Searching for dark radiation at the LHC
Abstract
In this work we explore the intriguing connections between searches for long-lived particles (LLPs) at the LHC and early universe cosmology. We study the non-thermal production of ultra-relativistic particles (i.e. dark radiation) in the early universe via the decay of weak-scale LLPs and show that the cosmologically interesting range ΔNeff ~ 0.01–0.1 corresponds to LLP decay lengths in the mm to cm range. These decay lengths lie at the boundary between prompt and displaced signatures at the LHC and can be comprehensively explored by combining searches for both. To illustrate this point, we consider a scenario where the LLP decays into a charged lepton and a (nearly) massless invisible particle. By reinterpreting searches for promptly decaying sleptons and for displaced leptons at both ATLAS and CMS we can then directly compare LHC exclusions with cosmological observables. We find that the CMB-S4 target value of ΔNeff = 0.06 is already excluded by current LHC searches and even smaller values can be probed for LLP masses at the electroweak scale.
- Authors:
-
- Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
- RWTH Aachen Univ. (Germany). Inst. for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK); Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology (KIT) (Germany). Inst. fur Theoretische Teilchenphysik
- RWTH Aachen Univ. (Germany). Inst. for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); German Research Foundation (DFG)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1867670
- Report Number(s):
- TTK-22-13; TTP22-018; P3H-22-032; FERMILAB-PUB-22-238-T; arXiv:2204.01759
Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479; oai:inspirehep.net:2063394; TRN: US2306209
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11359; 396021762-TRR 25; KA 4662/1-1
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2022; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479
- Publisher:
- Springer Nature
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Early universe particle physics; new light particles; cosmology of theories beyond standard model
Citation Formats
Bernreuther, Elias, Kahlhoefer, Felix, Lucente, Michele, and Morandini, Alessandro. Searching for dark radiation at the LHC. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1007/jhep08(2022)169.
Bernreuther, Elias, Kahlhoefer, Felix, Lucente, Michele, & Morandini, Alessandro. Searching for dark radiation at the LHC. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2022)169
Bernreuther, Elias, Kahlhoefer, Felix, Lucente, Michele, and Morandini, Alessandro. Thu .
"Searching for dark radiation at the LHC". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2022)169. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1867670.
@article{osti_1867670,
title = {Searching for dark radiation at the LHC},
author = {Bernreuther, Elias and Kahlhoefer, Felix and Lucente, Michele and Morandini, Alessandro},
abstractNote = {In this work we explore the intriguing connections between searches for long-lived particles (LLPs) at the LHC and early universe cosmology. We study the non-thermal production of ultra-relativistic particles (i.e. dark radiation) in the early universe via the decay of weak-scale LLPs and show that the cosmologically interesting range ΔNeff ~ 0.01–0.1 corresponds to LLP decay lengths in the mm to cm range. These decay lengths lie at the boundary between prompt and displaced signatures at the LHC and can be comprehensively explored by combining searches for both. To illustrate this point, we consider a scenario where the LLP decays into a charged lepton and a (nearly) massless invisible particle. By reinterpreting searches for promptly decaying sleptons and for displaced leptons at both ATLAS and CMS we can then directly compare LHC exclusions with cosmological observables. We find that the CMB-S4 target value of ΔNeff = 0.06 is already excluded by current LHC searches and even smaller values can be probed for LLP masses at the electroweak scale.},
doi = {10.1007/jhep08(2022)169},
journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},
number = 8,
volume = 2022,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Aug 18 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Thu Aug 18 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Asymmetric Dark Matter and Dark Radiation
journal, July 2012
- Blennow, Mattias; Martinez, Enrique Fernandez; Mena, Olga
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2012, Issue 07
Displaced new physics at colliders and the early universe before its first second
journal, May 2021
- Calibbi, Lorenzo; D’Eramo, Francesco; Junius, Sam
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2021, Issue 5
Search for gauge mediated SUSY breaking topologies in ee collisions at centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV
journal, October 2002
- Heister et al., A.
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 25, Issue 3
Probing dark matter freeze-in with long-lived particle signatures: MATHUSLA, HL-LHC and FCC-hh
journal, March 2020
- No, J. M.; Tunney, P.; Zaldivar, B.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 3
A Step in understanding the Hubble tension
journal, June 2022
- Aloni, Daniel; Berlin, Asher; Joseph, Melissa
- Physical Review D, Vol. 105, Issue 12
Singlet-Doublet dark matter freeze-in: LHC displaced signatures versus cosmology
journal, September 2018
- Calibbi, Lorenzo; Lopez-Honorez, Laura; Lowette, Steven
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 9
The dawn of FIMP Dark Matter: A review of models and constraints
journal, September 2017
- Bernal, Nicolás; Heikinheimo, Matti; Tenkanen, Tommi
- International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 32, Issue 27
Lyman-α constraints on freeze-in and superWIMPs
journal, March 2022
- Decant, Quentin; Heisig, Jan; Hooper, Deanna C.
