DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Impact of Confining Stress on Capillary Pressure Behavior During Drainage Through Rough Fractures

Abstract

In this work we study, numerically, the behavior of capillary pressure $$(P_c)$$ during slow immiscible displacement in a rough fracture as a function of the degree of fracture aperture heterogeneity that results from two distinct mechanisms: normal confining stress and fracture surface correlation. We generate synthetic self-affine rough fractures at different correlation scales, solve the elastic contact problem to model the effect of confining stress, and simulate slow immiscible displacement of a wetting fluid by a nonwetting one using a modified invasion percolation model that accounts for in-plane curvature of the fluid-fluid interface. Our modeling results indicate that the power spectral density, $S(f)$, of $$P_c$$, can be used to qualitatively characterize fracture aperture heterogeneity. We show that the distribution of forward avalanche sizes follows a power law $$N_f (S_f)$$ ∝ $$S^{-a}_f$$ , with exponent $$α$$ = 2, in agreement with previously reported values for porous media and equal to the expected theoretical exponent for a self-organized criticality process.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN (United States)
  3. Wuhan Univ. (China)
  4. Technical Univ. of Madrid (Spain); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
OSTI Identifier:
1612956
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1542668
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0018357; 2018002440003
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Geophysical Research Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 46; Journal Issue: 13; Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES; geology; multiphase flow; fractures; roughness; capillary pressure; self‐organized criticality

Citation Formats

Silva, Josimar A., Kang, Peter K., Yang, Zhibing, Cueto‐Felgueroso, Luis, and Juanes, Ruben. Impact of Confining Stress on Capillary Pressure Behavior During Drainage Through Rough Fractures. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1029/2019gl082744.
Silva, Josimar A., Kang, Peter K., Yang, Zhibing, Cueto‐Felgueroso, Luis, & Juanes, Ruben. Impact of Confining Stress on Capillary Pressure Behavior During Drainage Through Rough Fractures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl082744
Silva, Josimar A., Kang, Peter K., Yang, Zhibing, Cueto‐Felgueroso, Luis, and Juanes, Ruben. Wed . "Impact of Confining Stress on Capillary Pressure Behavior During Drainage Through Rough Fractures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl082744. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1612956.
@article{osti_1612956,
title = {Impact of Confining Stress on Capillary Pressure Behavior During Drainage Through Rough Fractures},
author = {Silva, Josimar A. and Kang, Peter K. and Yang, Zhibing and Cueto‐Felgueroso, Luis and Juanes, Ruben},
abstractNote = {In this work we study, numerically, the behavior of capillary pressure $(P_c)$ during slow immiscible displacement in a rough fracture as a function of the degree of fracture aperture heterogeneity that results from two distinct mechanisms: normal confining stress and fracture surface correlation. We generate synthetic self-affine rough fractures at different correlation scales, solve the elastic contact problem to model the effect of confining stress, and simulate slow immiscible displacement of a wetting fluid by a nonwetting one using a modified invasion percolation model that accounts for in-plane curvature of the fluid-fluid interface. Our modeling results indicate that the power spectral density, $S(f)$, of $P_c$, can be used to qualitatively characterize fracture aperture heterogeneity. We show that the distribution of forward avalanche sizes follows a power law $N_f (S_f)$ ∝ $S^{-a}_f$ , with exponent $α$ = 2, in agreement with previously reported values for porous media and equal to the expected theoretical exponent for a self-organized criticality process.},
doi = {10.1029/2019gl082744},
journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
number = 13,
volume = 46,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jul 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Wed Jul 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 11 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: (a) Example of fracture aperture at low confining stress, σn = 0.02 MPa. Here, we show an aperture field generated from self-affine fracture surfaces with mismatch length scale Lc = L/8. (b) Same as (a) but for a larger confining stress, σn = 0.15 MPa. The white arrowsmore » indicate the flow direction. (c) Cumulative aperture distribution, FB($b/\bar b$), at different confining stresses. Each line corresponds to the average of 20 fracture aperture fields. (d) Average coefficient of variation, δ = σb/$\bar b$, where σb is the aperture standard deviation and $\bar b$ is the mean fracture aperture, as a function of confining stress.« less

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Wettability controls slow immiscible displacement through local interfacial instabilities
journal, November 2016


