey, B., Papadopoulou, A., Park, S., Paul, S., Petkovic, T., Pomatsalyuk, R., Premathilake, S., Punjabi, V., Ransome, R. D., Reimer, P. E., Reinhold, J., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Rodriguez, V. M., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Segarra, E. P., Shahinyan, A., Slifer, K., Solvignon, P., Širca, S., Su, T., Suleiman, R., Szumila-Vance, H., Tang, L., Tian, Y., Tireman, W., Tortorici, F., Toyama, Y., Uehara, K., Urciuoli, G. M., Votaw, D., Williamson, J., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Zhang, J., & Zheng, X. Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3H and 3He. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2
Copy to clipboard
Li, S., Cruz-Torres, R., Santiesteban, N., Ye, Z. H., Abrams, D., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Arrington, J., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bane, J., Barcus, S., Barrow, J., Beck, A., Bellini, V., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Bulumulla, D., Camsonne, A., Castellanos, J., Chen, J., Chen, J. -P., Chrisman, D., Christy, M. E., Clarke, C., Covrig, S., Craycraft, K., Day, D., Dutta, D., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Garibaldi, F., Gautam, T. N., Gogami, T., Gomez, J., Guèye, P., Habarakada, A., Hague, T. J., Hansen, J. O., Hauenstein, F., Henry, W., Higinbotham, D. W., Holt, R. J., Hyde, C., Itabashi, T., Kaneta, M., Karki, A., Katramatou, A. T., Keppel, C. E., Khachatryan, M., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Korover, I., Kurbany, L., Kutz, T., Lashley-Colthirst, N., Li, W. B., Liu, H., Liyanage, N., Long, E., Mammei, J., Markowitz, P., McClellan, R. E., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Beck, S. Mey-Tal, Michaels, R., Mihovilovič, M., Moyer, A., Nagao, S., Nelyubin, V., Nguyen, D., Nycz, M., Olson, M., Ou, L., Owen, V., Palatchi, C., Pandey, B., Papadopoulou, A., Park, S., Paul, S., Petkovic, T., Pomatsalyuk, R., Premathilake, S., Punjabi, V., Ransome, R. D., Reimer, P. E., Reinhold, J., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Rodriguez, V. M., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Segarra, E. P., Shahinyan, A., Slifer, K., Solvignon, P., Širca, S., Su, T., Suleiman, R., Szumila-Vance, H., Tang, L., Tian, Y., Tireman, W., Tortorici, F., Toyama, Y., Uehara, K., Urciuoli, G. M., Votaw, D., Williamson, J., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Zhang, J., and Zheng, X. Wed . "Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3H and 3He". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1894352.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1894352,
title = {Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3H and 3He},
author = {Li, S. and Cruz-Torres, R. and Santiesteban, N. and Ye, Z. H. and Abrams, D. and Alsalmi, S. and Androic, D. and Aniol, K. and Arrington, J. and Averett, T. and Gayoso, C. Ayerbe and Bane, J. and Barcus, S. and Barrow, J. and Beck, A. and Bellini, V. and Bhatt, H. and Bhetuwal, D. and Biswas, D. and Bulumulla, D. and Camsonne, A. and Castellanos, J. and Chen, J. and Chen, J. -P. and Chrisman, D. and Christy, M. E. and Clarke, C. and Covrig, S. and Craycraft, K. and Day, D. and Dutta, D. and Fuchey, E. and Gal, C. and Garibaldi, F. and Gautam, T. N. and Gogami, T. and Gomez, J. and Guèye, P. and Habarakada, A. and Hague, T. J. and Hansen, J. O. and Hauenstein, F. and Henry, W. and Higinbotham, D. W. and Holt, R. J. and Hyde, C. and Itabashi, T. and Kaneta, M. and Karki, A. and Katramatou, A. T. and Keppel, C. E. and Khachatryan, M. and Khachatryan, V. and King, P. M. and Korover, I. and Kurbany, L. and Kutz, T. and Lashley-Colthirst, N. and Li, W. B. and Liu, H. and Liyanage, N. and Long, E. and Mammei, J. and Markowitz, P. and McClellan, R. E. and Meddi, F. and Meekins, D. and Beck, S. Mey-Tal and Michaels, R. and Mihovilovič, M. and Moyer, A. and Nagao, S. and Nelyubin, V. and Nguyen, D. and Nycz, M. and Olson, M. and Ou, L. and Owen, V. and Palatchi, C. and Pandey, B. and Papadopoulou, A. and Park, S. and Paul, S. and Petkovic, T. and Pomatsalyuk, R. and Premathilake, S. and Punjabi, V. and Ransome, R. D. and Reimer, P. E. and Reinhold, J. and Riordan, S. and Roche, J. and Rodriguez, V. M. and Schmidt, A. and Schmookler, B. and Segarra, E. P. and Shahinyan, A. and Slifer, K. and Solvignon, P. and Širca, S. and Su, T. and Suleiman, R. and Szumila-Vance, H. and Tang, L. and Tian, Y. and Tireman, W. and Tortorici, F. and Toyama, Y. and Uehara, K. and Urciuoli, G. M. and Votaw, D. and Williamson, J. and Wojtsekhowski, B. and Wood, S. and Zhang, J. and Zheng, X.},
abstractNote = {When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure, and mapping out the strength and the isospin structure (neutron-proton (np) versus proton-proton (pp) pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modelling a range of nuclear, particle and astrophysics measurements. Two-nucleon knockout or 'triple coincidence' reactions have been used to measure the relative contribution of np-SRCs and pp-SRCs by knocking out a proton from the SRC and detecting its partner nucleon (proton or neutron). These measurements have shown that SRCs are almost exclusively np pairs, but they had limited statistics and required large model-dependent final-state interaction corrections. Here we report on measurements using inclusive scattering from the mirror nuclei hydrogen-3 and helium-3 to extract the np/pp ratio of SRCs in systems with a mass number of three. In this work we obtain a measure of the np/pp SRC ratio that is an order of magnitude more precise than previous experiments, and find a marked deviation from the near-total np dominance observed in heavy nuclei. This result implies an unexpected structure in the high-momentum wavefunction for hydrogen-3 and helium-3. Understanding these results will improve our understanding of the short-range part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.},
doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2},
journal = {Nature (London)},
number = 7925,
volume = 609,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Wed Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Observation of nuclear scaling in the A ( e , e ′ ) reaction at x B > 1
journal, July 2003

