Deciphering the shifting role of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers on moss decomposition in peatlands over a 5-year period
Abstract
Bryophytes are largely responsible for globally significant carbon accumulation in peatland ecosystems. This accumulation is primarily caused by the slow decomposition of these mosses, which can be attributed to a combination of intrinsic (chemical) characteristics of decaying mosses and extrinsic (environmental) influences. Here we investigated the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of moss decomposition in peatlands and hypothesized that the early stages of decay will be driven primarily by intrinsic characteristics, while extrinsic drivers will become more important in the later phases of decomposition. We tested this hypothesis by placing litterbags of three moss types (Sphagnum divinum, Sphagnum angustifolium/fallax and Polytrichum sp.) into hummock and hollow microtopographies in a bog and a lawn microtopography in a nearby poor fen in northern Minnesota, USA. Decomposition was measured over a 5-year period and confirmed our hypothesis; while intrinsic and extrinsic variables were both important in driving decay rates over time, decay in the first year was primarily predicted by litter type, while extrinsic influences (e.g. peat temperature, moisture, nutrient limitation) that varied at peatland and microtopographic scales became more important by year 5. Though the nutrient (i.e. nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P]) content of decaying mosses did not explain the variationmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[3];
[3];
[2]
- Oak Ridge Associated Univ., Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- USDA Forest Service Grand Rapids, MN (United States). Northern Research Station
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1837412
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Oikos
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 2022; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0030-1299
- Publisher:
- Nordic Ecological Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; decomposition; decay; mosses, bryophytes; feathermoss; Sphagnum; nutrients; 29 poor fen; bog; boreal; microtopography
Citation Formats
Shelley, Sarah J., Brice, Deanne J., Iversen, Colleen M., Kolka, Randy K., Sebestyen, Stephen D., and Griffiths, Natalie A. Deciphering the shifting role of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers on moss decomposition in peatlands over a 5-year period. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1111/oik.08584.
Shelley, Sarah J., Brice, Deanne J., Iversen, Colleen M., Kolka, Randy K., Sebestyen, Stephen D., & Griffiths, Natalie A. Deciphering the shifting role of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers on moss decomposition in peatlands over a 5-year period. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08584
Shelley, Sarah J., Brice, Deanne J., Iversen, Colleen M., Kolka, Randy K., Sebestyen, Stephen D., and Griffiths, Natalie A. Wed .
"Deciphering the shifting role of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers on moss decomposition in peatlands over a 5-year period". United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08584. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1837412.
@article{osti_1837412,
title = {Deciphering the shifting role of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers on moss decomposition in peatlands over a 5-year period},
author = {Shelley, Sarah J. and Brice, Deanne J. and Iversen, Colleen M. and Kolka, Randy K. and Sebestyen, Stephen D. and Griffiths, Natalie A.},
abstractNote = {Bryophytes are largely responsible for globally significant carbon accumulation in peatland ecosystems. This accumulation is primarily caused by the slow decomposition of these mosses, which can be attributed to a combination of intrinsic (chemical) characteristics of decaying mosses and extrinsic (environmental) influences. Here we investigated the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of moss decomposition in peatlands and hypothesized that the early stages of decay will be driven primarily by intrinsic characteristics, while extrinsic drivers will become more important in the later phases of decomposition. We tested this hypothesis by placing litterbags of three moss types (Sphagnum divinum, Sphagnum angustifolium/fallax and Polytrichum sp.) into hummock and hollow microtopographies in a bog and a lawn microtopography in a nearby poor fen in northern Minnesota, USA. Decomposition was measured over a 5-year period and confirmed our hypothesis; while intrinsic and extrinsic variables were both important in driving decay rates over time, decay in the first year was primarily predicted by litter type, while extrinsic influences (e.g. peat temperature, moisture, nutrient limitation) that varied at peatland and microtopographic scales became more important by year 5. Though the nutrient (i.e. nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P]) content of decaying mosses did not explain the variation in decay rates among litter types, analysis of N:P in moss litter suggested that litter-decaying microorganisms became increasingly P-limited over time. The majority of litter decomposition studies in peatlands are generally of short duration (< 3 years). Our study suggests that longer-term studies are needed to reveal the roles of multiple drivers of moss decay. Improving the mechanistic understanding of decomposition processes in peatlands will be critical to developing more robust representations of peatlands and their ecosystem processes in carbon and climate models.},
doi = {10.1111/oik.08584},
journal = {Oikos},
number = 1,
volume = 2022,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Wed Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Growth-Limiting Nutrients in Sphagnum-Dominated Bogs Subject to Low and High Atmospheric Nitrogen Supply
journal, March 1992
- Aerts, Rien; Wallen, Bo; Malmer, Nils
- The Journal of Ecology, Vol. 80, Issue 1
Northern fens: methane flux and climatic change
journal, January 1992
- Roulet, Nigel; Moore, Tim; Bubier, Jill
- Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 44, Issue 2
Production and decomposition rates of different fen species as targets for restoration
journal, August 2018
- Bérubé, Vicky; Rochefort, Line
- Ecological Indicators, Vol. 91
Responses of the mosses Sphagnum capillifolium and Polytrichum strictum to nitrogen deposition in a bog: growth, ground cover, and CO 2 exchange
journal, February 2016
- Juutinen, Sari; Moore, Tim R.; Laine, Anna M.