Two-Phase Flow Visualization and Relative Permeability Measurement in Natural Rough-Walled Rock Fractures
journal, May 1995

  • Persoff, P.; Pruess, K.
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 31, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1029/95WR00171

Mechanisms of the displacement of one fluid by another in a network of capillary ducts
journal, October 1983


Emergence of anomalous transport in stressed rough fractures
journal, November 2016


Invasion percolation in fractal fractures
journal, March 1999

  • Wagner, G.; Meakin, P.; Feder, J.
  • Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Vol. 264, Issue 3-4
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4371(98)00463-4

Leakage of CO2 from geologic storage: Role of secondary accumulation at shallow depth
journal, January 2008


Hydraulic conductivity of rock fractures
journal, April 1996

  • Zimmerman, RobertW.; Bodvarsson, GudmundurS.
  • Transport in Porous Media, Vol. 23, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1007/BF00145263

Visualizing and quantifying the crossover from capillary fingering to viscous fingering in a rough fracture: CROSSOVER CAPILLARY TO VISCOUS FINGERING
journal, September 2017

  • Chen, Yi-Feng; Fang, Shu; Wu, Dong-Sheng
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 53, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017WR021051

Intermittent behavior in slow drainage
journal, January 1996

  • Furuberg, Liv; Måløy, Knut Jørgen; Feder, Jens
  • Physical Review E, Vol. 53, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.53.966

A generalized approach for estimation of in-plane curvature in invasion percolation models for drainage in fractures: APPROACH FOR ESTIMATION OF IN-PLANE CURVATURE
journal, September 2012

  • Yang, Zhibing; Niemi, Auli; Fagerlund, Fritjof
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1029/2012WR011829

Simple mathematical model of a rough fracture
journal, April 1995

  • Brown, Stephen R.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 100, Issue B4
  • DOI: 10.1029/94JB03262

Pore scale dynamics underlying the motion of drainage fronts in porous media
journal, November 2014

  • Moebius, Franziska; Or, Dani
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 50, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014WR015916

Drying and percolation in correlated porous media
journal, December 2018


Two-phase flow in rough-walled fractures: Comparison of continuum and invasion-percolation models: COMPARISON OF CONTINUUM AND INVASION-PERCOLATION MODELS
journal, February 2013

  • Yang, Zhibing; Niemi, Auli; Fagerlund, Fritjof
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/wrcr.20111

Invasion percolation: a new form of percolation theory
journal, October 1983


Fluid trapping during capillary displacement in fractures
journal, September 2016


Two-phase flow properties of a horizontal fracture: The effect of aperture distribution
journal, February 2015


Real-time 3D imaging of Haines jumps in porous media flow
journal, February 2013

  • Berg, S.; Ott, H.; Klapp, S. A.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221373110

New ν ‐type relative permeability curves for two‐phase flows through subsurface fractures
journal, April 2015

  • Watanabe, Noriaki; Sakurai, Keisuke; Ishibashi, Takuya
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014WR016515

Broad bandwidth study of the topography of natural rock surfaces
journal, January 1985

  • Brown, Stephen R.; Scholz, Christopher H.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 90, Issue B14
  • DOI: 10.1029/JB090iB14p12575

Invasion percolation in a destabilizing gradient
journal, September 1992


Laboratory measurement of capillary pressure-saturation relationships in a rock fracture
journal, April 1994

  • Reitsma, Stanley; Kueper, Bernard H.
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 30, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1029/93WR03451

Slow two-phase flow in artificial fractures: Experiments and simulations
journal, September 1999

  • Amundsen, Håkon; Wagner, Geri; Oxaal, Unni
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 35, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1029/1999WR900147

Avalanche dynamics in evolution, growth, and depinning models
journal, January 1996


A modified invasion percolation model for low-capillary number immiscible displacements in horizontal rough-walled fractures: Influence of local in-plane curvature
journal, December 1998

  • Glass, Robert J.; Nicholl, Michael J.; Yarrington, Lane
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 34, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1029/98WR02224

Earthquakes as a self-organized critical phenomenon
journal, November 1989

  • Bak, Per; Tang, Chao
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 94, Issue B11
  • DOI: 10.1029/JB094iB11p15635

Euclidean and fractal models for the description of rock surface roughness
journal, January 1991

