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Title: Mechanisms of woody-plant mortality under rising drought, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit

Abstract

Drought-associated woody plant mortality may have increased over the past several decades, and is projected to increase in the future, impacting terrestrial climate forcing, biodiversity, and resource availability. The mechanisms underlying such mortality, however, are debated owing to interactions between multiple drivers and mechanisms. In this work, we synthesize knowledge of drought-related tree mortality under a warming and drying atmosphere with rising atmospheric CO2. Drought-associated mortality results from the depletion of pools of water and carbon within a plant and declines in their fluxes relative to demand by living tissues. These pools and fluxes are interdependent and underlay plant defenses against biotic agents. Death via failure to maintain a positive water balance is particularly dependent on soil-to-root conductance, capacitance, vulnerability to hydraulic failure, cuticular water losses, and dehydration tolerance, all of which could be exacerbated by reduced carbon supply rates to support cellular survival e.g. the carbon starvation process. The depletion of plant water and carbon pools accelerates under rising vapor pressure deficit; however, increasing CO2 can mitigate these impacts. Advancing knowledge and reducing predictive uncertainties requires studies that integrate carbon, water, and defensive processes, and utilize a range of experimental and modeling approaches.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6]; ORCiD logo [7];  [8];  [9]; ORCiD logo [10];  [11]; ORCiD logo [12]; ORCiD logo [13];  [14]; ORCiD logo [15];  [16];  [7]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [17]; ORCiD logo [18] more »;  [11]; ORCiD logo [19]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [20]; ORCiD logo [21]; ORCiD logo [22];  [23]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [11];  [24];  [25];  [26]; ORCiD logo [27] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN (United States)
  3. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  4. Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
  5. Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
  6. Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
  7. Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)
  8. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  9. Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS (Australia)
  10. Univ. of Western Sydney, NSW (Australia)
  11. Univ. Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand (France)
  12. Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Bellaterra (Spain)
  13. Univ. of Bristol (United Kingdom); ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Sydney, NSW (Australia); Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia)
  14. Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzerland); Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Lausanne (Switzerland)
  15. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
  16. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena (Germany)
  17. Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel)
  18. Univ. at Buffalo, NY (United States)
  19. Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Bellaterra (Spain); Univ. Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Spain)
  20. Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Bellaterra (Spain); Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona (Spain)
  21. Univ. of Trieste (Italy)
  22. Univ. of Campinas (UNICAMP), (Brazil)
  23. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States)
  24. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
  25. Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
  26. University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR (United States)
  27. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); Australian Research Council (ARC); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation; USDA; USGS; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
OSTI Identifier:
1871637
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-168502
Journal ID: ISSN 2662-138X
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830; 2021898; DP0879531; DP110105102; LP0989881; LP140100232; CE170100023; DP190101823; PZ00P3_174068; CGL2017-89149-C2-1-R; 2003205; 2018-67012-31496; 1-746055; IOS-1755345; IOS-1755346; 2021-67013-33716; DEB-1550756; DEB-1824796; DEB-1925837; G18AC00320; 1390130-M12-222; IOS-1444571; IOS-1547796; 19/07773-1; 1714972; 1802880; 2003017; 2018-67019-27850
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2662-138X
Publisher:
Springer Nature
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; climate-change ecology; ecophysiology