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2022, Issue 03
Searches for Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking topologies in
$e^+e^-$
collisions at centre-of-mass energies up to
$\sqrt{s}=209 \mathrm{GeV}$
journal, March 2006
- Collaboration, Opal
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 46, Issue 2, p. 307-341
Freeze-in production of FIMP dark matter
journal, March 2010
- Hall, Lawrence J.; Jedamzik, Karsten; March-Russell, John
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2010, Issue 3
DELPHES 3: a modular framework for fast simulation of a generic collider experiment
journal, February 2014
- de Favereau, J.; Delaere, C.; Demin, P.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2014, Issue 2
Dark radiation from particle decay: cosmological constraints and opportunities
journal, August 2013
- Hasenkamp, Jasper; Kersten, Jörn
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 08
micrOMEGAs5.0 : Freeze-in
journal, October 2018
- Bélanger, G.; Boudjema, F.; Goudelis, A.
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 231
The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations
journal, July 2014
- Alwall, J.; Frederix, R.; Frixione, S.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2014, Issue 7
Simple estimate of BBN sensitivity to light freeze-in dark matter
journal, December 2021
- Li, Shao-Ping; Li, Xin-Qiang; Yan, Xin-Shuai
- Physical Review D, Vol. 104, Issue 11
Extending the LHC reach for new physics with sub-millimeter displaced vertices
journal, August 2017
- Ito, Hayato; Jinnouchi, Osamu; Moroi, Takeo
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 771
Cold keV dark matter from decays and scatterings
journal, August 2017
- Heeck, Julian; Teresi, Daniele
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 3
Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions
journal, December 2007
- Alwall, J.; Höche, S.; Krauss, F.
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 53, Issue 3
An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2
journal, June 2015
- Sjöstrand, Torbjörn; Ask, Stefan; Christiansen, Jesper R.
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 191
On Effective Degrees of Freedom in the Early Universe
journal, December 2016
- Husdal, Lars
- Galaxies, Vol. 4, Issue 4
On the LHC sensitivity for non-thermalised hidden sectors
journal, April 2018
- Kahlhoefer, Felix
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 779
Relativistic freeze-in
journal, November 2019
- Lebedev, Oleg; Toma, Takashi
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 798
Real scalar dark matter: relativistic treatment
journal, August 2019
- Arcadi, Giorgio; Lebedev, Oleg; Pokorski, Stefan
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 8
Interacting radiation after Planck and its implications for the Hubble tension
journal, September 2020
- Blinov, Nikita; Marques-Tavares, Gustavo
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 09
Neutrino portal to FIMP dark matter with an early matter era
journal, March 2021
- Cosme, Catarina; Dutra, Maíra; Ma, Teng
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2021, Issue 3
Single- and multi-photon production in ee collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ up to 209 GeV
journal, May 2003
- Heister et al., A.
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 28, Issue 1
Freeze-in produced dark matter in the ultra-relativistic regime
journal, March 2021
- Biondini, Simone; Ghiglieri, Jacopo
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2021, Issue 03
Recasting LHC searches for long-lived particles with MadAnalysis 5
journal, July 2022
- Araz, Jack Y.; Fuks, Benjamin; Goodsell, Mark D.
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 82, Issue 7
Lower mass bounds on FIMP dark matter produced via freeze-in
journal, October 2021
- D'Eramo, Francesco; Lenoci, Alessandro
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2021, Issue 10
Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis after Planck
journal, March 2020
- Fields, Brian D.; Olive, Keith A.; Yeh, Tsung-Han
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 03
LHC-friendly minimal freeze-in models
journal, February 2019
- Bélanger, G.; Desai, N.; Goudelis, A.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 2
Constraints from Ly-α forests on non-thermal dark matter including resonantly-produced sterile neutrinos
journal, December 2017
- Baur, Julien; Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Yèche, Christophe
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 12
FeynRules 2.0 — A complete toolbox for tree-level phenomenology
journal, August 2014
- Alloul, Adam; Christensen, Neil D.; Degrande, Céline
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 185, Issue 8