  • Power, William L.; Tullis, Terry E.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 96, Issue B1
  • DOI: 10.1029/90JB02107

Quasistatic fluid-fluid displacement in porous media: Invasion-percolation through a wetting transition
journal, October 2018


Some Important Considerations in the Simulation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
conference, April 2013

  • McDonald, A. E.; Beckner, B. L.; Chan, H. M.
  • Low Permeability Reservoirs Symposium
  • DOI: 10.2118/21814-MS

Experimental Investigation of Stress-Dependency of Relative Permeability in Rock Fractures
journal, May 2016


Burst dynamics during drainage displacements in porous media: Simulations and experiments
journal, July 2000


Invasion percolation on self-affine topographies
journal, February 1997


Experimental study on two-phase flow in rough fracture: Phase diagram and localized flow channel
journal, July 2018


Two-phase flow in a variable aperture fracture
journal, October 1993

  • Murphy, J. R.; Thomson, N. R.
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 29, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1029/93WR01285

Numerical study of the hydromechanical behavior of two rough fracture surfaces in contact
journal, July 1993

  • Unger, A. J. A.; Mase, C. W.
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 29, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1029/93WR00516

Critical behavior in porous media flow
journal, April 2017


The Characteristics of Relative Permeability Curves in Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
journal, March 2012

  • Lian, Peiqing; Cheng, Linsong
  • Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 02
  • DOI: 10.2118/154814-PA

Dynamics of slow drainage in porous media
journal, April 1992


Capillary Fracturing in Granular Media
journal, June 2012


Modeling gas-water processes in fractures with fracture flow properties obtained through upscaling: GAS-WATER PROCESSES IN FRACTURE-MATRIX
journal, September 2010

  • Nuske, Philipp; Faigle, Benjamin; Helmig, Rainer
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 46, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1029/2009WR008076

Single fractures under normal stress: The relation between fracture specific stiffness and fluid flow
journal, January 2000

  • Pyrak-Nolte, L. J.; Morris, J. P.
  • International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, Vol. 37, Issue 1-2
  • DOI: 10.1016/S1365-1609(99)00104-5

Self-organization, the cascade model, and natural hazards
journal, February 2002

  • Turcotte, D. L.; Malamud, B. D.; Guzzetti, F.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 99, Issue Supplement 1
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.012582199

Time Directed Avalanches in Invasion Models
journal, January 1995


The Rock Physics Handbook
book, January 2009


Numerical models and experiments on immiscible displacements in porous media
journal, April 1988


Cluster evolution in steady-state two-phase flow in porous media
journal, February 2006


Immiscible displacements in rough-walled fractures: Competition between roughening by random aperture variations and smoothing by in-plane curvature
journal, December 2003


Experimental and theoretical investigations of drainage in horizontal rough-walled fractures with different correlation structures
journal, December 2004


A Closed-form Equation for Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Unsaturated Soils1
journal, January 1980


Percolation processes: I. Crystals and mazes
journal, July 1957

  • Broadbent, S. R.; Hammersley, J. M.
  • Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Vol. 53, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1017/S0305004100032680

Closure of random elastic surfaces in contact
journal, June 1985

  • Brown, Stephen R.; Scholz, Christopher H.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 90, Issue B7
  • DOI: 10.1029/JB090iB07p05531

Measurement of aperture distribution, capillary pressure, relative permeability, and in situ saturation in a rock fracture using computed tomography scanning
journal, March 2001

  • Bertels, Stephanie P.; DiCarlo, David A.; Blunt, Martin J.
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 37, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1029/2000WR900316

Rock mechanics and engineering
journal, March 1973


Euclidean and fractal models for the description of rock surface roughness
journal, November 1991

  • Power, W. L.; Tullis, T. E.
  • International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 28, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1016/0148-9062(91)91240-r

The Rock Physics Handbook
book, March 2020


Rock Mechanics and Engineering
journal, June 1973


Impact of sample geometry on the measurement of pressure-saturation curves: experiments and simulations
text, January 2015


Cluster evolution in steady-state two-phase flow in porous media
text, January 2005


Works referencing / citing this record:

Roughness Control on Multiphase Flow in Rock Fractures
journal, November 2019

  • Hu, Ran; Zhou, Chen‐Xing; Wu, Dong‐Sheng
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019gl084762

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.