Coral Gardens Reef, Belize: A refugium in the face of Caribbean-wide Acropora spp. coral decline
Abstract
Caribbean Acropora spp. corals have undergone a decline in cover since the second half of the twentieth century. Loss of these architecturally complex and fast-growing corals has resulted in significant, cascading changes to the character, diversity, and available ecospaces of Caribbean reefs. Few thriving Acropora spp. populations exist today in the Caribbean and western North Atlantic seas, and our limited ability to access data from reefs assessed via long-term monitoring efforts means that reef scientists are challenged to determine resilience and longevity of existing Acropora spp. reefs. Here we used multiple dating methods to measure reef longevity and determine whether Coral Gardens Reef, Belize, is a refuge for Acropora cervicornis against the backdrop of wider Caribbean decline. We used a new genetic-aging technique to identify sample sites, and radiocarbon and high-precision uranium-thorium (U-Th) dating techniques to test whether one of the largest populations of extant A. cervicornis in the western Caribbean is newly established after the 1980s, or represents a longer-lived, stable population. We did so with respect for ethical sampling of a threatened species. Our data show corals ranging in age from 1910 (14C) or 1915 (230Th) to at least November 2019. While we cannot exclude the possibility ofmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
- Washington and Lee Univ., Lexington, VA (United States). Geology Dept.
- Univ. of Wollongong, NSW (Australia). School of Earth Atmospheric and Life Sciences; Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (Australia). School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Radiogenic Isotope Facility
- Washington and Lee Univ., Lexington, VA (United States). Geology Dept.; Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (United States). Dept. of Earth Sciences
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Ocean Sciences Dept.
- Macalester College, St. Paul, MN (United States). Geology Dept.
- Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (Australia). School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Radiogenic Isotope Facility
- Smith College, Northampton, MA (United States). Geosciences Dept.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1815640
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; 1358987
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- PLoS ONE
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 1932-6203
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Coral reefs; Radioactive carbon dating; Corals; Caribbean; Aragonite; Scanning electron microscopy; Conservation science; Storms
Citation Formats
Greer, Lisa, Clark, Tara, Waggoner, Tanner, Busch, James, Guilderson, Thomas P., Wirth, Karl, Zhao, Jian-xin, and Curran, H. Allen. Coral Gardens Reef, Belize: A refugium in the face of Caribbean-wide Acropora spp. coral decline. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239267.
Greer, Lisa, Clark, Tara, Waggoner, Tanner, Busch, James, Guilderson, Thomas P., Wirth, Karl, Zhao, Jian-xin, & Curran, H. Allen. Coral Gardens Reef, Belize: A refugium in the face of Caribbean-wide Acropora spp. coral decline. United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239267
Greer, Lisa, Clark, Tara, Waggoner, Tanner, Busch, James, Guilderson, Thomas P., Wirth, Karl, Zhao, Jian-xin, and Curran, H. Allen. Wed .
"Coral Gardens Reef, Belize: A refugium in the face of Caribbean-wide Acropora spp. coral decline". United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239267. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1815640.
@article{osti_1815640,
title = {Coral Gardens Reef, Belize: A refugium in the face of Caribbean-wide Acropora spp. coral decline},
author = {Greer, Lisa and Clark, Tara and Waggoner, Tanner and Busch, James and Guilderson, Thomas P. and Wirth, Karl and Zhao, Jian-xin and Curran, H. Allen},
abstractNote = {Caribbean Acropora spp. corals have undergone a decline in cover since the second half of the twentieth century. Loss of these architecturally complex and fast-growing corals has resulted in significant, cascading changes to the character, diversity, and available ecospaces of Caribbean reefs. Few thriving Acropora spp. populations exist today in the Caribbean and western North Atlantic seas, and our limited ability to access data from reefs assessed via long-term monitoring efforts means that reef scientists are challenged to determine resilience and longevity of existing Acropora spp. reefs. Here we used multiple dating methods to measure reef longevity and determine whether Coral Gardens Reef, Belize, is a refuge for Acropora cervicornis against the backdrop of wider Caribbean decline. We used a new genetic-aging technique to identify sample sites, and radiocarbon and high-precision uranium-thorium (U-Th) dating techniques to test whether one of the largest populations of extant A. cervicornis in the western Caribbean is newly established after the 1980s, or represents a longer-lived, stable population. We did so with respect for ethical sampling of a threatened species. Our data show corals ranging in age from 1910 (14C) or 1915 (230Th) to at least November 2019. While we cannot exclude the possibility of short gaps in the residence of A. cervicornis earlier in the record, the data show consistent and sustained living coral throughout the 1980s and up to at least 2019. We suggest that Coral Gardens has served as a refuge for A. cervicornis and that identifying other, similar sites may be critical to efforts to grow, preserve, conserve, and seed besieged Caribbean reefs.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0239267},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
number = 9,
volume = 15,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Wed Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Pleistocene Perspectives on Coral Reef Community Structure
journal, December 1992
- Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
- American Zoologist, Vol. 32, Issue 6
Shifting ecological baselines and the demise of Acropora cervicornis in the western North Atlantic and Caribbean Province: a Pleistocene perspective
journal, September 1998
- Greenstein, B. J.; Curran, H. A.; Pandolfi, J. M.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 17, Issue 3
Millennial-scale dynamics of staghorn coral in Discovery Bay, Jamaica: History of staghorn coral in Jamaica
journal, March 2004
- Wapnick, Cheryl M.; Precht, William F.; Aronson, Richard B.
