Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction

Zhang, Zhiyong; Liu, Chang; Brosnahan, John T.; Zhou, Hua; Xu, Wenqian; Zhang, Sen

doi:10.1039/c9ta06750g

Title: Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO₂ reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction

Abstract

We investigated the structural evolution of PbS catalysts under electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (eCO₂RR) conditions using an in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) technique. The PbS catalyst with an initial form of size-tunable nanocrystals (NCs) performed efficiently in the electrochemical conversion of CO₂ to formate with a record-high mass activity (MA) of 52.2 ± 5.2 mA mg_Pb^-1 at -1.2 V and 74.9 ± 4.7 mA mg_Pb^-1 at -1.4 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). In situ SR-XRD analyses revealed that PbS NCs underwent rapid structural transformation to Pb thin films during the eCO₂RR, providing the real catalytic surface for the eCO₂RR. Such a structural change is complex, with PbS first being converted to PbCO₃ and the latter species being further reduced to Pb. This work highlights the importance of understanding environmental impacts on the instability of nanocatalysts under eCO₂RR conditions and the need for designing more robust electrocatalysts.

Authors:

^[1]; Liu, Chang ^[1]; Brosnahan, John T. ^[1]; Zhou, Hua ^[2]; Xu, Wenqian ^[2];

^[1]

Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Publication Date:: Mon Sep 16 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: 4-VA Collaborative Research Grant Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1630295

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 41; Journal ID: ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats


                    Zhang, Zhiyong, Liu, Chang, Brosnahan, John T., Zhou, Hua, Xu, Wenqian, and Zhang, Sen. Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1039/c9ta06750g.

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                    Zhang, Zhiyong, Liu, Chang, Brosnahan, John T., Zhou, Hua, Xu, Wenqian, & Zhang, Sen. Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta06750g

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                    Zhang, Zhiyong, Liu, Chang, Brosnahan, John T., Zhou, Hua, Xu, Wenqian, and Zhang, Sen. Mon .  
"Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta06750g.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1630295.

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@article{osti_1630295,

  title        = {Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction},

  author       = {Zhang, Zhiyong and Liu, Chang and Brosnahan, John T. and Zhou, Hua and Xu, Wenqian and Zhang, Sen},

  abstractNote = {We investigated the structural evolution of PbS catalysts under electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) conditions using an in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) technique. The PbS catalyst with an initial form of size-tunable nanocrystals (NCs) performed efficiently in the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to formate with a record-high mass activity (MA) of 52.2 ± 5.2 mA mgPb-1 at -1.2 V and 74.9 ± 4.7 mA mgPb-1 at -1.4 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). In situ SR-XRD analyses revealed that PbS NCs underwent rapid structural transformation to Pb thin films during the eCO2RR, providing the real catalytic surface for the eCO2RR. Such a structural change is complex, with PbS first being converted to PbCO3 and the latter species being further reduced to Pb. This work highlights the importance of understanding environmental impacts on the instability of nanocatalysts under eCO2RR conditions and the need for designing more robust electrocatalysts.},

  doi          = {10.1039/c9ta06750g},

  journal      = {Journal of Materials Chemistry. A},

  number       = 41,

  volume       = 7,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Sep 16 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon Sep 16 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Title: Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Title: Revealing structural evolution of PbS nanocrystal catalysts in electrochemical CO₂ reduction using in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction

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book, January 2008

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journal, November 2014

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journal, April 2014

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journal, September 1987

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Particle Size Effects in the Catalytic Electroreduction of CO ₂ on Cu Nanoparticles
journal, May 2014

Thiocyanate-Capped Nanocrystal Colloids: Vibrational Reporter of Surface Chemistry and Solution-Based Route to Enhanced Coupling in Nanocrystal Solids
journal, October 2011

A selective and efficient electrocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction
journal, January 2014

Nitrogen-doped graphenes as efficient electrocatalysts for the selective reduction of carbon dioxide to formate in aqueous solution
journal, January 2016

Embedding Covalency into Metal Catalysts for Efficient Electrochemical Conversion of CO ₂
journal, August 2014

Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Beyond: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Single- and Few-Layer Nanosheets
journal, December 2014

Colloidal Nanocrystals with Molecular Metal Chalcogenide Surface Ligands
journal, June 2009

Sulfur-Modified Copper Catalysts for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate
journal, January 2018

Size-Dependent Optical Properties of Colloidal PbS Quantum Dots
journal, September 2009

Monodisperse Au Nanoparticles for Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO ₂ to CO
journal, October 2013

Catalysis of the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide
journal, January 2013

Ag–Sn Bimetallic Catalyst with a Core–Shell Structure for CO ₂ Reduction
journal, January 2017

Recent Advances in CO ₂ Reduction Electrocatalysis on Copper
journal, June 2018

Low-Temperature Solution Synthesis of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Alloys with Tunable Optical Properties
journal, August 2017

The importance of morphology on the activity of lead cathodes for the reduction of carbon dioxide to formate
journal, January 2019

Partially oxidized atomic cobalt layers for carbon dioxide electroreduction to liquid fuel
journal, January 2016

Progress in catalyst exploration for heterogeneous CO ₂ reduction and utilization: a critical review
journal, January 2017

Catalytic oxidation of carbohydrates into organic acids and furan chemicals
journal, January 2018

Rational Design of Bi Nanoparticles for Efficient Electrochemical CO ₂ Reduction: The Elucidation of Size and Surface Condition Effects
journal, August 2016

Electrochemical CO2 reduction: Electrocatalyst, reaction mechanism, and process engineering
journal, November 2016

The Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate/Formic Acid: Engineering and Economic Feasibility
journal, September 2011

Steering post-C–C coupling selectivity enables high efficiency electroreduction of carbon dioxide to multi-carbon alcohols
journal, June 2018

Applications of Synchrotron-Based X-ray Microprobes
journal, June 2001

Stability and solubility relationships between some solids in the system PbO–CO ₂ –H ₂ O
journal, March 1984

A Versatile Strategy for Shish-Kebab-like Multi-heterostructured Chalcogenides and Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
journal, August 2015

A review of catalysts for the electroreduction of carbon dioxide to produce low-carbon fuels
journal, January 2014

Heterostructured intermetallic CuSn catalysts: high performance towards the electrochemical reduction of CO ₂ to formate
journal, January 2019