Universality of many-body two-nucleon momentum distributions: Correlated nucleon spectral function of complex nuclei
journal, December 2017

Detailed study of the nuclear dependence of the EMC effect and short-range correlations
journal, December 2012

Comparing proton momentum distributions in A = 2 and 3 nuclei via 2H 3H and 3He (e,e′p) measurements
journal, October 2019

Neutron-neutron short-range correlations and their impacts on neutron stars
journal, May 2022

Measurement of the Nucleon F 2 n / F 2 p Structure Function Ratio by the Jefferson Lab MARATHON Tritium/Helium-3 Deep Inelastic Scattering Experiment
journal, March 2022

Tensor Forces and the Ground-State Structure of Nuclei
journal, March 2007

Probing the Repulsive Core of the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction via the He 4 ( e , e ′ p N ) Triple-Coincidence Reaction
journal, July 2014

Density changes in low pressure gas targets for electron scattering experiments
journal, October 2019

  • Santiesteban, S. N.; Alsalmi, S.; Meekins, D.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 940
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2019.06.025

Hard nuclear processes and microscopic nuclear structure
journal, April 1988

Nucleon Knockout by Intermediate Energy Electrons
book, January 2006

Proton and neutron electromagnetic form factors and uncertainties
journal, February 2018

Final-state interactions in two-nucleon knockout reactions
journal, March 2016

Dependence of two-nucleon momentum densities on total pair momentum
journal, August 2008

New Results on Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei
journal, October 2017

Probing Cold Dense Nuclear Matter
journal, June 2008

Measurement of the EMC effect in light and heavy nuclei
journal, December 2021

Modified structure of protons and neutrons in correlated pairs
journal, February 2019

Searching for Flavor Dependence in Nuclear Quark Behavior
journal, July 2019

Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei
journal, May 2019

Basic instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson Lab
journal, April 2004

  • Alcorn, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Aniol, K. A.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 522, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.415

Quasi-elastic scattering of polarized electrons on polarized He 3
journal, February 1984

Thermomechanical design of a static gas target for electron accelerators
journal, November 2013

  • Brajuskovic, B.; O'Connor, T.; Holt, R. J.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 729
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2013.06.090

Hard probes of short-range nucleon–nucleon correlations
journal, October 2012

  • Arrington, J.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Rosner, G.
  • Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 67, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ppnp.2012.04.002

Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics via H 3 and He 3 ( e , e ′ p ) pn Cross-Section Measurements
journal, May 2020

New Measurements of High-Momentum Nucleons and Short-Range Structures in Nuclei
journal, February 2012

New Measurements of the European Muon Collaboration Effect in Very Light Nuclei
journal, November 2009

Recent Observation of Short-Range Nucleon Correlations in Nuclei and Their Implications for the Structure of Nuclei and Neutron Stars
journal, August 2008

  • Frankfurt, Leonid; Sargsian, Misak; Strikman, Mark
  • International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 23, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1142/S0217751X08041207

Electron scattering on A = 3 nuclei from quantum Monte Carlo based approaches
journal, January 2022

Implications of the discrepancy between proton form factor measurements
journal, February 2004

Nucleon-nucleon correlations, short-lived excitations, and the quarks within
journal, November 2017

Evidence for short-range correlations from high Q 2 ( e , e ’) reactions
journal, November 1993

Novel observation of isospin structure of short-range correlations in calcium isotopes
journal, December 2020

Exclusive electrodisintegration of He 3 at high Q 2 . I. Generalized eikonal approximation
journal, April 2005

Hadrons in the nuclear medium
journal, February 2003

  • Sargsian, M. M.; Arrington, J.; Bertozzi, W.
  • Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 29, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1088/0954-3899/29/3/201

Nucleon and nucleon-pair momentum distributions in A ≤ 12 nuclei
journal, February 2014

Off-shell electron-nucleon cross sections
journal, January 1983

    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: