To grind or not to grind? The influence of mechanical and thermal treatments on the $$\mathrm{Cu/Zn}$$ disorder in $$\mathrm{Cu}$$2$$\mathrm{ZnSn}$$($$\mathrm{S}$$x$$\mathrm{Se}$$1-x)4 monograins
Abstract
We report that Kesterite-type based thin film solar cell technologies are mainly based on polycrystalline absorber layers. A promising low cost alternative technology uses Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 (CZTSSe) monograins (single crystals of 20–100 μm size) which are fixed in a polymer matrix to form a flexible solar cell. The Cu/Zn disorder is discussed as a possible reason for band tailing causing voltage losses limiting the efficiency of CZTSSe-based devices. The experimental determination of the order parameter Q which is a quantitative measure of Cu/Zn disorder, requires a differentiation between the isoelectronic cations Cu+ and Zn2+. An in-depth analysis of neutron diffraction data allows the determination of type and concentration of intrinsic point defects including a distinction between Cu and Zn. Neutron diffraction requires large sample volumes, thus monograins offer the unique possibility to correlate structural disorder in CZTSSe with device performance parameters. In this study we tackle the influence of grinding the monograins on stoichiometry deviations, the Cu/Zn disorder as well as intrinsic point defects and optoelectronic properties of CZTSSe monograins. Moreover, an easy methodology based on Raman scattering spectroscopy is proposed for the assessment of Cu/Zn disorder in the CZTSSe compounds.
- Authors:
-
[5];
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin (Germany)
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Barcelona (Spain)
- Crystalsol OÜ, Tallinn (Estonia)
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau (Moldova, Republic of )
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Barcelona (Spain); University of Barcelona (Spain)
- Crystalsol OÜ, Tallinn (Estonia); Tallinn University of Technology (Estonia)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin (Germany); Freie University, Berlin (Germany)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; European Union's Horizon 2020; Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities; European Regional Development Fund
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1890316
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; 777968; 952982; IJC2018-038199-I
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 248; Journal Issue: -; Journal ID: ISSN 0927-0248
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 14 SOLAR ENERGY
Citation Formats
Gurieva, G., Rotaru, V., Ernits, K., Siminel, N., Manjón-Sanz, A., Kirkham, M., Perez-Rodriguez, A., Guc, M., Meissner, D., and Schorr, S. To grind or not to grind? The influence of mechanical and thermal treatments on the $\mathrm{Cu/Zn}$ disorder in $\mathrm{Cu}$2$\mathrm{ZnSn}$($\mathrm{S}$x$\mathrm{Se}$1-x)4 monograins. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112009.
Gurieva, G., Rotaru, V., Ernits, K., Siminel, N., Manjón-Sanz, A., Kirkham, M., Perez-Rodriguez, A., Guc, M., Meissner, D., & Schorr, S. To grind or not to grind? The influence of mechanical and thermal treatments on the $\mathrm{Cu/Zn}$ disorder in $\mathrm{Cu}$2$\mathrm{ZnSn}$($\mathrm{S}$x$\mathrm{Se}$1-x)4 monograins. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112009
Gurieva, G., Rotaru, V., Ernits, K., Siminel, N., Manjón-Sanz, A., Kirkham, M., Perez-Rodriguez, A., Guc, M., Meissner, D., and Schorr, S. Wed .
"To grind or not to grind? The influence of mechanical and thermal treatments on the $\mathrm{Cu/Zn}$ disorder in $\mathrm{Cu}$2$\mathrm{ZnSn}$($\mathrm{S}$x$\mathrm{Se}$1-x)4 monograins". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112009. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1890316.
@article{osti_1890316,
title = {To grind or not to grind? The influence of mechanical and thermal treatments on the $\mathrm{Cu/Zn}$ disorder in $\mathrm{Cu}$2$\mathrm{ZnSn}$($\mathrm{S}$x$\mathrm{Se}$1-x)4 monograins},
author = {Gurieva, G. and Rotaru, V. and Ernits, K. and Siminel, N. and Manjón-Sanz, A. and Kirkham, M. and Perez-Rodriguez, A. and Guc, M. and Meissner, D. and Schorr, S.},
abstractNote = {We report that Kesterite-type based thin film solar cell technologies are mainly based on polycrystalline absorber layers. A promising low cost alternative technology uses Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 (CZTSSe) monograins (single crystals of 20–100 μm size) which are fixed in a polymer matrix to form a flexible solar cell. The Cu/Zn disorder is discussed as a possible reason for band tailing causing voltage losses limiting the efficiency of CZTSSe-based devices. The experimental determination of the order parameter Q which is a quantitative measure of Cu/Zn disorder, requires a differentiation between the isoelectronic cations Cu+ and Zn2+. An in-depth analysis of neutron diffraction data allows the determination of type and concentration of intrinsic point defects including a distinction between Cu and Zn. Neutron diffraction requires large sample volumes, thus monograins offer the unique possibility to correlate structural disorder in CZTSSe with device performance parameters. In this study we tackle the influence of grinding the monograins on stoichiometry deviations, the Cu/Zn disorder as well as intrinsic point defects and optoelectronic properties of CZTSSe monograins. Moreover, an easy methodology based on Raman scattering spectroscopy is proposed for the assessment of Cu/Zn disorder in the CZTSSe compounds.},
doi = {10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112009},
journal = {Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells},
number = -,
volume = 248,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Wed Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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