- Botany, Vol. 94, Issue 2
Hydrological and meteorological data from research catchments at the Marcell Experimental Forest, Minnesota, USA
journal, March 2021
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Lany, Nina K.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Hydrological Processes, Vol. 35, Issue 3
Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter in fens: Effect of litter quality and inhibition by living tissue homogenates
journal, March 1995
- Verhoeven, J. T. A.; Toth, E.
- Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 27, Issue 3
Decomposition along A moderate-rich fen-marsh peatland gradient in boreal Alberta, Canada
journal, March 1997
- Thormann, Markus N.; Bayley, Suzanne E.
- Wetlands, Vol. 17, Issue 1
Tradeoffs and scaling of functional traits in Sphagnum as drivers of carbon cycling in peatlands
journal, February 2014
- Laing, C. G.; Granath, G.; Belyea, L. R.
- Oikos, Vol. 123, Issue 7
Patterns in Nutrient Availability and Plant Diversity of Temperate North American Wetlands
journal, October 1999
- Bedford, Barbara L.; Walbridge, Mark R.; Aldous, Allison
- Ecology, Vol. 80, Issue 7
Microsite and regional variation in the potential decay rate of Sphagnum magellanicum in south Swedish raised bogs
journal, March 1994
- Hogg, E. H.; Maimer, N.; Wallen, B.
- Ecography, Vol. 17, Issue 1
Effect of defoliation upon root growth, phosphate absorption and respiration in nutrient-limited tundra graminoids
journal, January 1979
- Stuart Chapin, F.; Slack, Mari
- Oecologia, Vol. 42, Issue 1
Raised atmospheric CO2 levels and increased N deposition cause shifts in plant species composition and production in Sphagnum bogs
journal, May 2001
- Berendse, Frank; Van Breemen, Nico; Rydin, HAkan
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 7, Issue 5
Northern Peatlands: Role in the Carbon Cycle and Probable Responses to Climatic Warming
journal, May 1991
- Gorham, Eville
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 1, Issue 2
Zonation of Sphagnum Mosses: Interactions among Shoot Growth, Growth Form, and Water Balance
journal, January 1985
- Luken, James O.
- The Bryologist, Vol. 88, Issue 4
Decomposition along a bog to rich fen gradient in central Alberta, Canada
journal, April 1996
- Szumigalski, Anthony R.; Bayley, Suzanne E.
- Canadian Journal of Botany, Vol. 74, Issue 4
Inferring Methane Production by Decomposing Tree, Shrub, and Grass Leaf Litter in Bog and Rich Fen Peatlands
journal, November 2019
- Yavitt, Joseph B.; Kryczka, Anna K.; Huber, Molly E.
- Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol. 7
Microbial Community Stratification Linked to Utilization of Carbohydrates and Phosphorus Limitation in a Boreal Peatland at Marcell Experimental Forest, Minnesota, USA
journal, March 2014
- Lin, Xueju; Tfaily, Malak M.; Steinweg, J. Megan
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 80, Issue 11
Decomposition Rate of Peat-Forming Plants in Oligotrophic Bogs of the Southern Taiga Subzone of Western Siberia: Assessment of the Effect of Water Table Level and Peat Deposit Temperature
journal, September 2019
- Nikonova, L. G.; Golovatskaya, E. A.; Kur’ina, I. V.
