Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper

Cai, Wenjun; Bellon, Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.014

Title: Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper

Abstract

We report the effect of annealing on the wear behavior of commercial grade pure copper (Cu) was evaluated by performing unlubricated pin-on-disc wear tests of as-received and annealed samples under 0.1-10 kgf normal load. It was found that annealing at 800 °C for 24 h led to an increase of grain size of Cu from ~ 6.7 to ~ 15.3 μm and a decrease in hardness. Wear rates of both samples increased while the friction coefficients decreased with increasing normal load. Subsurface microstructure evolution and wear debris were characterized by high resolution electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after wear tests. Dynamic recrystallization and abnormal subsurface grain growth were observed in both samples under high load. Finally, the effect of annealing on the microstructure evolution and wear resistance of Cu were discussed.

Authors:

Cai, Wenjun ^[1]; Bellon, Pascal ^[2]

University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (United States); Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1607436

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-07ER46471; FG02-07ER46453; DMR-1455108

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Wear

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 426-427; Journal Issue: PB; Journal ID: ISSN 0043-1648

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; copper; sliding wear; EBSD; Dynamic recrystallization

Citation Formats


                    Cai, Wenjun, and Bellon, Pascal. Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.014.

Copy to clipboard


                    Cai, Wenjun, & Bellon, Pascal. Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.014

Copy to clipboard


                    Cai, Wenjun, and Bellon, Pascal. Wed .  
"Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.014.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1607436.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1607436,

  title        = {Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper},

  author       = {Cai, Wenjun and Bellon, Pascal},

  abstractNote = {We report the effect of annealing on the wear behavior of commercial grade pure copper (Cu) was evaluated by performing unlubricated pin-on-disc wear tests of as-received and annealed samples under 0.1-10 kgf normal load. It was found that annealing at 800 °C for 24 h led to an increase of grain size of Cu from ~ 6.7 to ~ 15.3 μm and a decrease in hardness. Wear rates of both samples increased while the friction coefficients decreased with increasing normal load. Subsurface microstructure evolution and wear debris were characterized by high resolution electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after wear tests. Dynamic recrystallization and abnormal subsurface grain growth were observed in both samples under high load. Finally, the effect of annealing on the microstructure evolution and wear resistance of Cu were discussed.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.014},

  journal      = {Wear},

  number       = PB,

  volume       = 426-427,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.014

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Rapid stress-driven grain coarsening in nanocrystalline Cu at ambient and cryogenic temperatures
journal, August 2005

Zhang, Kai; Weertman, J. R.; Eastman, J. A.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.2008377

Hall–Petch breakdown manifested in abrasive wear resistance of nanocrystalline nickel
journal, May 2002

Schuh, C. A.; Nieh, T. G.; Yamasaki, T.
Scripta Materialia, Vol. 46, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00062-3

Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces
journal, August 1953

Archard, J. F.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 24, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1063/1.1721448

Crystallographic textures and texture transitions induced by sliding wear in bronze and nickel
journal, June 2009

Cai, W.; Mabon, J.; Bellon, P.
Wear, Vol. 267, Issue 1-4
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2008.11.016

Sliding behavior of Pb-Sn alloys
journal, February 1995

Wang, X.
Wear, Vol. 181-183
DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(94)07033-4

Abrasive wear response of nanocrystalline Ni–W alloys across the Hall–Petchbreakdown
journal, February 2013

Rupert, Timothy J.; Cai, Wenjun; Schuh, Christopher A.
Wear, Vol. 298-299
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2013.01.021

Sliding wear of nanocrystalline Ni–W: Structural evolution and the apparent breakdown of Archard scaling
journal, July 2010

Rupert, Timothy J.; Schuh, Christopher A.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 58, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.04.005

The effects of sliding velocity and sliding time on nanocrystalline tribolayer development and properties in copper
journal, June 2009

Emge, A.; Karthikeyan, S.; Rigney, D. A.
Wear, Vol. 267, Issue 1-4
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2008.12.102

Dry sliding of Cu–15wt%Ni–8wt%Sn bronze: Wear behaviour and microstructures
journal, September 2007

Singh, J. B.; Cai, W.; Bellon, P.
Wear, Vol. 263, Issue 1-6
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2007.01.061

