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Title: Evidence-Based Annotation of Gene Function in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Using Genome-Wide Fitness Profiling across 121 Conditions

Abstract

Most genes in bacteria are experimentally uncharacterized and cannot be annotated with a specific function. Given the great diversity of bacteria and the ease of genome sequencing, high-throughput approaches to identify gene function experimentally are needed. Here, we use pools of tagged transposon mutants in the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to probe the mutant fitness of 3,355 genes in 121 diverse conditions including different growth substrates, alternative electron acceptors, stresses, and motility. We find that 2,350 genes have a pattern of fitness that is significantly different from random and 1,230 of these genes (37% of our total assayed genes) have enough signal to show strong biological correlations. We find that genes in all functional categories have phenotypes, including hundreds of hypotheticals, and that potentially redundant genes (over 50% amino acid identity to another gene in the genome) are also likely to have distinct phenotypes. Using fitness patterns, we were able to propose specific molecular functions for 40 genes or operons that lacked specific annotations or had incomplete annotations. In one example, we demonstrate that the previously hypothetical gene SO_3749 encodes a functional acetylornithine deacetylase, thus filling a missing step in S. oneidensis metabolism. Additionally, we demonstrate that the orphanmore » histidine kinase SO_2742 and orphan response regulator SO_2648 form a signal transduction pathway that activates expression of acetyl-CoA synthase and is required for S. oneidensis to grow on acetate as a carbon source. Lastly, we demonstrate that gene expression and mutant fitness are poorly correlated and that mutant fitness generates more confident predictions of gene function than does gene expression. The approach described here can be applied generally to create large-scale gene-phenotype maps for evidencebased annotation of gene function in prokaryotes.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [4];  [5]
  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Physical Bioscience Division
  2. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Earth Sciences Division
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Bioengineering
  4. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry. Stanford Genome Technology Center
  5. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Physical Bioscience Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Bioengineering
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division
OSTI Identifier:
1627294
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
PLoS Genetics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 1553-7404
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Genetics & Heredity

Citation Formats

Deutschbauer, Adam, Price, Morgan N., Wetmore, Kelly M., Shao, Wenjun, Baumohl, Jason K., Xu, Zhuchen, Nguyen, Michelle, Tamse, Raquel, Davis, Ronald W., and Arkin, Adam P. Evidence-Based Annotation of Gene Function in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Using Genome-Wide Fitness Profiling across 121 Conditions. United States: N. p., 2011. Web. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002385.
Deutschbauer, Adam, Price, Morgan N., Wetmore, Kelly M., Shao, Wenjun, Baumohl, Jason K., Xu, Zhuchen, Nguyen, Michelle, Tamse, Raquel, Davis, Ronald W., & Arkin, Adam P. Evidence-Based Annotation of Gene Function in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Using Genome-Wide Fitness Profiling across 121 Conditions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002385
Deutschbauer, Adam, Price, Morgan N., Wetmore, Kelly M., Shao, Wenjun, Baumohl, Jason K., Xu, Zhuchen, Nguyen, Michelle, Tamse, Raquel, Davis, Ronald W., and Arkin, Adam P. Thu . "Evidence-Based Annotation of Gene Function in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Using Genome-Wide Fitness Profiling across 121 Conditions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002385. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1627294.
@article{osti_1627294,
title = {Evidence-Based Annotation of Gene Function in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Using Genome-Wide Fitness Profiling across 121 Conditions},
author = {Deutschbauer, Adam and Price, Morgan N. and Wetmore, Kelly M. and Shao, Wenjun and Baumohl, Jason K. and Xu, Zhuchen and Nguyen, Michelle and Tamse, Raquel and Davis, Ronald W. and Arkin, Adam P.},
abstractNote = {Most genes in bacteria are experimentally uncharacterized and cannot be annotated with a specific function. Given the great diversity of bacteria and the ease of genome sequencing, high-throughput approaches to identify gene function experimentally are needed. Here, we use pools of tagged transposon mutants in the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to probe the mutant fitness of 3,355 genes in 121 diverse conditions including different growth substrates, alternative electron acceptors, stresses, and motility. We find that 2,350 genes have a pattern of fitness that is significantly different from random and 1,230 of these genes (37% of our total assayed genes) have enough signal to show strong biological correlations. We find that genes in all functional categories have phenotypes, including hundreds of hypotheticals, and that potentially redundant genes (over 50% amino acid identity to another gene in the genome) are also likely to have distinct phenotypes. Using fitness patterns, we were able to propose specific molecular functions for 40 genes or operons that lacked specific annotations or had incomplete annotations. In one example, we demonstrate that the previously hypothetical gene SO_3749 encodes a functional acetylornithine deacetylase, thus filling a missing step in S. oneidensis metabolism. Additionally, we demonstrate that the orphan histidine kinase SO_2742 and orphan response regulator SO_2648 form a signal transduction pathway that activates expression of acetyl-CoA synthase and is required for S. oneidensis to grow on acetate as a carbon source. Lastly, we demonstrate that gene expression and mutant fitness are poorly correlated and that mutant fitness generates more confident predictions of gene function than does gene expression. The approach described here can be applied generally to create large-scale gene-phenotype maps for evidencebased annotation of gene function in prokaryotes.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1002385},
journal = {PLoS Genetics},
number = 11,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2011},
month = {Thu Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2011}
}