- Eurasian Soil Science, Vol. 52, Issue 9
Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry and microbial processing of organic matter in northern bogs and fens reveals a common P-limitation between peatland types
journal, May 2014
- Hill, Brian H.; Elonen, Colleen M.; Jicha, Terri M.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 120, Issue 1-3
Getting to the root of the problem: litter decomposition and peat formation in lowland Neotropical peatlands
journal, November 2015
- Hoyos-Santillan, Jorge; Lomax, Barry H.; Large, David
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 126, Issue 1-2
Decay Potential of Hummock and Hollow Sphagnum peats at Different Depths in a Swedish Raised Bog
journal, March 1993
- Hogg, Edward H.
- Oikos, Vol. 66, Issue 2
NUTRITIONAL AND PLANT-MEDIATED CONTROLS ON LEAF LITTER DECOMPOSITION OF CAREX SPECIES
journal, January 1997
- Aerts, Rien; de Caluwe, Hannie
- Ecology, Vol. 78, Issue 1
Sphagnum Species Modulate their Phenolic Profiles and Mycorrhizal Colonization of Surrounding Andromeda polifolia along Peatland Microhabitats
journal, October 2018
- Chiapusio, Geneviève; Jassey, Vincent E. J.; Bellvert, Floriant
- Journal of Chemical Ecology, Vol. 44, Issue 12
Moss and lichen decomposition in old-growth and harvested high-boreal forests estimated using the litterbag and minicontainer methods
journal, August 2015
- Hagemann, Ulrike; Moroni, Martin T.
- Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 87
Growth, Production, and Decomposition Dynamics of Sphagnum under Natural and Experimentally Acidified Conditions
journal, October 1990
- Rochefort, Line; Vitt, Dale H.; Bayley, Suzanne E.
- Ecology, Vol. 71, Issue 5
Feedback control of the rate of peat formation
journal, June 2001
- Belyea, Lisa R.; Clymo, R. S.
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 268, Issue 1473
Sphagnum divinum ( sp. nov .) and S. medium Limpr. and their relationship to S. magellanicum Brid.
journal, May 2018
- Hassel, Kristian; Kyrkjeeide, Magni O.; Yousefi, Narjes
- Journal of Bryology, Vol. 40, Issue 3
Global and regional importance of the tropical peatland carbon pool: TROPICAL PEATLAND CARBON POOL
journal, January 2011
- Page, Susan E.; Rieley, John O.; Banks, Christopher J.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 17, Issue 2
Nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in an ombrotrophic peatland: a benchmark for assessing change
journal, July 2021
- Salmon, Verity G.; Brice, Deanne J.; Bridgham, Scott
- Plant and Soil, Vol. 466, Issue 1-2
Nitrogen mineralization and decomposition in western boreal bog and fen peat
journal, January 2005
- Bayley, Suzanne E.; Thormann, Markus N.; Szumigalski, Anthony R.
- Écoscience, Vol. 12, Issue 4
The underappreciated potential of peatlands in global climate change mitigation strategies
journal, March 2018
- Leifeld, J.; Menichetti, L.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Effects of long-term fertilization on peat stoichiometry and associated microbial enzyme activity in an ombrotrophic bog
journal, July 2016
- Pinsonneault, Andrew J.; Moore, Tim R.; Roulet, Nigel T.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 129, Issue 1-2
Examining the peat-accumulating potential of fen vegetation in the context of fen restoration of harvested peatlands
journal, June 2009
- Graf, Martha; Rochefort, Line
- Écoscience, Vol. 16, Issue 2
Photosynthesis, growth, and decay traits in Sphagnum - a multispecies comparison
journal, April 2016
- Bengtsson, Fia; Granath, Gustaf; Rydin, Håkan
- Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 6, Issue 10
Long-term study of litter decomposition on a Pennine peat bog: which regression?
journal, December 1997
- Latter, P. M.; Howson, G.; Howard, D. M.
- Oecologia, Vol. 113, Issue 1
A preliminary investigation of primary production and decomposition in four peatlands near Schefferville, Québec
journal, July 1985
- Bartsch, I.; Moore, T. R.
- Canadian Journal of Botany, Vol. 63, Issue 7
Separating the Effects of Litter Quality and Microenvironment on Decomposition Rates in a Patterned Peatland
journal, December 1996
- Belyea, Lisa R.