Friction and wear behaviors of nanocrystalline surface layer of pure copper
journal, May 2006

Zhang, Y. S.; Han, Z.; Wang, K.
Wear, Vol. 260, Issue 9-10
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2005.06.010

Overview no. 55 Wear-Mechanism maps
journal, January 1987

Lim, S. C.; Ashby, M. F.
Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 35, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(87)90209-4

Characteristics of metallic subsurface zones in sliding and impact wear
journal, December 1981

Rice, Stephen L.; Nowotny, Hans; Wayne, Steven F.
Wear, Vol. 74, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(81)90199-X

Stored energy and recrystallization temperature in high purity copper after equal channel angular pressing
journal, December 2008

Zhang, Yue; Wang, Jing Tao; Cheng, Chang
Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 43, Issue 23-24
DOI: 10.1007/s10853-008-2903-8

Structural evolution in copper layers during sliding under different lubricant conditions
journal, August 2010

Moshkovich, Alexey; Perfilyev, Vladislav; Bendikov, Tatyana
Acta Materialia, Vol. 58, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.05.001

The influence of time, temperature, and grain size on indentation creep in high-purity nanocrystalline and ultrafine grain copper
journal, November 2004

Zhang, Kai; Weertman, J. R.; Eastman, J. A.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 22
DOI: 10.1063/1.1828213

Wear Resistance of Cu/Ag Multilayers: A Microscopic Study
journal, March 2018

R., Madhavan; Bellon, P.; Averback, R. S.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 10, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03015

Fretting wear behavior of nanocrystalline surface layer of copper under dry condition
journal, July 2008

Zhang, Y. S.; Han, Z.; Lu, K.
Wear, Vol. 265, Issue 3-4
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2007.11.004

Stored energy, vacancies and thermal stability of ultra-fine grained copper
journal, September 2008

Cao, W. Q.; Gu, C. F.; Pereloma, E. V.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 492, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2008.02.048

Grain coarsening behavior in a nanocrystalline copper subjected to sliding friction
journal, May 2014

Zhang, Y. S.; Niu, H. Z.; Zhang, L. C.
Materials Letters, Vol. 123
DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.02.050

Direct observation of tribological recrystallization
journal, March 2010

Liao, Y.; EswaraMoorthy, S. K.; Marks, L. D.
Philosophical Magazine Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1080/09500830903571384

Hall-Petch strengthening in nanocrystalline metals
journal, July 1993

Weertman, J. R.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 166, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/0921-5093(93)90319-A

Mechanical Grain Growth in Nanocrystalline Copper
journal, June 2006

Li, James C. M.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 21
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.215506

Comparisons of dry sliding tribological behaviors between coarse-grained and nanocrystalline copper
journal, January 2012

Li, W. L.; Tao, N. R.; Han, Z.
Wear, Vol. 274-275
DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2011.09.010

Effect of grain size on friction and wear of nanocrystalline aluminum
journal, February 1996

Farhat, Z. N.; Ding, Y.; Northwood, D. O.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 206, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/0921-5093(95)10016-4

Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and alloys11The Golden Jubilee Issue—Selected topics in Materials Science and Engineering: Past, Present and Future, edited by S. Suresh
journal, November 2003

Kumar, K. S.; Van Swygenhoven, H.; Suresh, S.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 19
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.032

Surface Softening in Metal–Ceramic Sliding Contacts: An Experimental and Numerical Investigation
journal, January 2015

Stoyanov, Pantcho; Merz, Rolf; Romero, Pedro A.
ACS Nano, Vol. 9, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/nn505968m

Works referencing / citing this record:

Wear studies of copper-fly ash composite under dry sliding conditions
journal, September 2019

Balamurugan, P.; Uthayakumar, M.; Niemczewska-Wójcik, Magdalena
Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab3ffe

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Probing the subsurface lattice rotation dynamics in bronze after sliding wear

Journal Article Cai, W. ; Bellon, P. ; Beaudoin, A. J. - Scripta Materialia

The subsurface lattice rotation of polycrystalline and single crystal Cu-Ni-Sn bronze after pin-on-disc wear test were characterized using electron-backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The majority of grains were sheared in the sliding direction with rotation axis around the transverse direction of the pin, exhibiting a weak shear texture. The orientation spread along the sliding direction increased with subsurface plastic strain, following a power law relationship. Finally, the grain re-orientation magnitude in the pin normal direction was found to be related to the number of active slip systems, as indicated by the Schmid factors of the local grain orientation.
Cited by 13
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.07.002