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  • Price, Morgan N.; Deutschbauer, Adam M.; Skerker, Jeffrey M.
  • Molecular Systems Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/msb.2013.16

Mutant phenotypes for thousands of bacterial genes of unknown function
journal, May 2018


The essential genomic landscape of the commensal Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003
journal, July 2017


The novel EHEC gene asa overlaps the TEGT transporter gene in antisense and is regulated by NaCl and growth phase
journal, December 2018

  • Vanderhaeghen, Sonja; Zehentner, Barbara; Scherer, Siegfried
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
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ePath: an online database towards comprehensive essential gene annotation for prokaryotes
journal, September 2019


Neutral forces acting on intragenomic variability shape the Escherichia coli regulatory network topology
journal, April 2013

  • Ruths, T.; Nakhleh, L.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1217630110

Essential genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis sputum
journal, March 2015

  • Turner, Keith H.; Wessel, Aimee K.; Palmer, Gregory C.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419677112

Inference of gene regulatory networks from genome-wide knockout fitness data
journal, December 2012


Use of genetic and chemical synthetic lethality as probes of complexity in bacterial cell systems
journal, October 2017

  • Klobucar, Kristina; Brown, Eric D.
  • FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Vol. 42, Issue 1
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Detection of transcriptional triggers in the dynamics of microbial growth: application to the respiratorily versatile bacterium Shewanella oneidensis
journal, May 2012

  • Beg, Qasim K.; Zampieri, Mattia; Klitgord, Niels
  • Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 40, Issue 15
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DEG 10, an update of the database of essential genes that includes both protein-coding genes and noncoding genomic elements: Table 1.
journal, November 2013

  • Luo, Hao; Lin, Yan; Gao, Feng
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Accurate prediction of bacterial two-component signaling with a deep recurrent neural network ORAKLE
posted_content, January 2019


A phenotypic screening bioassay for Escherichia coli stress and antibiotic responses based on Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
journal, June 2019

  • Ribeiro da Cunha, B.; Fonseca, L. P.; Calado, C. R. C.
  • Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 127, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1111/jam.14429

Genotype-Phenotype Associations in a Nonmodel Prokaryote
journal, February 2012


Comparisons of Shewanella strains based on genome annotations, modeling, and experiments
journal, January 2014

  • Ong, Wai; Vu, Trang T.; Lovendahl, Klaus N.
  • BMC Systems Biology, Vol. 8, Issue 1
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Genome-wide analysis of fitness data and its application to improve metabolic models
journal, October 2018


Evidence for the recent origin of a bacterial protein-coding, overlapping orphan gene by evolutionary overprinting
journal, December 2015

  • Fellner, Lea; Simon, Svenja; Scherling, Christian
  • BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 15, Issue 1
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The evolutionary signal in metagenome phyletic profiles predicts many gene functions
journal, July 2018


Metabolic models and gene essentiality data reveal essential and conserved metabolism in prokaryotes
journal, November 2018


Filling gaps in bacterial amino acid biosynthesis pathways with high-throughput genetics
journal, January 2018


Functional toxicology: tools to advance the future of toxicity testing
journal, May 2014


Identification of Genes Required by Bacillus thuringiensis for Survival in Soil by Transposon-Directed Insertion Site Sequencing
journal, December 2013


Rapid construction of a whole-genome transposon insertion collection for Shewanella oneidensis by Knockout Sudoku
journal, November 2016

  • Baym, Michael; Shaket, Lev; Anzai, Isao A.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
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Rapid Quantification of Mutant Fitness in Diverse Bacteria by Sequencing Randomly Bar-Coded Transposons
journal, May 2015

