Highly ordered graphite (HOPG) to hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite) phase transition observed on picosecond time scales using ultrafast x-ray diffraction
Abstract
Here, the response of rapidly compressed highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) normal to its basal plane was investigated at a pressure of ~80 GPa. Ultrafast x-ray diffraction using ~100 fs pulses at the Materials Under Extreme Conditions sector of the Linac Coherent Light Source was used to probe the changes in crystal structure resulting from picosecond timescale compression at laser drive energies ranging from 2.5 to 250 mJ. A phase transformation from HOPG to a highly textured hexagonal diamond structure is observed at the highest energy, followed by relaxation to a still highly oriented, but distorted graphite structure following release. We observe the formation of a highly oriented lonsdaleite within 20 ps, subsequent to compression. This suggests that a diffusionless martensitic mechanism may play a fundamental role in phase transition, as speculated in an early work on this system, and more recent static studies of diamonds formed in impact events.
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- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Carnegie Institute of Science, Washington, DC (United States)
- University of Potsdam (Germany)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- University of Freiburg (Germany)
- Stanford University, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); US Army Research Office (ARO); Carnegie Institution of Washington; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1886935
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1879254; OSTI ID: 1891225
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-822386
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979; TRN: US2309743
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; AC52-07NA27344; SF00515; HDTRA1-16-1-0020; HDTRA1-20-2-0001; 56122-CH-H; 71650-CH W911NF-19-2-0172; EAR-1634415; FG02-94ER14466; 16-ERD-037; DEFG02-94ER14466
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Applied Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 132; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; shock compression; shock waves; ultrafast x-ray diffraction; lasers; wave mechanics; phase transitions; crystal structure; carbon based materials; hydrodynamics simulations; diamond; Physics - Solid state physics, Materials science, Physics - Condensed matter physics, Chemistry; solid state physics; condensed matter physics; chemistry
Citation Formats
Armstrong, Michael R., Radousky, Harry B., Austin, Ryan A., Tschauner, Oliver, Brown, Shaughnessy, Gleason, Arianna E., Goldman, Nir, Granados, Eduardo, Grivickas, Paulius, Holtgrewe, Nicholas, Kroonblawd, Matthew P., Lee, Hae Ja, Lobanov, Sergey, Nagler, Bob, Nam, Inhyuk, Prakapenka, Vitali, Prescher, Clemens, Reed, Evan J., Stavrou, Elissaios, Walter, Peter, Goncharov, Alexander F., and Belof, Jonathan L. Highly ordered graphite (HOPG) to hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite) phase transition observed on picosecond time scales using ultrafast x-ray diffraction. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1063/5.0085297.
Armstrong, Michael R., Radousky, Harry B., Austin, Ryan A., Tschauner, Oliver, Brown, Shaughnessy, Gleason, Arianna E., Goldman, Nir, Granados, Eduardo, Grivickas, Paulius, Holtgrewe, Nicholas, Kroonblawd, Matthew P., Lee, Hae Ja, Lobanov, Sergey, Nagler, Bob, Nam, Inhyuk, Prakapenka, Vitali, Prescher, Clemens, Reed, Evan J., Stavrou, Elissaios, Walter, Peter, Goncharov, Alexander F., & Belof, Jonathan L. Highly ordered graphite (HOPG) to hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite) phase transition observed on picosecond time scales using ultrafast x-ray diffraction. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0085297
Armstrong, Michael R., Radousky, Harry B., Austin, Ryan A., Tschauner, Oliver, Brown, Shaughnessy, Gleason, Arianna E., Goldman, Nir, Granados, Eduardo, Grivickas, Paulius, Holtgrewe, Nicholas, Kroonblawd, Matthew P., Lee, Hae Ja, Lobanov, Sergey, Nagler, Bob, Nam, Inhyuk, Prakapenka, Vitali, Prescher, Clemens, Reed, Evan J., Stavrou, Elissaios, Walter, Peter, Goncharov, Alexander F., and Belof, Jonathan L. Mon .
"Highly ordered graphite (HOPG) to hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite) phase transition observed on picosecond time scales using ultrafast x-ray diffraction". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0085297. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1886935.
@article{osti_1886935,
title = {Highly ordered graphite (HOPG) to hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite) phase transition observed on picosecond time scales using ultrafast x-ray diffraction},
author = {Armstrong, Michael R. and Radousky, Harry B. and Austin, Ryan A. and Tschauner, Oliver and Brown, Shaughnessy and Gleason, Arianna E. and Goldman, Nir and Granados, Eduardo and Grivickas, Paulius and Holtgrewe, Nicholas and Kroonblawd, Matthew P. and Lee, Hae Ja and Lobanov, Sergey and Nagler, Bob and Nam, Inhyuk and Prakapenka, Vitali and Prescher, Clemens and Reed, Evan J. and Stavrou, Elissaios and Walter, Peter and Goncharov, Alexander F. and Belof, Jonathan L.},
abstractNote = {Here, the response of rapidly compressed highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) normal to its basal plane was investigated at a pressure of ~80 GPa. Ultrafast x-ray diffraction using ~100 fs pulses at the Materials Under Extreme Conditions sector of the Linac Coherent Light Source was used to probe the changes in crystal structure resulting from picosecond timescale compression at laser drive energies ranging from 2.5 to 250 mJ. A phase transformation from HOPG to a highly textured hexagonal diamond structure is observed at the highest energy, followed by relaxation to a still highly oriented, but distorted graphite structure following release. We observe the formation of a highly oriented lonsdaleite within 20 ps, subsequent to compression. This suggests that a diffusionless martensitic mechanism may play a fundamental role in phase transition, as speculated in an early work on this system, and more recent static studies of diamonds formed in impact events.},
doi = {10.1063/5.0085297},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
number = 5,
volume = 132,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Mon Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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