Full Text Available
Wear characteristics of severely deformed aluminum sheets by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process

Journal Article Talachi, A Kazemi ; Eizadjou, M ; Manesh, H Danesh ; ... - Materials Characterization

Wear behavior of severely deformed aluminum sheets by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process was characterized using a pin on disc wear machine at different conditions. The sheets were processed up to eight ARB cycles in order to induce a high strain ({approx} 6.4) to the samples. EBSD results showed that after eight cycles of ARB, sheets were found to contain ultrafine grains with high fraction of high angle grain boundaries. Wear experiments were conducted under different loading and operating conditions, including dry and immersion lubrication, and rotation speeds. Wear was continuously monitored by measuring the wear rates and morphologies ofmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2010.10.003
Laser cladding of wear resistant Cu-base coatings on cast Al-Si alloys

Conference Kelly, J ; Nagarathnam, K ; Mazumder, J

Laser cladded Mn-Al bronze coatings on AA333 cast alloy substrate primarily for possible automotive applications were successfully produced using a 6 kW continuous wave CO{sub 2} laser with an oscillating beam for various processing conditions. The experimental test matrix included a 3x3 matrix of the three major laser process parameters-laser power, traverse speed, and powder feed. The produced coatings were dense, well-bonded, free of cracks, and relatively much harder (up to 400 kgf/mm{sup 2}) with sufficient toughness characteristics. Preliminary evaluation of the select coating microstructures using optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and x-raymore »« less
Evolution of grain boundary character distributions in alloy 825 tubes during high temperature annealing: Is grain boundary engineering achieved through recrystallization or grain growth?

Journal Article Bai, Qin ; Zhao, Qing ; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072 ; ... - Materials Characterization

Grain boundary engineering (GBE) of nickel-based alloy 825 tubes was carried out with different cold drawing deformations by using a draw-bench on a factory production line and subsequent annealing at various temperatures. The microstructure evolution of alloy 825 during thermal-mechanical processing (TMP) was characterized by means of the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique to study the TMP effects on the grain boundary network and the evolution of grain boundary character distributions during high temperature annealing. The results showed that the proportion of ∑ 3{sup n} coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries of alloy 825 tubes could be increased to > 75%more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2016.11.016
DOE/NNSA/DE-FG03-03NA00069 Annual Report 1

Technical Report Rigney, David A

OAK-B135 This project was undertaken to enhance our understanding and control of the response of ductile materials to extreme loading conditions such as those involved in impact loading. The project was designed with a focus on the role of friction in high rate deformation and shock studies. The work involves collaboration of the tribology group in Materials Science and Engineering at OSU and two groups at LANL, an impact loading group in the dynamic experimentation division and a computer simulation group in the applied physics division. The two teams are investigating the same materials pairs: Cu/Cu, Al/stainless steel (SS) andmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/822009

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Effect of annealing treatment on the dry sliding wear behavior of copper

Abstract

Citation Formats

Rapid stress-driven grain coarsening in nanocrystalline Cu at ambient and cryogenic temperatures journal, August 2005

Hall–Petch breakdown manifested in abrasive wear resistance of nanocrystalline nickel journal, May 2002

Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces journal, August 1953

Crystallographic textures and texture transitions induced by sliding wear in bronze and nickel journal, June 2009

Sliding behavior of Pb-Sn alloys journal, February 1995

Abrasive wear response of nanocrystalline Ni–W alloys across the Hall–Petchbreakdown journal, February 2013

Sliding wear of nanocrystalline Ni–W: Structural evolution and the apparent breakdown of Archard scaling journal, July 2010

The effects of sliding velocity and sliding time on nanocrystalline tribolayer development and properties in copper journal, June 2009

Dry sliding of Cu–15wt%Ni–8wt%Sn bronze: Wear behaviour and microstructures journal, September 2007

Friction and wear behaviors of nanocrystalline surface layer of pure copper journal, May 2006