- Ecology Letters, Vol. 7, Issue 4
Ecological persistence interrupted in Caribbean coral reefs
journal, July 2006
- Pandolfi, John M.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
- Ecology Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 7
How vulnerable is Acropora cervicornis to environmental change? Lessons from the early to middle Holocene
journal, March 2009
- Greer, Lisa; Jackson, Julia E.; Curran, H. Allen
- Geology, Vol. 37, Issue 3
Endangered acroporid corals of the Caribbean
journal, February 2002
- Precht, W.; Bruckner, A.; Aronson, R.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 21, Issue 1
An analysis of the loss of acroporid corals at Looe Key, Florida, USA: 1983–2000
journal, July 2002
- Miller, M.; Bourque, A.; Bohnsack, J.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 21, Issue 2
Restricted Gene Flow in the Caribbean Staghorn Coral Acropora cervicornis: Implications for the Recovery of Endangered Reefs
journal, December 2006
- Vollmer, S. V.; Palumbi, S. R.
- Journal of Heredity, Vol. 98, Issue 1
Anthropogenic mortality on coral reefs in Caribbean Panama predates coral disease and bleaching: Historical change on Caribbean coral reefs
journal, March 2012
- Cramer, Katie L.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.; Angioletti, Christopher V.
- Ecology Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 6
Molluscan subfossil assemblages reveal the long-term deterioration of coral reef environments in Caribbean Panama
journal, July 2015
- Cramer, Katie L.; Leonard-Pingel, Jill S.; Rodríguez, Félix
- Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 96, Issue 1-2
Widespread loss of Caribbean acroporid corals was underway before coral bleaching and disease outbreaks
journal, April 2020
- Cramer, Katie L.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.; Donovan, Mary K.
- Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 17
Spread of Diadema Mass Mortality Through the Caribbean
journal, October 1984
- Lessios, H. A.; Robertson, D. R.; Cubit, J. D.
- Science, Vol. 226, Issue 4672
Mass Mortality of Diadema Antillarum in the Caribbean: What Have We Learned?
journal, November 1988
- Lessios, H. A.
- Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 19, Issue 1
White Band Disease (type I) of Endangered Caribbean Acroporid Corals is Caused by Pathogenic Bacteria
journal, June 2011
- Kline, David I.; Vollmer, Steven V.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Contemporary white-band disease in Caribbean corals driven by climate change
journal, February 2015
- Randall, C. J.; van Woesik, R.
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 5, Issue 4
Coral bleaching: the winners and the losers
journal, March 2001
- Loya, Y.; Sakai, K.; Yamazato, K.
- Ecology Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Flattening of Caribbean coral reefs: region-wide declines in architectural complexity
journal, May 2009
- Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Gill, Jennifer A.
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 276, Issue 1669
Changing Patterns of Microhabitat Utilization by the Threespot Damselfish, Stegastes planifrons, on Caribbean Reefs
journal, May 2010
- Precht, William F.; Aronson, Richard B.; Moody, Ryan M.
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 5, Issue 5
Attributing mortality among drivers of population decline in Acropora palmata in the Florida Keys (USA)
journal, November 2011
- Williams, D. E.; Miller, M. W.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 31, Issue 2
Coral reefs in the Anthropocene
journal, June 2017
- Hughes, Terry P.; Barnes, Michele L.; Bellwood, David R.
- Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7656
Global warming transforms coral reef assemblages
journal, April 2018
- Hughes, Terry P.; Kerry, James T.; Baird, Andrew H.
- Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7702
Perturbation and change in coral reef communities
journal, March 1982
- Porter, J. W.; Battey, J. F.; Smith, G. J.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 79, Issue 5
Catastrophes, Phase Shifts, and Large-Scale Degradation of a Caribbean Coral Reef
journal, September 1994
- Hughes, T. P.
- Science, Vol. 265, Issue 5178
Long-Term Region-Wide Declines in Caribbean Corals
journal, August 2003
- Gardner, T. A.
- Science, Vol. 301, Issue 5635
Global Trajectories of the Long-Term Decline of Coral Reef Ecosystems
journal, August 2003
- Pandolfi, J. M.
- Science, Vol. 301, Issue 5635
Ecosystem services of the tropical seascape: interactions, substitutions and restoration
journal, January 2003
- Moberg, Fredrik; Rönnbäck, Patrik
- Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol. 46, Issue 1-2
Rapid phase-shift reversal on a Jamaican coral reef
journal, March 2006
- Idjadi, Joshua A.; Lee, Sarah C.; Bruno, John F.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 25, Issue 2
Attributing physical and biological impacts to anthropogenic climate change
journal, May 2008
- Rosenzweig, Cynthia; Karoly, David; Vicarelli, Marta
- Nature, Vol. 453, Issue 7193
Weak Prezygotic Isolating Mechanisms in Threatened Caribbean Acropora Corals
journal, February 2012
- Fogarty, Nicole D.; Vollmer, Steven V.; Levitan, Don R.
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Coral Transplantation: A Useful Management Tool or Misguided Meddling?
journal, December 1999
- Edwards, Alasdair J.; Clark, Susan
- Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 37, Issue 8-12
Coral Transplantation: Regeneration and Growth of Acropora Fragments in a Nursery
journal, March 2003
- Soong, Keryea; Chen, Tai-an
- Restoration Ecology, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Conservation of Coral Reefs through Active Restoration Measures: Recent Approaches and Last Decade Progress
journal, May 2005
- Rinkevich, Baruch
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 39, Issue 12
A window to the past: documenting the status of one of the last remaining ‘megapopulations’ of the threatened staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis in the Dominican Republic
journal, September 2010
- Lirman, D.; Bowden-kerby, A.; Schopmeyer, S.
- Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Vol. 20, Issue 7
Propagation of the threatened staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis: methods to minimize the impacts of fragment collection and maximize production
journal, April 2010
- Lirman, D.; Thyberg, T.; Herlan, J.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 29, Issue 3
A Review of Reef Restoration and Coral Propagation Using the Threatened Genus Acropora in the Caribbean and Western Atlantic
journal, October 2012
- Young, Cn; Schopmeyer, Sa; Lirman, D.
- Bulletin of Marine Science, Vol. 88, Issue 4
Growth Dynamics of the Threatened Caribbean Staghorn Coral Acropora cervicornis: Influence of Host Genotype, Symbiont Identity, Colony Size, and Environmental Setting
journal, September 2014
- Lirman, Diego; Schopmeyer, Stephanie; Galvan, Victor
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue 9
Optimizing the productivity of a coral nursery focused on staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis
journal, April 2015
- Lohr, Ke; Bejarano, S.; Lirman, D.
- Endangered Species Research, Vol. 27, Issue 3
Operationalizing resilience for adaptive coral reef management under global environmental change
journal, September 2014
- Anthony, Kenneth R. N.; Marshall, Paul A.; Abdulla, Ameer
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 1
Ecological solutions to reef degradation: optimizing coral reef restoration in the Caribbean and Western Atlantic
journal, January 2016
- Lirman, Diego; Schopmeyer, Stephanie
- PeerJ, Vol. 4
Reef-scale trends in Florida Acropora spp. abundance and the effects of population enhancement
journal, January 2016
- Miller, Margaret W.; Kerr, Katryna; Williams, Dana E.
