Mitigating Scatter in Mechanical Properties in AISI 410 Fabricated via Arc-Based Additive Manufacturing Process
Abstract
Wire-based metal additive manufacturing utilizes the ability of additive manufacturing to fabricate complex geometries with high deposition rates (above 7 kg/h), thus finding applications in the fabrication of large-scale components, such as stamping dies. Traditionally, the workhorse materials for stamping dies have been martensitic steels. However, the complex thermal gyrations induced during additive manufacturing can cause the evolution of an inhomogeneous microstructure, which leads to a significant scatter in the mechanical properties, especially the toughness. Therefore, to understand these phenomena, arc-based additive AISI 410 samples were fabricated using robotic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and were subjected to a detailed characterization campaign. The results show significant scatter in the tensile properties as well as Charpy V-notch impact toughness data, which was then correlated to the microstructural heterogeneity and delta (δ) ferrite formation. Post-processing (austenitizing and tempering) treatments were developed and an ~70% reduction in the scatter of tensile data and a four-times improvement in the toughness were obtained. The changes in mechanical properties were rationalized based on the microstructure evolution during additive manufacturing. Based on these, an outline to tailor the composition of “printable” steels for tooling with isotropic and uniform mechanical properties is presented and discussed.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[4];
[4];
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division; Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States)
- Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Energy and Transport Science and Technology Division
- Lincoln Electric Company, Cleveland, OH (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant (Y-12), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Manufacturing Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1777790
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1839079
- Report Number(s):
- IROS44130-2
Journal ID: ISSN 1996-1944
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; NA0001942
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 13; Journal Issue: 21; Journal ID: ISSN 1996-1944
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; additive manufacturing; steel; delta ferrite; microstructure; mechanical properties; 47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
Citation Formats
Roy, Sougata, Shassere, Benjamin, Yoder, Jake, Nycz, Andrzej, Noakes, Mark, Narayanan, Badri K., Meyer, Luke, Paul, Jonathan, and Sridharan, Niyanth. Mitigating Scatter in Mechanical Properties in AISI 410 Fabricated via Arc-Based Additive Manufacturing Process. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.3390/ma13214855.
Roy, Sougata, Shassere, Benjamin, Yoder, Jake, Nycz, Andrzej, Noakes, Mark, Narayanan, Badri K., Meyer, Luke, Paul, Jonathan, & Sridharan, Niyanth. Mitigating Scatter in Mechanical Properties in AISI 410 Fabricated via Arc-Based Additive Manufacturing Process. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214855
Roy, Sougata, Shassere, Benjamin, Yoder, Jake, Nycz, Andrzej, Noakes, Mark, Narayanan, Badri K., Meyer, Luke, Paul, Jonathan, and Sridharan, Niyanth. Thu .
"Mitigating Scatter in Mechanical Properties in AISI 410 Fabricated via Arc-Based Additive Manufacturing Process". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214855. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1777790.
@article{osti_1777790,
title = {Mitigating Scatter in Mechanical Properties in AISI 410 Fabricated via Arc-Based Additive Manufacturing Process},
author = {Roy, Sougata and Shassere, Benjamin and Yoder, Jake and Nycz, Andrzej and Noakes, Mark and Narayanan, Badri K. and Meyer, Luke and Paul, Jonathan and Sridharan, Niyanth},
abstractNote = {Wire-based metal additive manufacturing utilizes the ability of additive manufacturing to fabricate complex geometries with high deposition rates (above 7 kg/h), thus finding applications in the fabrication of large-scale components, such as stamping dies. Traditionally, the workhorse materials for stamping dies have been martensitic steels. However, the complex thermal gyrations induced during additive manufacturing can cause the evolution of an inhomogeneous microstructure, which leads to a significant scatter in the mechanical properties, especially the toughness. Therefore, to understand these phenomena, arc-based additive AISI 410 samples were fabricated using robotic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and were subjected to a detailed characterization campaign. The results show significant scatter in the tensile properties as well as Charpy V-notch impact toughness data, which was then correlated to the microstructural heterogeneity and delta (δ) ferrite formation. Post-processing (austenitizing and tempering) treatments were developed and an ~70% reduction in the scatter of tensile data and a four-times improvement in the toughness were obtained. The changes in mechanical properties were rationalized based on the microstructure evolution during additive manufacturing. Based on these, an outline to tailor the composition of “printable” steels for tooling with isotropic and uniform mechanical properties is presented and discussed.},
doi = {10.3390/ma13214855},
journal = {Materials},
number = 21,
volume = 13,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Oct 29 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Thu Oct 29 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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