Overview no. 55 Wear-Mechanism maps journal, January 1987

Characteristics of metallic subsurface zones in sliding and impact wear journal, December 1981

Stored energy and recrystallization temperature in high purity copper after equal channel angular pressing journal, December 2008

Structural evolution in copper layers during sliding under different lubricant conditions journal, August 2010

The influence of time, temperature, and grain size on indentation creep in high-purity nanocrystalline and ultrafine grain copper journal, November 2004

Wear Resistance of Cu/Ag Multilayers: A Microscopic Study journal, March 2018

Fretting wear behavior of nanocrystalline surface layer of copper under dry condition journal, July 2008

Stored energy, vacancies and thermal stability of ultra-fine grained copper journal, September 2008

Grain coarsening behavior in a nanocrystalline copper subjected to sliding friction journal, May 2014

Direct observation of tribological recrystallization journal, March 2010

Hall-Petch strengthening in nanocrystalline metals journal, July 1993

Mechanical Grain Growth in Nanocrystalline Copper journal, June 2006

Comparisons of dry sliding tribological behaviors between coarse-grained and nanocrystalline copper journal, January 2012

Effect of grain size on friction and wear of nanocrystalline aluminum journal, February 1996

Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and alloys11The Golden Jubilee Issue—Selected topics in Materials Science and Engineering: Past, Present and Future, edited by S. Suresh journal, November 2003

Surface Softening in Metal–Ceramic Sliding Contacts: An Experimental and Numerical Investigation journal, January 2015

Wear studies of copper-fly ash composite under dry sliding conditions journal, September 2019

Rapid stress-driven grain coarsening in nanocrystalline Cu at ambient and cryogenic temperatures
journal, August 2005

Hall–Petch breakdown manifested in abrasive wear resistance of nanocrystalline nickel
journal, May 2002

Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces
journal, August 1953

Crystallographic textures and texture transitions induced by sliding wear in bronze and nickel
journal, June 2009

Sliding behavior of Pb-Sn alloys
journal, February 1995

Abrasive wear response of nanocrystalline Ni–W alloys across the Hall–Petchbreakdown
journal, February 2013

Sliding wear of nanocrystalline Ni–W: Structural evolution and the apparent breakdown of Archard scaling
journal, July 2010

The effects of sliding velocity and sliding time on nanocrystalline tribolayer development and properties in copper
journal, June 2009

Dry sliding of Cu–15wt%Ni–8wt%Sn bronze: Wear behaviour and microstructures
journal, September 2007

Friction and wear behaviors of nanocrystalline surface layer of pure copper
journal, May 2006

Overview no. 55 Wear-Mechanism maps
journal, January 1987

Characteristics of metallic subsurface zones in sliding and impact wear
journal, December 1981

Stored energy and recrystallization temperature in high purity copper after equal channel angular pressing
journal, December 2008

Structural evolution in copper layers during sliding under different lubricant conditions
journal, August 2010

The influence of time, temperature, and grain size on indentation creep in high-purity nanocrystalline and ultrafine grain copper
journal, November 2004

Wear Resistance of Cu/Ag Multilayers: A Microscopic Study
journal, March 2018

Fretting wear behavior of nanocrystalline surface layer of copper under dry condition
journal, July 2008

Stored energy, vacancies and thermal stability of ultra-fine grained copper
journal, September 2008

Grain coarsening behavior in a nanocrystalline copper subjected to sliding friction
journal, May 2014

Direct observation of tribological recrystallization
journal, March 2010

Hall-Petch strengthening in nanocrystalline metals
journal, July 1993

Mechanical Grain Growth in Nanocrystalline Copper
journal, June 2006

Comparisons of dry sliding tribological behaviors between coarse-grained and nanocrystalline copper
journal, January 2012

Effect of grain size on friction and wear of nanocrystalline aluminum
journal, February 1996

Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and alloys11The Golden Jubilee Issue—Selected topics in Materials Science and Engineering: Past, Present and Future, edited by S. Suresh
journal, November 2003

Surface Softening in Metal–Ceramic Sliding Contacts: An Experimental and Numerical Investigation
journal, January 2015

Wear studies of copper-fly ash composite under dry sliding conditions
journal, September 2019