  • Wetmore, Kelly M.; Price, Morgan N.; Waters, Robert J.
  • mBio, Vol. 6, Issue 3, Article No. e00306-15
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Need for Laboratory Ecosystems To Unravel the Structures and Functions of Soil Microbial Communities Mediated by Chemistry
journal, July 2018


Functional Genomics of Novel Secondary Metabolites from Diverse Cyanobacteria Using Untargeted Metabolomics
journal, September 2013

  • Baran, Richard; Ivanova, Natalia; Jose, Nick
  • Marine Drugs, Vol. 11, Issue 10
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Inference of gene regulatory networks from genome-wide knockout fitness data
text, January 2012

  • Wang, Liming; Wang, Xiaodong; Arkin, Adam P.
  • Columbia University
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Contextualizing context for synthetic biology - identifying causes of failure of synthetic biological systems
journal, May 2012


Cold adaptation regulated by cryptic prophage excision in Shewanella oneidensis
journal, August 2016

  • Zeng, Zhenshun; Liu, Xiaoxiao; Yao, Jianyun
  • The ISME Journal, Vol. 10, Issue 12
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Indirect and suboptimal control of gene expression is widespread in bacteria
journal, January 2013

  • Price, Morgan N.; Deutschbauer, Adam M.; Skerker, Jeffrey M.
  • Molecular Systems Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 1
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Dissecting a complex chemical stress: chemogenomic profiling of plant hydrolysates
journal, January 2013

  • Skerker, Jeffrey M.; Leon, Dacia; Price, Morgan N.
  • Molecular Systems Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 1
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Rapid construction of a whole-genome transposon insertion collection for Shewanella oneidensis by Knockout Sudoku
journal, November 2016

  • Baym, Michael; Shaket, Lev; Anzai, Isao A.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
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The essential genomic landscape of the commensal Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003
journal, July 2017


Neutral forces acting on intragenomic variability shape the Escherichia coli regulatory network topology
journal, April 2013

  • Ruths, T.; Nakhleh, L.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1217630110

Gracob: a novel graph-based constant-column biclustering method for mining growth phenotype data
journal, April 2017


Determinants of the CmoB carboxymethyl transferase utilized for selective tRNA wobble modification
journal, April 2015

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Validating Regulatory Predictions from Diverse Bacteria with Mutant Fitness Data
journal, December 2016


Growth Trade-Offs Accompany the Emergence of Glycolytic Metabolism in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
journal, June 2017

  • Chubiz, Lon M.; Marx, Christopher J.
  • Journal of Bacteriology, Vol. 199, Issue 11
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Synthetic and Evolutionary Construction of a Chlorate-Reducing Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
journal, May 2015

  • Clark, Iain C.; Melnyk, Ryan A.; Youngblut, Matthew D.
  • mBio, Vol. 6, Issue 3
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Functional genomic analysis of bile salt resistance in Enterococcus faecium
journal, January 2013


Enhanced whole genome sequence and annotation of Clostridium stercorarium DSM8532T using RNA-seq transcriptomics and high-throughput proteomics
journal, January 2014


Role of AcsR in expression of the acetyl-CoA synthetase gene in Vibrio vulnificus
journal, April 2015


Microbial metal resistance and metabolism across dynamic landscapes: high-throughput environmental microbiology
journal, January 2017


Phyletic Profiling with Cliques of Orthologs Is Enhanced by Signatures of Paralogy Relationships
journal, January 2013


Genome-Scale Metabolic Network Validation of Shewanella oneidensis Using Transposon Insertion Frequency Analysis
journal, September 2014


BioMog: A Computational Framework for the De Novo Generation or Modification of Essential Biomass Components
journal, December 2013


Functional toxicology: tools to advance the future of toxicity testing
journal, May 2014


Genetic basis for nitrate resistance in Desulfovibrio strains
journal, April 2014

  • Korte, Hannah L.; Fels, Samuel R.; Christensen, Geoff A.
  • Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 5
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Functional Genomics of Novel Secondary Metabolites from Diverse Cyanobacteria Using Untargeted Metabolomics
journal, September 2013

  • Baran, Richard; Ivanova, Natalia; Jose, Nick
  • Marine Drugs, Vol. 11, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.3390/md11103617

Forward Chemical Genetics in Yeast for Discovery of Chemical Probes Targeting Metabolism
journal, November 2012


Inference of gene regulatory networks from genome-wide knockout fitness data
text, January 2012

  • Wang, Liming; Wang, Xiaodong; Arkin, Adam P.
  • Columbia University
  • DOI: 10.7916/d8j67szs