- Oikos, Vol. 77, Issue 3
Species-Controlled Sphagnum Decay on a South Swedish Raised Bog
journal, June 1991
- Johnson, Loretta C.; Damman, Antoni W. H.
- Oikos, Vol. 61, Issue 2
Antagonistic effect of nitrogen additions and warming on litter decomposition in the coastal wetland of the Yellow River Delta, China
journal, June 2019
- Tao, Baoxian; Zhang, Baohua; Dong, Jie
- Ecological Engineering, Vol. 131
Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model
journal, January 2015
- Shi, X.; Thornton, P. E.; Ricciuto, D. M.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 12, Issue 21
Trade-offs in resource allocation among moss species control decomposition in boreal peatlands
journal, November 2008
- Turetsky, Merritt R.; Crow, Susan E.; Evans, Robert J.
- Journal of Ecology, Vol. 96, Issue 6
A global analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in terrestrial ecosystems: Global soil microbial biomass C, N and P
journal, December 2012
- Xu, Xiaofeng; Thornton, Peter E.; Post, Wilfred M.
- Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 22, Issue 6
Mass loss in a Forested bog: Relation to Hummock and Hollow Microrelief
journal, May 1985
- Farrish, K. W.; Grigal, D. F.
- Canadian Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 65, Issue 2
Vertical zonation of Sphagnum mosses along hummock-hollow gradients
journal, December 1983
- Andrus, Richard E.; Wagner, Daniel J.; Titus, John E.
- Canadian Journal of Botany, Vol. 61, Issue 12
How litter quality affects mass loss and N loss from decomposing Sphagnum
journal, December 2003
- Limpens, Juul; Berendse, Frank
- Oikos, Vol. 103, Issue 3
Mineralization and Decomposition Rates in Restored Pine Fens: Mineralization and Decomposition in Restored Fens
journal, October 2012
- Tarvainen, Oili; Laine, Anna M.; Peltonen, Mari
- Restoration Ecology, Vol. 21, Issue 5
Niche diversification of Sphagnum relative to environmental factors in northern Minnesota peatlands
journal, July 1984
- Vitt, Dale H.; Slack, Nancy G.
- Canadian Journal of Botany, Vol. 62, Issue 7
Microcosm tests of the effects of temperature and microbial species number on the decomposition of Carex aquatilis and Sphagnum fuscum litter from southern boreal peatlands
journal, October 2004
- Thormann, Markus N.; Bayley, Suzanne E.; Currah, Randolph S.
- Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 50, Issue 10
Variation in peatland porewater chemistry over time and space along a bog to fen gradient
journal, December 2019
- Griffiths, Natalie A.; Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Oleheiser, Keith C.
- Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 697
Litter decomposition in moist acidic and non-acidic tundra with different glacial histories
journal, June 2004
- Hobbie, Sarah E.; Gough, Laura
- Oecologia, Vol. 140, Issue 1
Drainage and fertilization effects on nutrient availability in an ombrotrophic peatland
journal, April 2018
- Wang, Meng; Talbot, Julie; Moore, Tim R.
- Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 621
Litter Decomposition in Temperate Peatland Ecosystems: The Effect of Substrate and Site
journal, July 2007
- Moore, Tim R.; Bubier, Jill L.; Bledzki, Leszek
- Ecosystems, Vol. 10, Issue 6
Can short-term litter-bag measurements predict long-term decomposition in northern forests?
journal, March 2017
- Moore, Tim R.; Trofymow, J. A.; Prescott, C. E.
- Plant and Soil, Vol. 416, Issue 1-2
C:N:P stoichiometry in soil: is there a “Redfield ratio” for the microbial biomass?
journal, July 2007
- Cleveland, Cory C.; Liptzin, Daniel
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 85, Issue 3
Northern fens: methane flux and climatic change
journal, April 1992
- Roulet, Nigel; Moore, Tim; Bubier, Jill
- Tellus B, Vol. 44, Issue 2
Mass loss and nutrient release during litter decay in peatland: The role of microbial adaptability to litter chemistry
journal, January 2007
- Bragazza, L.; Siffi, C.; Iacumin, P.
- Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 39, Issue 1
Spatial Genetic Structure of the Abundant and Widespread Peatmoss Sphagnum magellanicum Brid.
journal, February 2016
- Kyrkjeeide, Magni Olsen; Hassel, Kristian; Flatberg, Kjell Ivar
- PLOS ONE, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter in two mesotrophic fens differing in dominant plant species
journal, January 2001
- Scheffer, R. A.; Van Logtestijn, R. S. P.; Verhoeven, J. T. A.
- Oikos, Vol. 92, Issue 1
Peatland warming strongly increases fine-root growth
journal, July 2020
- Malhotra, Avni; Brice, Deanne J.; Childs, Joanne
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, Issue 30
The cascade of C:N:P stoichiometry in an ombrotrophic peatland: from plants to peat
journal, January 2014
- Wang, Meng; Moore, Tim R.; Talbot, Julie
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Nitrogen- or phosphorus-limited growth in herbaceous, wet vegetation: relations with atmospheric inputs and management regimes
journal, December 1996
- Verhoeven, J. T. A.; Koerselman, W.; Meuleman, A. F. M.
- Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 11, Issue 12
Drivers of decomposition and the detrital invertebrate community differ across a hummock-hollow microtopology in Boreal peatlands
journal, December 2017
- Barreto, Carlos; Lindo, Zoë
- Écoscience, Vol. 25, Issue 1
Rapid loss of an ecosystem engineer: Sphagnum decline in an experimentally warmed bog
journal, October 2019
- Norby, Richard J.; Childs, Joanne; Hanson, Paul J.
- Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 22
High nitrogen deposition alters the decomposition of bog plant litter and reduces carbon accumulation
journal, November 2011
- Bragazza, Luca; Buttler, Alexandre; Habermacher, Jonathan
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 18, Issue 3
Experiments on Breakdown of Sphagnum in Two Bogs
journal, November 1965
- Clymo, R. S.
- The Journal of Ecology, Vol. 53, Issue 3
Effects of litter mixtures on aerobic decomposition rate and its temperature sensitivity in a boreal peatland
journal, November 2019
- Zhang, Xinhou; Wang, Xianwei; Finnegan, Patrick M.
- Geoderma, Vol. 354
Dynamic Vertical Profiles of Peat Porewater Chemistry in a Northern Peatland
journal, October 2016
- Griffiths, Natalie A.; Sebestyen, Stephen D.
- Wetlands, Vol. 36, Issue 6, p. 1119-1130
Patterns of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dynamics in Decomposing Foliar Litter in Canadian Forests
journal, January 2006
- Moore, T. R.; Trofymow, J. A.; Prescott, C. E.
- Ecosystems, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Sphagnum and Cellulose Decomposition in Drained and Natural Areas of an Alberta Peatland
journal, November 1988
- Lieffers, V. J.
- Canadian Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 68, Issue 4
Effects of nutrient addition on vegetation and carbon cycling in an ombrotrophic bog
journal, June 2007
- Bubier, Jill L.; Moore, Tim R.; Bledzki, Leszek A.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 13, Issue 6
Marcell Experimental Forest weekly or biweekly streamwater chemistry at the S1 catchment, 2007 - ongoing
dataset, January 2021
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Oleheiser, Keith C.; Larson, John T.
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest weekly soil temperature, 1989 - ongoing
dataset, January 2020
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Burdick, Jacob M.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest daily peatland water table elevation, 1961 - ongoing
dataset, January 2020
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Verry, Elon S.; Elling, Arthur E.
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest daily precipitation, 1961 - ongoing
dataset, January 2022
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Burdick, Jacob M.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest biweekly surface water and monthly porewater chemistry at Bog Lake Peatland, 2007 - ongoing
dataset, January 2021
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Lany, Nina K.; Larson, John T.
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest daily peatland water table elevation, 1961 - ongoing
dataset, January 2021
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Burdick, Jacob M.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest weekly soil temperature, 1989 - ongoing
dataset, January 2022
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Burdick, Jacob M.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest daily peatland water table elevation, 1961 - ongoing
dataset, January 2021
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Burdick, Jacob M.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest daily peatland water table elevation, 1961 - ongoing
dataset, January 2020
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Verry, Elon S.; Elling, Arthur E.
- Environmental Data Initiative
Marcell Experimental Forest daily precipitation, 1961 - ongoing
dataset, January 2022
- Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Burdick, Jacob M.; Roman, Daniel Tyler
- Environmental Data Initiative