Citation Formats

McDowell, Nate G., Sapes, Gerard, Pivovaroff, Alexandria, Adams, Henry D., Allen, Craig D., Anderegg, William R. L., Arend, Matthias, Breshears, David D., Brodribb, Tim, Choat, Brendan, Cochard, Hervé, De Cáceres, Miquel, De Kauwe, Martin G., Grossiord, Charlotte, Hammond, William M., Hartmann, Henrik, Hoch, Günter, Kahmen, Ansgar, Klein, Tamir, Mackay, D. Scott, Mantova, Marylou, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Medlyn, Belinda E., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Nardini, Andrea, Oliveira, Rafael S., Sala, Anna, Tissue, David T., Torres-Ruiz, José M., Trowbridge, Amy M., Trugman, Anna T., Wiley, Erin, and Xu, Chonggang. Mechanisms of woody-plant mortality under rising drought, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit. United States: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00272-1.
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McDowell, Nate G., Sapes, Gerard, Pivovaroff, Alexandria, Adams, Henry D., Allen, Craig D., Anderegg, William R. L., Arend, Matthias, Breshears, David D., Brodribb, Tim, Choat, Brendan, Cochard, Hervé, De Cáceres, Miquel, De Kauwe, Martin G., Grossiord, Charlotte, Hammond, William M., Hartmann, Henrik, Hoch, Günter, Kahmen, Ansgar, Klein, Tamir, Mackay, D. Scott, Mantova, Marylou, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Medlyn, Belinda E., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Nardini, Andrea, Oliveira, Rafael S., Sala, Anna, Tissue, David T., Torres-Ruiz, José M., Trowbridge, Amy M., Trugman, Anna T., Wiley, Erin, & Xu, Chonggang. Mechanisms of woody-plant mortality under rising drought, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-022-00272-1
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McDowell, Nate G., Sapes, Gerard, Pivovaroff, Alexandria, Adams, Henry D., Allen, Craig D., Anderegg, William R. L., Arend, Matthias, Breshears, David D., Brodribb, Tim, Choat, Brendan, Cochard, Hervé, De Cáceres, Miquel, De Kauwe, Martin G., Grossiord, Charlotte, Hammond, William M., Hartmann, Henrik, Hoch, Günter, Kahmen, Ansgar, Klein, Tamir, Mackay, D. Scott, Mantova, Marylou, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Medlyn, Belinda E., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Nardini, Andrea, Oliveira, Rafael S., Sala, Anna, Tissue, David T., Torres-Ruiz, José M., Trowbridge, Amy M., Trugman, Anna T., Wiley, Erin, and Xu, Chonggang. Tue . "Mechanisms of woody-plant mortality under rising drought, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-022-00272-1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1871637.
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@article{osti_1871637,
title = {Mechanisms of woody-plant mortality under rising drought, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit},
author = {McDowell, Nate G. and Sapes, Gerard and Pivovaroff, Alexandria and Adams, Henry D. and Allen, Craig D. and Anderegg, William R. L. and Arend, Matthias and Breshears, David D. and Brodribb, Tim and Choat, Brendan and Cochard, Hervé and De Cáceres, Miquel and De Kauwe, Martin G. and Grossiord, Charlotte and Hammond, William M. and Hartmann, Henrik and Hoch, Günter and Kahmen, Ansgar and Klein, Tamir and Mackay, D. Scott and Mantova, Marylou and Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi and Medlyn, Belinda E. and Mencuccini, Maurizio and Nardini, Andrea and Oliveira, Rafael S. and Sala, Anna and Tissue, David T. and Torres-Ruiz, José M. and Trowbridge, Amy M. and Trugman, Anna T. and Wiley, Erin and Xu, Chonggang},
abstractNote = {Drought-associated woody plant mortality may have increased over the past several decades, and is projected to increase in the future, impacting terrestrial climate forcing, biodiversity, and resource availability. The mechanisms underlying such mortality, however, are debated owing to interactions between multiple drivers and mechanisms. In this work, we synthesize knowledge of drought-related tree mortality under a warming and drying atmosphere with rising atmospheric CO2. Drought-associated mortality results from the depletion of pools of water and carbon within a plant and declines in their fluxes relative to demand by living tissues. These pools and fluxes are interdependent and underlay plant defenses against biotic agents. Death via failure to maintain a positive water balance is particularly dependent on soil-to-root conductance, capacitance, vulnerability to hydraulic failure, cuticular water losses, and dehydration tolerance, all of which could be exacerbated by reduced carbon supply rates to support cellular survival e.g. the carbon starvation process. The depletion of plant water and carbon pools accelerates under rising vapor pressure deficit; however, increasing CO2 can mitigate these impacts. Advancing knowledge and reducing predictive uncertainties requires studies that integrate carbon, water, and defensive processes, and utilize a range of experimental and modeling approaches.},
doi = {10.1038/s43017-022-00272-1},
journal = {Nature Reviews Earth & Environment},
number = 5,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Tue Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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