- PeerJ, Vol. 4
Evaluation of staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis, Lamarck 1816) production techniques in an ocean-based nursery with consideration of coral genotype
journal, February 2017
- O'Donnell, Kelli E.; Lohr, Kathryn E.; Bartels, Erich
- Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Vol. 487
Building coral reef resilience through assisted evolution
journal, February 2015
- van Oppen, Madeleine J. H.; Oliver, James K.; Putnam, Hollie M.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 8
Shifting paradigms in restoration of the world's coral reefs
journal, March 2017
- Oppen, Madeleine J. H.; Gates, Ruth D.; Blackall, Linda L.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 23, Issue 9
Assisted fertilization of threatened Staghorn Coral to complement the restoration of nurseries in Southeastern Dominican Republic
journal, February 2018
- Calle-Triviño, Johanna; Cortés-Useche, Camilo; Sellares-Blasco, Rita Inés
- Regional Studies in Marine Science, Vol. 18
Comparing the Efficiency of Nursery and Direct Transplanting Methods for Restoring Endangered Corals
journal, May 2019
- Forrester, Graham E.; Chan, Maggie; Conetta, Dennis
- Ecological Restoration, Vol. 37, Issue 2
Major bleaching events can lead to increased thermal tolerance in corals
journal, June 2008
- Maynard, J. A.; Anthony, K. R. N.; Marshall, P. A.
- Marine Biology, Vol. 155, Issue 2
Ecological and genetic data indicate recovery of the endangered coral Acropora palmata in Los Roques, Southern Caribbean
journal, September 2007
- Zubillaga, A. L.; Márquez, L. M.; Cróquer, A.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 27, Issue 1
Natural Disease Resistance in Threatened Staghorn Corals
journal, November 2008
- Vollmer, Steven V.; Kline, David I.
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 3, Issue 11
Doom and Boom on a Resilient Reef: Climate Change, Algal Overgrowth and Coral Recovery
journal, April 2009
- Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo; McCook, Laurence J.; Dove, Sophie
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 4, Issue 4
Contrasting Patterns of Coral Bleaching Susceptibility in 2010 Suggest an Adaptive Response to Thermal Stress
journal, March 2012
- Guest, James R.; Baird, Andrew H.; Maynard, Jeffrey A.
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, Issue 3
Closing the circle: is it feasible to rehabilitate reefs with sexually propagated corals?
journal, December 2013
- Guest, J. R.; Baria, M. V.; Gomez, E. D.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 33, Issue 1
Genotypic variation influences reproductive success and thermal stress tolerance in the reef building coral, Acropora palmata
journal, February 2013
- Baums, I. B.; Devlin-Durante, M. K.; Polato, N. R.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 32, Issue 3
Demography of the threatened coral Acropora cervicornis: implications for its management and conservation
journal, September 2015
- Mercado-Molina, Alex E.; Ruiz-Diaz, Claudia P.; Pérez, María E.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 34, Issue 4
Quantifying exceptionally large populations of Acropora spp. corals off Belize using sub-meter satellite imagery classification
journal, April 2016
- Busch, James; Greer, Lisa; Harbor, David
- Bulletin of Marine Science, Vol. 92, Issue 2
Persistence of coral assemblages at East and West Flower Garden Banks, Gulf of Mexico
journal, April 2016
- Johnston, Michelle A.; Embesi, John A.; Eckert, Ryan J.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 35, Issue 3
Bright spots among the world’s coral reefs
journal, June 2016
- Cinner, Joshua E.; Huchery, Cindy; MacNeil, M. Aaron
- Nature, Vol. 535, Issue 7612
Climate Change, Coral Loss, and the Curious Case of the Parrotfish Paradigm: Why Don't Marine Protected Areas Improve Reef Resilience?
journal, January 2019
- Bruno, John F.; Côté, Isabelle M.; Toth, Lauren T.
- Annual Review of Marine Science, Vol. 11, Issue 1
The future of resilience-based management in coral reef ecosystems
journal, March 2019
- Mcleod, Elizabeth; Anthony, Kenneth R. N.; Mumby, Peter J.
- Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 233
Coral reef conservation in the Anthropocene: Confronting spatial mismatches and prioritizing functions
journal, August 2019
- Bellwood, David R.; Pratchett, Morgan S.; Morrison, Tiffany H.
- Biological Conservation, Vol. 236
A framework for identifying and characterising coral reef “oases” against a backdrop of degradation
journal, June 2018
- Guest, James R.; Edmunds, Peter J.; Gates, Ruth D.
- Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 55, Issue 6
Risk‐sensitive planning for conserving coral reefs under rapid climate change
journal, June 2018
- Beyer, Hawthorne L.; Kennedy, Emma V.; Beger, Maria
- Conservation Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 6
Doom and gloom won't save the world
journal, April 2017
- Knowlton, Nancy
- Nature, Vol. 544, Issue 7650
High-latitude Acropora cervicornis thickets off Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
journal, December 2003
- Vargas-�ngel, B.; Thomas, J. D.; Hoke, S. M.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 22, Issue 4
Unexpectedly high cover of Acropora cervicornis on offshore reefs in Roatán (Honduras)
journal, June 2005
- Keck, J.; Houston, R. S.; Purkis, S.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 24, Issue 3
Enhanced detection of the coral Acropora cervicornis from satellite imagery using a textural operator
journal, March 2006
- Purkis, Samuel J.; Myint, Soe W.; Riegl, Bernhard M.
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 101, Issue 1
Monitored and modeled coral population dynamics and the refuge concept
journal, January 2009
- Riegl, B.; Purkis, S. J.; Keck, J.
- Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 58, Issue 1
Coral reef crisis in deep and shallow reefs: 30 years of constancy and change in reefs of Curacao and Bonaire
journal, August 2005
- Bak, Rolf P. M.; Nieuwland, Gerard; Meesters, Erik H.
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 24, Issue 3
Emergent Zonation and Geographic Convergence of Coral Reefs
journal, October 2005
- Aronson, Richard B.; Macintyre, Ian G.; Lewis, Staci A.
- Ecology, Vol. 86, Issue 10
A Global Analysis of the Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas in Preventing Coral Loss
journal, February 2010
- Selig, Elizabeth R.; Bruno, John F.
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Possible Return of Acropora cervicornis at Pulaski Shoal, Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida
journal, November 2012
- Lidz, Barbara H.
- Journal of Coastal Research, Vol. 29, Issue 2
Caribbean massive corals not recovering from repeated thermal stress events during 2005–2013
journal, February 2017
- Neal, Benjamin Paul; Khen, Adi; Treibitz, Tali
- Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 7, Issue 5
Biology in the Anthropocene: Challenges and insights from young fossil records
journal, April 2015
- Kidwell, Susan M.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 16
Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean
journal, January 2015
- McCauley, D. J.; Pinsky, M. L.; Palumbi, S. R.
- Science, Vol. 347, Issue 6219
Zonation of Uplifted Pleistocene Coral Reefs on Barbados, West Indies
journal, May 1967
- Mesolella, Kenneth J.
- Science, Vol. 156, Issue 3775
Thickest recorded Holocene reef section, Isla Pérez core hole, Alacran Reef, Mexico
journal, January 1977
- Macintyre, Ian G.; Burke, Randolph B.; Stuckenrath, Robert
- Geology, Vol. 5, Issue 12
The Expanding Scale of Species Turnover Events on Coral Reefs in Belize
journal, May 2002
- Aronson, Richard B.; Macintyre, Ian G.; Precht, William F.
- Ecological Monographs, Vol. 72, Issue 2
Radiocarbon Age Calibration of Marine Samples Back to 9000 Cal Yr BP
journal, January 1986
- Stuiver, Minze; Pearson, G. W.; Braziunas, Tom
- Radiocarbon, Vol. 28, Issue 2B
Radiocarbon in annual coral rings from the eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean
journal, January 1981
- Druffel, Ellen M.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Uranium-Series Dating of Corals and Oolites from Bahaman and Florida Key Limestones
journal, July 1965
- Broecker, Wallace S.; Thurber, David L.
- Science, Vol. 149, Issue 3679
Calibration of the 14C timescale over the past 30,000 years using mass spectrometric U–Th ages from Barbados corals
journal, May 1990
- Bard, Edouard; Hamelin, Bruno; Fairbanks, Richard G.
- Nature, Vol. 345, Issue 6274
230 Th- 234 U and 14 C Ages Obtained by Mass Spectrometry on Corals
journal, January 1993
- Bard, Edouard; Arnold, Maurice; Fairbanks, Richard G.
- Radiocarbon, Vol. 35, Issue 1
Radiocarbon calibration curve spanning 0 to 50,000 years BP based on paired 230Th/234U/238U and 14C dates on pristine corals
journal, September 2005
- Fairbanks, Richard G.; Mortlock, Richard A.; Chiu, Tzu-Chien
- Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 24, Issue 16-17
Holocene reef growth over irregular Pleistocene karst confirms major influence of hydrodynamic factors on Holocene reef development
journal, January 2018
- Salas-Saavedra, Marcos; Dechnik, Belinda; Webb, Gregory E.
- Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 180
Variation of initial 230Th/232Th and limits of high precision U–Th dating of shallow-water corals
journal, September 2008
- Shen, Chuan-Chou; Li, Kuei-Shu; Sieh, Kerry
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 72, Issue 17
U/Th-dating living and young fossil corals from the central tropical Pacific
journal, May 2003
- Cobb, Kim M.; Charles, Christopher D.; Cheng, Hai
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 210, Issue 1-2
Testing the precision and accuracy of the U–Th chronometer for dating coral mortality events in the last 100 years
journal, October 2014
- Clark, Tara R.; Roff, George; Zhao, Jian-xin
- Quaternary Geochronology, Vol. 23
Applications of the 238 U– 230 Th decay series to dating of fossil and modern corals using MC-ICPMS
journal, August 2008
- McCulloch, M. T.; Mortimer, G. E.
- Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 55, Issue 6-7
Discerning the timing and cause of historical mortality events in modern Porites from the Great Barrier Reef
journal, August 2014
- Clark, Tara R.; Zhao, Jian-xin; Roff, George
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 138
How old are you? Genet age estimates in a clonal animal
journal, October 2016
- Devlin‐Durante, M. K.; Miller, M. W.; Precht, W. F.
- Molecular Ecology, Vol. 25, Issue 22
Age and intraspecific diversity of resilient Acropora communities in Belize
journal, June 2017
- Irwin, Adele; Greer, Lisa; Humston, Robert
- Coral Reefs, Vol. 36, Issue 4
Discussion Reporting of 14 C Data
journal, January 1977
- Stuiver, Minze; Polach, Henry A.
- Radiocarbon, Vol. 19, Issue 3
Bayesian Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates
journal, January 2009
- Bronk Ramsey, Christopher
- Radiocarbon, Vol. 51, Issue 1
IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0–50,000 Years cal BP
journal, January 2013
- Reimer, Paula J.; Bard, Edouard; Bayliss, Alex
- Radiocarbon, Vol. 55, Issue 4
238U234U230Th232Th systematics and the precise measurement of time over the past 500,000 years
journal, January 1987
- Lawrence Edwards, R.; Chen, J. H.; Wasserburg, G. J.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 81, Issue 2-3
Decadal-scale rates of reef erosion following El Niño-related mass coral mortality
journal, October 2015
- Roff, George; Zhao, Jian-xin; Mumby, Peter J.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 12
Refugia: identifying and understanding safe havens for biodiversity under climate change: Identifying and understanding refugia
journal, June 2011
- Keppel, Gunnar; Van Niel, Kimberly P.; Wardell-Johnson, Grant W.
- Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 21, Issue 4
Long-Term Persistence of Coral Assemblages on the Flower Garden Banks, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico: Implications for Science and Management
journal, January 2005
- Aronson, Richard B.; Precht, William F.; Murdoch, Thaddeus J. T.
- Gulf of Mexico Science, Vol. 23, Issue 1
Back to the future: The history of acroporid corals at the Flower Garden Banks, Gulf of Mexico, USA
journal, March 2014
- Precht, William F.; Deslarzes, Kenneth J. P.; Hickerson, Emma L.
- Marine Geology, Vol. 349
Holocene Reef Development Along the Northeastern St. Croix Shelf, Buck Island, U.S. Virgin Islands
journal, January 2005
- Hubbard, D. K.; Zankl, H.; Van Heerden, I.
- Journal of Sedimentary Research, Vol. 75, Issue 1
Extinction selectivity and ecology of Neogene Caribbean reef corals
journal, January 1995
- Johnson, Kenneth G.; Budd, Ann F.; Stemann, Thomas A.
- Paleobiology, Vol. 21, Issue 1
Palaeoecological evidence of a historical collapse of corals at Pelorus Island, inshore Great Barrier Reef, following European settlement
journal, January 2013
- Roff, George; Clark, Tara R.; Reymond, Claire E.
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 280, Issue 1750
U-Th dating reveals regional-scale decline of branching Acropora corals on the Great Barrier Reef over the past century
journal, September 2017
- Clark, Tara R.; Roff, George; Zhao, Jian-xin
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 39
Millennial‐scale change in the structure of a Caribbean reef ecosystem and the role of human and natural disturbance
journal, October 2019
- Cramer, Katie L.; O'Dea, Aaron; Leonard‐Pingel, Jill S.
- Ecography, Vol. 43, Issue 2